The document provides information on English tenses and their usage patterns. It discusses the three main tenses - present, past and future - and their various forms. For each tense, examples of verbs and patterns are given to illustrate how the tense changes based on the subject. Common usage scenarios are also outlined to explain when each tense should be used.
2. ⦁ AT THE END OF THE LESSON, YOU WILL
UNDERSTAND THE FOLLOWING
◦ Types of tenses
◦ Basic tense patterns
◦ How the tenses change with the subject
◦ When to use different tenses
3. ⦁ Mainly there are 3 types
◦Present Tense
◦Past Tense
◦Future Tense
4. PRESENT TENSE
1. Simple Present
2. Present Continuous
3. Present Perfect
4. Present Perfect
Continuous
FUTURE TENSE
9. Simple Future
10.Future Continuous
11.Future Perfect
12.Future Perfect
Continuous
PAST TENSE
5. Simple Past
6. Past Continuous
7. Past Perfect
8. Past Perfect Continuous
5. Verbs have mainly 4 forms They are
V1-basic form
V2-past form
V3-past participle form
V4-present participle form
V1
eat
V2
ate
V3
eaten
V4
eating
7. PATTERN
SUBJECT+IS/ARE+V4
I am eating chocolates
He is eating chocolates
She is eating chocolates
We are eating chocolates
They are eating chocolates
Ramu is eating chocolates
Sita is eating chocolates
8. PATTERN
SUBJECT+HAS/HAVE+V
3
I have eaten chocolates
We have eaten chocolates
She has eaten chocolates
He has eaten chocolates
They have eaten chocolates
Ramu has eaten chocolates
Sita has eaten chocolates
9. PATTERN
SUBJECT+HAS/HAVE+BEEN+V4
I have been eating chocolates
We have been eating chocolates
She has been eating chocolates
He has been eating chocolates
They have been eating chocolates
Ramu has been eating chocolates
Sita has been eating chocolates
11. PATTERN
SUBJECT+WAS/WERE+V3
I was eating chocolates
We were eating chocolates
She was eating chocolates
He was eating chocolates
They were eating chocolates
Ramu was eating chocolates
Sita was eating chocolates
12. PATTERN
SUBJECT+HAD+V
3
I had eaten chocolates
We had eaten chocolates
She had eaten chocolates
He had eaten chocolates
They had eaten chocolates
Ramu had eaten chocolates
Sita had eaten chocolates
13. PATTERN
SUBJECT+HAD+BEEN+V4
I had been eating chocolates
We had been eating chocolates
She had been eating chocolates
He had been eating chocolates
They had been eating chocolates
Ramu had been eating chocolates
Sita had been eating chocolates
14. PATTERN
SUBJECT+WILL/SHALL+
V1
I shall eat chocolates
We shall eat chocolates
She will eat chocolates
He will eat chocolates
They will eat chocolates
Ramu will eat chocolates
Sita will eat chocolates
15. PATTERN
SUBJECT+WILL/SHALL+BE+
V4
I shall be eating chocolates
We shall be eating chocolates
She will be eating chocolates
He will be eating chocolates
They will be eating chocolates
Ramu will be eating chocolates
Sita will be eating chocolates
16. PATTERN
SUBJECT+WILL/SHALL+HAVE+
V3
I shall have eaten chocolates
We shall have eaten chocolates
She will have eaten chocolates
He will have eaten chocolates
They will have eaten chocolates
Ramu will have eaten chocolates
Sita will have eaten chocolates
17. PATTERN
SUBJECT+WILL/SHALL+HAVE+BEE
N+V4
I shall have been eating chocolates
We shall have been eating chocolates
She will have been eating chocolates
He will have been eating chocolates
They will have been eating chocolates
Ramu will have been eating chocolates
Sita will have been eating chocolates
18. For a habitual action
He drinks milk everyday
To express a truth
The sun rises in the east
Sentences starting with here and there
•Here comes the bus, There he goes
Future incidents of fixed time table
The train starts at 9-30 pm
In the first conditional
If he studies well, he will pass the examination
Usually followed by words like if, when, while,
as, as soon as, untill, unless, till etc.
Let’s wait till he finishes his work
Please ring me up as soon as he comes
19. For currently happening actions
He is drinking milk right now
For actions shortly going to happen
I am going to a movie tonight
In some special cases
I am thinking of going to Mumbai
She is tasting the soup to see if it
needs any salt
20. For a recently completed actions He
has just gone out
Past incidents not mentioning specified time.
I have never known him to be angry Hari
has been to Japan
For past actions ( their effect is still
experiencing )
He has eaten all the chocolates ( There
aren’t left any )
For past actions continued up to now They
have lived here for 10 years
I have known him for a long time
21. For an action which started in the past
and continued up to now
He has been eating since morning
She has been sleeping for 5 hours
22. For a completed action in the
past(usually followed by an adverb of
time )
I received a letter from him last week
He joined in the school yesterday
Some times it comes with out an
adverb but the importance of time should
be there
I didn’t sleep well
When expressing our old habits
She always carried an umbrella
He studied many hours a day
23. For a continuing action in the past
We were listening to radio all evening
In a continued action in the past, if
another action takes place then we use
Simple past for the new action
The light went out while I was reading
For expressing long run habits
He was always smoking
24. If two actions takes place in the past,
the one Which comes first should be in
Past Perfect and the next one should be
in Simple Past
I had written the letter before he
arrived
When I reached the station, the train
had already started
25. For an action started in the past and
had been continuing to the moment we
are talking in the past
At that time he had been writing
novels for 5 years
When Hari came to my house
yesterday, my father had been
watching TV since morning
26. When taking about consequences
which are not in our hands
I shall be 20 next Saturday
It will be Diwali in a week
For assumed actions
I think Pakistan will win the match
I’m sure Ravi will get the first class.
To express what may happen when you
are talking
It is raining, I will take an umbrella
27. For an action which will be continued
for some time in the future
This time tomorrow it will be raining
here
I shall be watching a movie by 9-30
am tomorrow
For programmes which are going to
start in future
He will be meeting us next week
The post man will be coming soon
28. For an action which will be completed
some time in the future
By the end of this month I will have
worked here for 5 years
He will have left before you go to see
him
29. For an action which will be continuing
for some time in the future to the
moment we are talking
By next March we will have been
living here for 4 years
I shall have been teaching for 5 years
by this date next year