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Waste management

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harankitu
harankitu

AN research on waste management in western countries and India comparatively as what they have and what we are lagging in.

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Waste consequences & Management
What are Wastes? The actual definition varies from country to country • Most legal definitions of waste can be summarized as a product or a substance that is no longer suited for its intended use
What is waste management ? • Waste management is the “generation, prevention, characterization, monitoring, treatment, handling, reuse and residual disposition of solid wastes”
Explanation by example •We are going to explain properties of waste & its management by taking an example. • Assume we found a plastic bag in an dump yard weighted nearly half a ton and lets see what is in it... • As weight is concerned it only earns few pennies in cash as it totally became dump and of no use.
Things we found •Firstly, items like glass bottles aluminium sheets etc., which are actually can washed and capped properly so it can REUSED properly so reduction of waste from bin, • This process is named as REUSE
Things we found • Secondly we found that items like broken glasses ,metals , clothes and electronic parts which cannot be reused so they want to be modified and produced new product •This process is called RECYCLE
Things we found •Thirdly, we found the items like food ,used cooking oil, wooden blocks, paper, smelly stuff like contaminated food which is neither reused nor recycled. •So, it is used to conversion of non-recyclable waste materials into usable heat, electricity named ENERGY RECOVERY
Things we found •Why generate waste in huge amounts? • We can use of optimum utilization of minimum resources, like reading paper in online, reduction of paper waste , with technology as a substitute. • This is REDUCTION of waste from resources
Things we found •Few things that are neither decomposable nor reusable, in any manner should be handled separately. • They consist of hazardous elements and hence should be decomposed safely. •HAZARDOUS : Substances unsafe to use that are shipped, transported to or brought from the country of origin for dumping or disposal.
WASTE HIERARCHY • Three R’s for management of waste: •REDUCE •REUSE •RECYCLE & •ENERGY RECOVERY
Scopes in managements •We find better scopes by looking at the process -The first thing we can get division in this process. -The second thing is work job employment.
Solutions • Land fill • Incineration • Recycling • Sustainability
Investment •By using the waste hierarchy management method we should give some investment to reproduce. •But results on investment is useful by getting resources which of maximum utilization •And the pollution quantity is less than fuel and coal utilization. •This type of energy from waste is named as Green power.
Process of reduction in European countries •Biological reprocessing •Energy recovery •Resources recovery •Avoidance & reduction methods •Pyrolysis •Waste handling & transport
Waste handling system •Vacuum collection •Curb side collection •Pyrolysis •Taxes on irresponsibility •Separation from home level •Unsegregated waste •Targets and goals(zero waste in 2020)
International waste movement •Basel Convention. •Located at Basel, Switzerland. •Reduction of hazardous waste & radioactive waste. •Assist LDCs in sound management of wastes they generate •The Convention was opened for signature on 22 March 1989 •Entered into force on 5 May 1992. •As of January 2015, 182 states and the European Union are parties to the Convention.
Benefits •Chance of disposable •Economic •Environmental •Social •Inter generational equity
Challenges in developing countries •Ongoing challenge •Inadequately managed •Problems with governance •Rapid urbanization
Technologies •RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) •RFID tags •GPS tracking •Integrated software packages •Rear vision cameras OH&S (Occupational Health & Safety)
Central principles of waste management •Waste hierarchy •Life-cycle of a Product •Resource efficiency •Polluter pays principle
Waste Generation by Country (Global Waste Survey Final Report Published by IMO 1995)* Countries Amount /year Japan 395 M tonnes/year Germany 104 M tonnes/year Netherlands 6.1 M tonnes/year Hungary 102 M tonnes/year Poland 130 M tonnes/year Romania 607 M tonnes/year Bahrain 92,000 tonnes/year China 6 B tonnes/year India 112 M tonnes/year *from primary and secondary industry sectors
Waste production in Indian states
Conclusion •Issue needs governmental attention •Generate waste are too dangerous right now. •Little awareness should exists amongst the people. •Crucial to educate people and convince for adoption of Waste Hierarchy
Awareness Congrats by knowing the consequences, reasons and by implementation we reduces 75% waste. WASTING YOUR WASTE IS SUCH A WASTE.
Sources Waste Management (2013). http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956053X14000269 Waste management from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waste_management New Energy Corporation (2014). "Waste Hierarchy USEPA (2014). "Energy Recovery from Waste" Encyclopedia Britannica Oxford Reference - Pyrolysis USEPA (2014). "Energy Recovery from Waste"
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Waste management

  • 2. What are Wastes? The actual definition varies from country to country • Most legal definitions of waste can be summarized as a product or a substance that is no longer suited for its intended use
  • 3. What is waste management ? • Waste management is the “generation, prevention, characterization, monitoring, treatment, handling, reuse and residual disposition of solid wastes”
  • 4. Explanation by example •We are going to explain properties of waste & its management by taking an example. • Assume we found a plastic bag in an dump yard weighted nearly half a ton and lets see what is in it... • As weight is concerned it only earns few pennies in cash as it totally became dump and of no use.
  • 5. Things we found •Firstly, items like glass bottles aluminium sheets etc., which are actually can washed and capped properly so it can REUSED properly so reduction of waste from bin, • This process is named as REUSE
  • 6. Things we found • Secondly we found that items like broken glasses ,metals , clothes and electronic parts which cannot be reused so they want to be modified and produced new product •This process is called RECYCLE
  • 7. Things we found •Thirdly, we found the items like food ,used cooking oil, wooden blocks, paper, smelly stuff like contaminated food which is neither reused nor recycled. •So, it is used to conversion of non-recyclable waste materials into usable heat, electricity named ENERGY RECOVERY
  • 8. Things we found •Why generate waste in huge amounts? • We can use of optimum utilization of minimum resources, like reading paper in online, reduction of paper waste , with technology as a substitute. • This is REDUCTION of waste from resources
  • 9. Things we found •Few things that are neither decomposable nor reusable, in any manner should be handled separately. • They consist of hazardous elements and hence should be decomposed safely. •HAZARDOUS : Substances unsafe to use that are shipped, transported to or brought from the country of origin for dumping or disposal.
  • 10. WASTE HIERARCHY • Three R’s for management of waste: •REDUCE •REUSE •RECYCLE & •ENERGY RECOVERY
  • 11. Scopes in managements •We find better scopes by looking at the process -The first thing we can get division in this process. -The second thing is work job employment.
  • 12. Solutions • Land fill • Incineration • Recycling • Sustainability
  • 13. Investment •By using the waste hierarchy management method we should give some investment to reproduce. •But results on investment is useful by getting resources which of maximum utilization •And the pollution quantity is less than fuel and coal utilization. •This type of energy from waste is named as Green power.
  • 14. Process of reduction in European countries •Biological reprocessing •Energy recovery •Resources recovery •Avoidance & reduction methods •Pyrolysis •Waste handling & transport
  • 15. Waste handling system •Vacuum collection •Curb side collection •Pyrolysis •Taxes on irresponsibility •Separation from home level •Unsegregated waste •Targets and goals(zero waste in 2020)
  • 16. International waste movement •Basel Convention. •Located at Basel, Switzerland. •Reduction of hazardous waste & radioactive waste. •Assist LDCs in sound management of wastes they generate •The Convention was opened for signature on 22 March 1989 •Entered into force on 5 May 1992. •As of January 2015, 182 states and the European Union are parties to the Convention.
  • 18. Challenges in developing countries •Ongoing challenge •Inadequately managed •Problems with governance •Rapid urbanization
  • 19. Technologies •RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) •RFID tags •GPS tracking •Integrated software packages •Rear vision cameras OH&S (Occupational Health & Safety)
  • 20. Central principles of waste management •Waste hierarchy •Life-cycle of a Product •Resource efficiency •Polluter pays principle
  • 21. Waste Generation by Country (Global Waste Survey Final Report Published by IMO 1995)* Countries Amount /year Japan 395 M tonnes/year Germany 104 M tonnes/year Netherlands 6.1 M tonnes/year Hungary 102 M tonnes/year Poland 130 M tonnes/year Romania 607 M tonnes/year Bahrain 92,000 tonnes/year China 6 B tonnes/year India 112 M tonnes/year *from primary and secondary industry sectors
  • 22. Waste production in Indian states
  • 23. Conclusion •Issue needs governmental attention •Generate waste are too dangerous right now. •Little awareness should exists amongst the people. •Crucial to educate people and convince for adoption of Waste Hierarchy
  • 24. Awareness Congrats by knowing the consequences, reasons and by implementation we reduces 75% waste. WASTING YOUR WASTE IS SUCH A WASTE.
  • 25. Sources Waste Management (2013). http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956053X14000269 Waste management from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waste_management New Energy Corporation (2014). "Waste Hierarchy USEPA (2014). "Energy Recovery from Waste" Encyclopedia Britannica Oxford Reference - Pyrolysis USEPA (2014). "Energy Recovery from Waste"