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An Insight to Personality

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Hiba Hamid
Hiba Hamid

This document provides an overview of theories and models of personality, including Cattell's 16 Personality Factor model, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, and the Big Five model. It also discusses determinants of personality such as heredity, environment, and situation. Key personality attributes that can affect organizational behavior are explored, like locus of control, self-esteem, and risk-taking tendencies. Personality is assessed using interviews, observations, and objective or projective personality tests. The document concludes that both nature and nurture influence personality development.

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An Insight to Personality
AN INSIGHT TO PERSONALITY Presented by: Hiba Hamid Okarvi 2nd Year BDS
contents What is personality? Determinants of personality Cattell’s 16 personality factor model Typical questions in the 16PF Questionnaire The Myers-Briggs type indicator [MBTI] The Big Five Model Major personality attributes affecting O.B. Personality Assessment What exactly shapes us? References
What is personality? When we talk of personality, we don’t mean that a person has charm, a positive attitude towards life, a smiling face, or is a finalist for “Happiest and Friendliest” in this year’s Mr. / Miss LCMD contest! When psychologists talk of personality, they mean a dynamic concept describing growth and development of a person’s whole psychological system.
Determinants of Personality Determinants of personality Heredity Environment Situation
cattell’s 16 personality factor model The sixteen Personality Factors, measured by the 16PF Questionnaire, were derived using factor analysis by psychologist Raymond Cattel.
Typical questions in the 16pf questionnaire  Do you like to talk to strangers?  Do you consider yourself to be shy?  Do you like parties?  Do you feel bad about meeting new people?  Do you easily get bored?  Do you like detailed work?  Do you find it easy to concentrate on such work as proof-reading?  Are you a perfectionist?  Do you find that you often worry about little things?  Have you ever spoken untrue?  Do your friends sometimes say about you that you are a somewhat selfimportant person?  Would you wish that you were more persuasive?  Do you find it hard to make yourself feel embarrassed?  Are you always open and honest about your feelings?
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator [mbti] A personality test that taps four characteristics (sensing, intuition, feeling, & thinking) and classifies people into 1 of 16 personality types. MBTI is one of the most widely used personality frameworks which has no hard evidence as valid measure of personality.
The big five model extroversion A personality dimension describing someone who is sociable, gregarious, and assertive. agreeableness A personality dimension that describes someone who is goodnatured, cooperative, and trusting. openness to experience A personality dimension that characterizes someone in terms of imaginativeness, artistic, sensiti vity, and intellectualism.
the big five model cont’d concscientiousness A personality dimension that describes someone who is responsible, dependable, p ersistent, and organized. emotional stability A personality dimension that characterizes someone as calm, selfconfident, secure (positive) versus nervous, depressed, and insecure (negative).
Major personality attributes affecting o.b.  Locus of control  Machiavellianism  Self-esteem  Self-monitoring  Propensity for risk-taking  Type A / Type B personality
Locus of control The degree to which people believe they are masters of their own fate. internals Individuals who believe that they control what happens to them. externals Individuals who believe that what happens to them is controlled by outside forces such as luck or chance.
Self-esteem Individuals’ degree of liking or disliking themselves. machiavellianism  Named after Niccolo Machiavelli.  A personality characteristic indicating one’s willingness to do whatever it takes to get one’s way.  Degree to which an individual is pragmatic, maintains emotional distance, and believes that ends can justify means. Self-monitoring A personality trait that measures an individual’s ability to adjust his or her behavior to external, situational factors.
Risk-taking high risk-taking managers low risk-taking managers  Make quicker decisions  Are slower to make decisions.  Use less information to make decisions  Require more information before making decisions.  Operate in smaller and more entrepreneurial organisations.  Exist in larger organisations with stable environments.
“type a” personality Type A’s:  Are always moving, walking, and eating rapidly  Feel impatient with the rate at which most events take place  Strive to think or do two or more things at once  Cannot cope with leisure time  Are obsessed with numbers, measuring their success in terms of how many or how much of everything they acquire
“type b” personality Type B’s:  Never suffer from a sense of time urgency with its accompanying impatience  Feel no need to display or discuss either their achievements or accomplishments unless such exposure is demanded by the situation  Play for fun and relaxation, rather than to exhibit their superiority at any cost  Can relax without guilt
Personality assessment How does one measure another’s personality? Methods include:  Interviews and observation  Projective personality tests  Objective personality tests
What exactly shapes us? "It's amazing how little ability we have to shape the lives of our children. You do what you can, but their personalities are predominantly formed by the times they live in, their friends, and other influences. Parenting is sort of like pulling back the lever of a pinball machine, and just letting the ball fly."
REFERENCES  http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2009/mar/07/personalitytest  http://www.scribd.com/doc/103544522/2/Machiavellianism  www.psychologytoday.com/basics/personality  www.apa.org › Psychology Topics  psychology.about.com › Education › Psychology › Personality  Facebook page: “Humans of New York” https://www.facebook.com/humansofnewyork?fref=ts  http://personality-testing.info/tests/16PF.php
An Insight to Personality
An Insight to Personality

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An Insight to Personality

  • 2. AN INSIGHT TO PERSONALITY Presented by: Hiba Hamid Okarvi 2nd Year BDS
  • 3. contents What is personality? Determinants of personality Cattell’s 16 personality factor model Typical questions in the 16PF Questionnaire The Myers-Briggs type indicator [MBTI] The Big Five Model Major personality attributes affecting O.B. Personality Assessment What exactly shapes us? References
  • 4. What is personality? When we talk of personality, we don’t mean that a person has charm, a positive attitude towards life, a smiling face, or is a finalist for “Happiest and Friendliest” in this year’s Mr. / Miss LCMD contest! When psychologists talk of personality, they mean a dynamic concept describing growth and development of a person’s whole psychological system.
  • 5. Determinants of Personality Determinants of personality Heredity Environment Situation
  • 6. cattell’s 16 personality factor model The sixteen Personality Factors, measured by the 16PF Questionnaire, were derived using factor analysis by psychologist Raymond Cattel.
  • 7. Typical questions in the 16pf questionnaire  Do you like to talk to strangers?  Do you consider yourself to be shy?  Do you like parties?  Do you feel bad about meeting new people?  Do you easily get bored?  Do you like detailed work?  Do you find it easy to concentrate on such work as proof-reading?  Are you a perfectionist?  Do you find that you often worry about little things?  Have you ever spoken untrue?  Do your friends sometimes say about you that you are a somewhat selfimportant person?  Would you wish that you were more persuasive?  Do you find it hard to make yourself feel embarrassed?  Are you always open and honest about your feelings?
  • 8. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator [mbti] A personality test that taps four characteristics (sensing, intuition, feeling, & thinking) and classifies people into 1 of 16 personality types. MBTI is one of the most widely used personality frameworks which has no hard evidence as valid measure of personality.
  • 9. The big five model extroversion A personality dimension describing someone who is sociable, gregarious, and assertive. agreeableness A personality dimension that describes someone who is goodnatured, cooperative, and trusting. openness to experience A personality dimension that characterizes someone in terms of imaginativeness, artistic, sensiti vity, and intellectualism.
  • 10. the big five model cont’d concscientiousness A personality dimension that describes someone who is responsible, dependable, p ersistent, and organized. emotional stability A personality dimension that characterizes someone as calm, selfconfident, secure (positive) versus nervous, depressed, and insecure (negative).
  • 11. Major personality attributes affecting o.b.  Locus of control  Machiavellianism  Self-esteem  Self-monitoring  Propensity for risk-taking  Type A / Type B personality
  • 12. Locus of control The degree to which people believe they are masters of their own fate. internals Individuals who believe that they control what happens to them. externals Individuals who believe that what happens to them is controlled by outside forces such as luck or chance.
  • 13. Self-esteem Individuals’ degree of liking or disliking themselves. machiavellianism  Named after Niccolo Machiavelli.  A personality characteristic indicating one’s willingness to do whatever it takes to get one’s way.  Degree to which an individual is pragmatic, maintains emotional distance, and believes that ends can justify means. Self-monitoring A personality trait that measures an individual’s ability to adjust his or her behavior to external, situational factors.
  • 14. Risk-taking high risk-taking managers low risk-taking managers  Make quicker decisions  Are slower to make decisions.  Use less information to make decisions  Require more information before making decisions.  Operate in smaller and more entrepreneurial organisations.  Exist in larger organisations with stable environments.
  • 15. “type a” personality Type A’s:  Are always moving, walking, and eating rapidly  Feel impatient with the rate at which most events take place  Strive to think or do two or more things at once  Cannot cope with leisure time  Are obsessed with numbers, measuring their success in terms of how many or how much of everything they acquire
  • 16. “type b” personality Type B’s:  Never suffer from a sense of time urgency with its accompanying impatience  Feel no need to display or discuss either their achievements or accomplishments unless such exposure is demanded by the situation  Play for fun and relaxation, rather than to exhibit their superiority at any cost  Can relax without guilt
  • 17. Personality assessment How does one measure another’s personality? Methods include:  Interviews and observation  Projective personality tests  Objective personality tests
  • 18. What exactly shapes us? "It's amazing how little ability we have to shape the lives of our children. You do what you can, but their personalities are predominantly formed by the times they live in, their friends, and other influences. Parenting is sort of like pulling back the lever of a pinball machine, and just letting the ball fly."
  • 19. REFERENCES  http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2009/mar/07/personalitytest  http://www.scribd.com/doc/103544522/2/Machiavellianism  www.psychologytoday.com/basics/personality  www.apa.org › Psychology Topics  psychology.about.com › Education › Psychology › Personality  Facebook page: “Humans of New York” https://www.facebook.com/humansofnewyork?fref=ts  http://personality-testing.info/tests/16PF.php