Potassium is a soft silvery-white metal that was discovered in 1807. It reacts violently with water and air, burning with a lilac flame. Potassium is found dissolved in seawater and minerals and its compounds have high solubility in water, making them useful for industrial chemicals like soaps. Potassium ions are essential for living cells to function properly.
1. 19
K
Potasio-Potassium
MASS: 39.10 u
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1
MELTING POINT: 336.53K
BOILING POINT: 1032K
DENSITY: 0.862 g·cm−3
DISCOVERY: 1807 (Humphry Davy)
Elemental potassium is a soft silvery-white alkali-metal that oxidizes
rapidly in air and is very reactive with water, generating sufficient heat to
ignite the hydrogen emitted in the reaction and burning with a lilac flame.
Potassium in nature occurs only in ionic salts. As such, it is found dissolved in
seawater , and is part of many minerals.
Most industrial chemical applications of potassium employ the relatively
high solubility in water of potassium compounds, such as potassium soaps.
Potassium metal has only a few special applications. Potassium ions are
necessary for the function of all living cells.