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Presentation skills (for sharing)

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Miriam Pananaliksik
Miriam Pananaliksik

The document provides guidance on preparing and delivering an effective oral presentation. It recommends selecting a clear topic and purpose, analyzing your audience, gathering and organizing relevant ideas into a structured outline or presentation, practicing your delivery, and ending on a positive note to summarize key messages. Nonverbal communication and vocal delivery techniques are also addressed, such as maintaining good posture, speaking clearly, and limiting distracting mannerisms. The overall message is that thorough preparation and practice are essential to delivering a confident and engaging presentation.

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Select a topic and a clear purpose - Brainstorm a list of topics that you know and care about. Choose 1 topic from the list. If topic is too broad, narrow it down by brainstorming again. Try brainstorming questions your audience might have.
Determine your purpose: to inform/teach or persuade/convince. Write it down as a purpose statement and try to make it more specific:  I want to teach my audience how to make a very good oral presentation by breaking the process down into easy steps
Analyze your audience and keep their needs in mind as you design your talk. Find out who they are or the type of people they are. Determine their attitude to the topic and to you (positive/negative) Estimate their knowledge about the topic (novice______expert)
Gather ideas on your topic to meet your audience's needs and your purpose. Research in the library and in the Internet. Be sure to acknowledge your sources. Interview experts on the topic. Share your relevant experiences.
Organize your ideas in chunks of information (main points) Categorize and label ideas Develop a few main points relating to your purpose (3-5) Map or outline your ideas in a hierarchy (tree)
Prepare your presentation and outline Develop points orally or in point form on paper Write out your introduction and conclusion. Intro should create interest, reveal topic, and preview main points.  Conclusion sums up by repeating main points and suggesting implications or action for the audience
Strategies for Beginning a Presentation Story/anecdote Rhetorical question Joke Starting fact Overview of session Recap previous session and link to yours
Which one to use? Relevant Consistent with overall purpose of presentation Comfort zone
ELEMENTS OF A GOOD PRESENTOR Self-management Voice Posture Language
Rapport with participants Encourage learning listening; acknowledging Respect for the individual Genuine concern for the participants’ learning needs
Content and process management Knowledge of the subject matter Preparation; resourcefulness Quick-thinking Balancing depth/breadth of scope; time; learning capacity
NON-VERBALS/ BODY LANGUAGE Posture Stand erect, relaxed, with weight on both feet Avoid leaning and slouching Standing on one foot or on your heels or feet wide apart may be received negatively
POSITIVE BODY SIGNALS Stillness of hands and feet Open palm gestures Leaning forward but chest out Standing comfortably Angling the body in the direction of the person
NEGATIVE BODY SIGNALS Nervous mannerisms Playing with objects and personal effects Affectations Drawing attention to your sexuality Pointing at people Touching the face
VOICE SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES OF VOICE WORKS Use diaphragmatic and abdominal control Focus Keep your pitch low Keep your cheeks up; mouth widened a bit
CARE FOR YOUR VOICE Avoid cold liquids or drinks with caffeine Avoid mints or food with sugar Avoid food and drinks with lactose
“ Turn offs” Using clichés Sermonizing/patronizing the audience Lengthy presentations Offensive humor or remarks Being unprepared Distractive mannerisms
LANGUAGE Use common language/dialect * Technical terms * Acronyms * Idioms; slang * High-sounding words Caution on offending words/illustrations
POINTERS FOR USING VISUALS Talk to the audience. Ensure everyone can see visuals. Dim lights for slides. Turn off/cover slide when talking about a topic not on the slide.
POINTERS FOR VISUAL AIDS Needed in the topic Easy to read and understand Be prepared to go without technology support. Keep it simple
SLIDE PRESENTATION POINTERS Know your topic. Use key phrases about your topic. Limit the number of slides Lay-out of slide should be easy to the eyes. Avoid fancy fonts.
Use contrasting colors for text and background. Use a standard template design for consistency. Use animations, transitions, sound effects sparingly.
ENDING THE PRESENTATION Summarize, synthesize. Go back to your objectives. Reinforce key messages. End on a positive note. X Whimper toward the end. X Fizzle out. X Fade. X Lose energy.
CONCLUSION  Good preparation makes you confident and results in a good talk, so prepare your talk and then practice your delivery: choose a topic and get started early determine a clear purpose and plan to fulfill it know your audience and keep them in mind as you gather ideas and organize them into clear, separate points rehearse your talk often using a speech outline (DON'T READ IT)
Good preparation and practice will reduce your anxiety. Reference: http://learning.concordia.ca/Help/handouts/ Oral%20Presentations/How_to_Prepare.shtml
 

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Presentation skills (for sharing)

  • 1.  
  • 2. Select a topic and a clear purpose - Brainstorm a list of topics that you know and care about. Choose 1 topic from the list. If topic is too broad, narrow it down by brainstorming again. Try brainstorming questions your audience might have.
  • 3. Determine your purpose: to inform/teach or persuade/convince. Write it down as a purpose statement and try to make it more specific:  I want to teach my audience how to make a very good oral presentation by breaking the process down into easy steps
  • 4. Analyze your audience and keep their needs in mind as you design your talk. Find out who they are or the type of people they are. Determine their attitude to the topic and to you (positive/negative) Estimate their knowledge about the topic (novice______expert)
  • 5. Gather ideas on your topic to meet your audience's needs and your purpose. Research in the library and in the Internet. Be sure to acknowledge your sources. Interview experts on the topic. Share your relevant experiences.
  • 6. Organize your ideas in chunks of information (main points) Categorize and label ideas Develop a few main points relating to your purpose (3-5) Map or outline your ideas in a hierarchy (tree)
  • 7. Prepare your presentation and outline Develop points orally or in point form on paper Write out your introduction and conclusion. Intro should create interest, reveal topic, and preview main points.  Conclusion sums up by repeating main points and suggesting implications or action for the audience
  • 8. Strategies for Beginning a Presentation Story/anecdote Rhetorical question Joke Starting fact Overview of session Recap previous session and link to yours
  • 9. Which one to use? Relevant Consistent with overall purpose of presentation Comfort zone
  • 10. ELEMENTS OF A GOOD PRESENTOR Self-management Voice Posture Language
  • 11. Rapport with participants Encourage learning listening; acknowledging Respect for the individual Genuine concern for the participants’ learning needs
  • 12. Content and process management Knowledge of the subject matter Preparation; resourcefulness Quick-thinking Balancing depth/breadth of scope; time; learning capacity
  • 13. NON-VERBALS/ BODY LANGUAGE Posture Stand erect, relaxed, with weight on both feet Avoid leaning and slouching Standing on one foot or on your heels or feet wide apart may be received negatively
  • 14. POSITIVE BODY SIGNALS Stillness of hands and feet Open palm gestures Leaning forward but chest out Standing comfortably Angling the body in the direction of the person
  • 15. NEGATIVE BODY SIGNALS Nervous mannerisms Playing with objects and personal effects Affectations Drawing attention to your sexuality Pointing at people Touching the face
  • 16. VOICE SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES OF VOICE WORKS Use diaphragmatic and abdominal control Focus Keep your pitch low Keep your cheeks up; mouth widened a bit
  • 17. CARE FOR YOUR VOICE Avoid cold liquids or drinks with caffeine Avoid mints or food with sugar Avoid food and drinks with lactose
  • 18. “ Turn offs” Using clichés Sermonizing/patronizing the audience Lengthy presentations Offensive humor or remarks Being unprepared Distractive mannerisms
  • 19. LANGUAGE Use common language/dialect * Technical terms * Acronyms * Idioms; slang * High-sounding words Caution on offending words/illustrations
  • 20. POINTERS FOR USING VISUALS Talk to the audience. Ensure everyone can see visuals. Dim lights for slides. Turn off/cover slide when talking about a topic not on the slide.
  • 21. POINTERS FOR VISUAL AIDS Needed in the topic Easy to read and understand Be prepared to go without technology support. Keep it simple
  • 22. SLIDE PRESENTATION POINTERS Know your topic. Use key phrases about your topic. Limit the number of slides Lay-out of slide should be easy to the eyes. Avoid fancy fonts.
  • 23. Use contrasting colors for text and background. Use a standard template design for consistency. Use animations, transitions, sound effects sparingly.
  • 24. ENDING THE PRESENTATION Summarize, synthesize. Go back to your objectives. Reinforce key messages. End on a positive note. X Whimper toward the end. X Fizzle out. X Fade. X Lose energy.
  • 25. CONCLUSION  Good preparation makes you confident and results in a good talk, so prepare your talk and then practice your delivery: choose a topic and get started early determine a clear purpose and plan to fulfill it know your audience and keep them in mind as you gather ideas and organize them into clear, separate points rehearse your talk often using a speech outline (DON'T READ IT)
  • 26. Good preparation and practice will reduce your anxiety. Reference: http://learning.concordia.ca/Help/handouts/ Oral%20Presentations/How_to_Prepare.shtml
  • 27.