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Lesson 17 defining terms in the study

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This document discusses defining terms in research studies. It provides principles for writing definitions of terms, such as focusing on what something is rather than how it is used. There are two types of operational definitions: experimental definitions that describe how a term's reference is manipulated, and measured definitions that describe how referents of a term are measured. Operational definitions make the research methodology clear, help ensure good communication, and specify how terms are used. Examples are provided of defining commitment, leadership, and organizational effectiveness for a research study.

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DEFINING TERMS IN THE STUDY LESSON 17
DEFINITION OF TERMS Definition of key terms will help clarify the purpose and direction of the study being conducted.
PRINCIPLES IN WRITING DEFINITION OF TERMS 1. Make sure that in the definition, you focus on what something is, not just what its effects it is used for. 2. Extend the definition so that it exactly covers what you want the reader to understand. This may mean that you will expand the dictionary definition. 3. It is helpful to supplement a definition, where appropriate, to clarify further the meaning of the term.
PRINCIPLES IN WRITING DEFINITION OF TERMS 4. You are advised not to invent a definition for any term which has already a clear ad accepted definition in place. However the term should be defined as used in the study or research or within the content being discussed. 5. Once you establish a definition, do not change its meaning in the middle of the article or the paper.
Understanding Operational Definitions An operational definition refers to a specific definition of a concept in a research study. It defines a concept solely in terms of the operations used to produce and measure it. Operational definitions help researchers communicate about their concepts.
Two Types of Operational Definitions A. Experimental operational definition which describes how a term’s reference is manipulated. ◦Example: Chocolate cake will be described based on the recipe to make it. B. Measured operational definition which describes how referents of a term are measured. Example: Chocolate cake will consist of the description of the flavor, texture, appearance and other properties of the cake.
Two Types of Operational Definitions A. Experimental operational definition which describes how a term’s reference is manipulated. ◦Example: Chocolate cake will be described based on the recipe to make it. B. Measured operational definition which describes how referents of a term are measured. Example: Chocolate cake will consist of the description of the flavor, texture, appearance and other properties of the cake.
Another way of Classifying Operational Definitions 1. Manipulating operational definition ◦ “Short class” –one lasting less than 50 minutes. ◦ “Long Class” –one lasting more than 50 minutes. 2. Measurement operational definition “short class” –one ending before squirming begins. “Long Class” –one still in session when ½ class is squirming or looking out of the window.
Advantages of Operational Definitions 1. Make research methodology used clear to the reader. 2. Combine statements to things, either directly or indirectly, observable example is empirical. 3. Help assure good communication by specifying how terms are used.
Example The dictionary definition of the term illegal immigration is “the migration of people across national borders in a way that violates the immigration laws of the destined country”. (Merriam –Webster’s , 1993). In this paper, the term illegal immigration is used to mean “ non-residents who enter a country without an acceptable passport or visa.
Example of Definition of Terms Commitment is the involvement of faculty and administrator to achieve the Vision and Mission of the organization. In this study, it is exhibited by an employee who takes pride in his/her organization and shows a desire to remain in the organization. It is measured by Organizational Effectiveness Rating Scale, Sec. C. nos. 1-12.
Example of Definition of Terms Leadership refers to the process of transforming followers, creating, visions of the goals they may obtain and articulating the ways to attain these goals or interpersonal relation in which others comply because they want, not because they have to. In this study, leadership was measured in terms of the administrators supervisory skills, personal qualities and conflict management. In this study, this was measured by the Organizational Effectiveness Rating Scale (OERS) Section A, nos. 1-12.
Example of Definition of Terms Organizational Effectiveness refers to the degree to which the organization/ institution is accomplishing all its major task or achieving all its objectives. The term also refers to the ability of the organization to mobilize its centers of power for action, production and adaptation. In this study, it is measured by four indicators namely; Leadership and Management Style, Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment and LET performance.

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Lesson 17 defining terms in the study

  • 1. DEFINING TERMS IN THE STUDY LESSON 17
  • 2. DEFINITION OF TERMS Definition of key terms will help clarify the purpose and direction of the study being conducted.
  • 3. PRINCIPLES IN WRITING DEFINITION OF TERMS 1. Make sure that in the definition, you focus on what something is, not just what its effects it is used for. 2. Extend the definition so that it exactly covers what you want the reader to understand. This may mean that you will expand the dictionary definition. 3. It is helpful to supplement a definition, where appropriate, to clarify further the meaning of the term.
  • 4. PRINCIPLES IN WRITING DEFINITION OF TERMS 4. You are advised not to invent a definition for any term which has already a clear ad accepted definition in place. However the term should be defined as used in the study or research or within the content being discussed. 5. Once you establish a definition, do not change its meaning in the middle of the article or the paper.
  • 5. Understanding Operational Definitions An operational definition refers to a specific definition of a concept in a research study. It defines a concept solely in terms of the operations used to produce and measure it. Operational definitions help researchers communicate about their concepts.
  • 6. Two Types of Operational Definitions A. Experimental operational definition which describes how a term’s reference is manipulated. ◦Example: Chocolate cake will be described based on the recipe to make it. B. Measured operational definition which describes how referents of a term are measured. Example: Chocolate cake will consist of the description of the flavor, texture, appearance and other properties of the cake.
  • 7. Two Types of Operational Definitions A. Experimental operational definition which describes how a term’s reference is manipulated. ◦Example: Chocolate cake will be described based on the recipe to make it. B. Measured operational definition which describes how referents of a term are measured. Example: Chocolate cake will consist of the description of the flavor, texture, appearance and other properties of the cake.
  • 8. Another way of Classifying Operational Definitions 1. Manipulating operational definition ◦ “Short class” –one lasting less than 50 minutes. ◦ “Long Class” –one lasting more than 50 minutes. 2. Measurement operational definition “short class” –one ending before squirming begins. “Long Class” –one still in session when ½ class is squirming or looking out of the window.
  • 9. Advantages of Operational Definitions 1. Make research methodology used clear to the reader. 2. Combine statements to things, either directly or indirectly, observable example is empirical. 3. Help assure good communication by specifying how terms are used.
  • 10. Example The dictionary definition of the term illegal immigration is “the migration of people across national borders in a way that violates the immigration laws of the destined country”. (Merriam –Webster’s , 1993). In this paper, the term illegal immigration is used to mean “ non-residents who enter a country without an acceptable passport or visa.
  • 11. Example of Definition of Terms Commitment is the involvement of faculty and administrator to achieve the Vision and Mission of the organization. In this study, it is exhibited by an employee who takes pride in his/her organization and shows a desire to remain in the organization. It is measured by Organizational Effectiveness Rating Scale, Sec. C. nos. 1-12.
  • 12. Example of Definition of Terms Leadership refers to the process of transforming followers, creating, visions of the goals they may obtain and articulating the ways to attain these goals or interpersonal relation in which others comply because they want, not because they have to. In this study, leadership was measured in terms of the administrators supervisory skills, personal qualities and conflict management. In this study, this was measured by the Organizational Effectiveness Rating Scale (OERS) Section A, nos. 1-12.
  • 13. Example of Definition of Terms Organizational Effectiveness refers to the degree to which the organization/ institution is accomplishing all its major task or achieving all its objectives. The term also refers to the ability of the organization to mobilize its centers of power for action, production and adaptation. In this study, it is measured by four indicators namely; Leadership and Management Style, Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment and LET performance.