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Git hormones

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This document summarizes several gastrointestinal hormones: - Gastrin is produced by the pyloric mucosa and stimulates secretion of hydrochloric acid (HCl) by the stomach. - Cholecystokinin is formed in the small intestine and stimulates pancreas to secrete pancreatic juice rich in bicarbonate as well as bile and intestinal juices. - Secretin is a peptide hormone secreted by the duodenum that stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice.

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M.Prasad Naidu MSc Medical Biochemistry, Ph.D.Research Scholar

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 Produced by the pyloric mucosa  Secretion of gastrin is stimulated by the proteins present in food or HCl  gastrin is absorbed into the blood and is carried to the fundic cells, causing them to secrete HCl actively.  Gastrin stimulates the gastric glands to pour out more gastric juice.  Gastrin is hexa peptide (mol.wt 2100)  It dialyzes through a membrane & has a PI 5.5

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 The 1st compound to be designated as hor  Formed by the upper intestinal mucosa  Liberated by HCl present in the acid chyme (semi fluid material present in stomach).  It is carried by the blood to pancreas which it stimulates the flow of P.juice rich in HCO3-.  Also stimulates the secretion of bile and intestinal juices.  Obtained in a crystalline form—PP or 27 AAs mol wt 3056.

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 Also secreted by up part of S. intestine.  Stimulates the contraction of gall bladder  CCK is a PP – 33AAs– 3883  Enterogastrone:- present in Duo.mucosa  Secretion is stimulated by FAT ↓ gastric secretion & motility of stomach.

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 PP hormone (33AAs)  Stimulates secretion of P.juice  The secretion of PZ is stimulated in the presence of peptone, casein, dextrin, maltose, lactose, saline water & dist.water  It is thermostable & not destroyed by acid but is destroyed by alkali  CCK and PZ are thought to be similar hence, represented as CCK-PZ.

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 enterokinin:- isolated from intstinal mucosa and controls the intestinal secretion.  EK vol & enzyme conc.of succus entericus.↑  Proteinacious in nature & stimulates the secretion of both fluid and enzymes by the intestinal mucosa.  Hepatocrinin:- it is related to EK and is believed to stimulate the secretion of dilute, low-salt type of bile juice.

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 Duicrinin:- controls the secretion of Brunner’s glands which are located in the submucosa of the upper duodenum.  Villikinin:- secreted by inte.mucosa  Stimulates the movements of the I.villi and hence accelerates intestinal absorption.  Parotin:- protein hormone  Stimulates calcification of teeth & decreases the conc.of Ca content of blood  Increases the P level of the serum.

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Git hormones

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Git hormones

  • 1. M.Prasad Naidu MSc Medical Biochemistry, Ph.D.Research Scholar
  • 2.  Produced by the pyloric mucosa  Secretion of gastrin is stimulated by the proteins present in food or HCl  gastrin is absorbed into the blood and is carried to the fundic cells, causing them to secrete HCl actively.  Gastrin stimulates the gastric glands to pour out more gastric juice.  Gastrin is hexa peptide (mol.wt 2100)  It dialyzes through a membrane & has a PI 5.5
  • 3.  The 1st compound to be designated as hor  Formed by the upper intestinal mucosa  Liberated by HCl present in the acid chyme (semi fluid material present in stomach).  It is carried by the blood to pancreas which it stimulates the flow of P.juice rich in HCO3-.  Also stimulates the secretion of bile and intestinal juices.  Obtained in a crystalline form—PP or 27 AAs mol wt 3056.
  • 4.  Also secreted by up part of S. intestine.  Stimulates the contraction of gall bladder  CCK is a PP – 33AAs– 3883  Enterogastrone:- present in Duo.mucosa  Secretion is stimulated by FAT ↓ gastric secretion & motility of stomach.
  • 5.  PP hormone (33AAs)  Stimulates secretion of P.juice  The secretion of PZ is stimulated in the presence of peptone, casein, dextrin, maltose, lactose, saline water & dist.water  It is thermostable & not destroyed by acid but is destroyed by alkali  CCK and PZ are thought to be similar hence, represented as CCK-PZ.
  • 6.  enterokinin:- isolated from intstinal mucosa and controls the intestinal secretion.  EK vol & enzyme conc.of succus entericus.↑  Proteinacious in nature & stimulates the secretion of both fluid and enzymes by the intestinal mucosa.  Hepatocrinin:- it is related to EK and is believed to stimulate the secretion of dilute, low-salt type of bile juice.
  • 7.  Duicrinin:- controls the secretion of Brunner’s glands which are located in the submucosa of the upper duodenum.  Villikinin:- secreted by inte.mucosa  Stimulates the movements of the I.villi and hence accelerates intestinal absorption.  Parotin:- protein hormone  Stimulates calcification of teeth & decreases the conc.of Ca content of blood  Increases the P level of the serum.