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Plan 9のお話

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Ryousei Takano
Ryousei Takano

Rob Pike discusses Plan 9, an operating system developed at Bell Labs as the successor to UNIX. Some key points of Plan 9 include its use of /proc instead of /dev for I/O, its distributed file system design with everything treated as a file, and its emphasis on concurrency through lightweight processes and message passing. Plan 9 aims to improve on UNIX with a more unified and simplified design.

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oraccha@Plan9 2010 2 10
• Plan 9 OS • • Plan 9 • Plan 9 (@go_vm )
Plan 9 UNIX OS Phil Winterbottom Dave Presotto Dennis Ritchie Rob Pike 1995
Plan 9 UNIX OS Phil Winterbottom Jim McKie Dave Presotto Dennis Ritchie Rob Pike 1995 2004
Plan 9 Google • Rob Pike Ken Thompson Russ Cox Google Plan 10 Plan 9 Plan 11? Google OS http://undergoogle.com/tools/GoogleMasterPlanEN.html
Gopher Glen and Glenda Illustrated by Renée French
Plan 9 “Not only is UNIX dead, it’s starting to smell really bad.” -- Rob Pike, 1991
UNIX Plan 9 “the most dangerous enemy of a better solution is an existing codebase that is just good enough” -- Eric Raymond, “The art of UNIX Programming” Linux Plan 9 @IT (2009)
UNIX • proc • • • rfork clone • • • UTF-8
OS Plan 9 ! =@ DAHAIE@AJ MHIJ=JEI H 2+I ?=A@ JAHE=I E 2= ' JAHECO .ECKHA IDMIJDA=HH=CAAJ 6AH 1JAHAJ 6AH 6AH 6AH WS or PC /=JAM=O -JDAHAJ WORM jukebox .EA +27 +27 .EA /=JAM=O .EAHAJMH ,=J=EJ SMP 6AH 6AH 6AH Rob Pike, “Plan 9 from Bell Labs” (1995) +27 IAHLAHI =@ BEA IAHLAHI ID=HA B=IJ ?==HA=
Plan 9 • • 9P •
• • open-read-write-close
... UNIX UNIX • GUI • X MIT • • UCB
• UNIX O /dev/tty, /proc X network interface, X window system • Plan 9 O /dev/cons, /proc, network interface, rio window system, http, ftp, environment variable X
• /dev/screen • /dev/window /dev/wsys/*/window •
rio • /dev/^(cons mouse window) app. app. rio read /dev/mouse app. User read /dev/mouse Kernel #s #m
/net • net ether0 tcp udp cs dns 0 1 clone stats ctl data err listen local remote status
/net/tcp • /net/tcp/N • ctl • data • /net/tcp/clone % lc /net/tcp 0 1 10 ... clone stats % lc /net/tcp/0 ctl data err listen local remote status
echo terminal 1: % cat /net/tcp/clone open(“/net/tcp/clone”) open 5 (“/net/tcp/*/ctl”) % cat /net/tcp/clone connect 192.168.182.130!7 terminal 2: % cat /net/tcp/5/data % echo hoge /net/tcp/5/data echo
echo • listen UNIX inetd • stdio % aux/listen1 -t tcp!*!7 /bin/service/tcp7 % cat /bin/service/tcp7 #!/bin/rc /bin/cat
tcpdump #!/bin/rc clonefile=/net/ether0/clone [4] $clonefile { netdir=`{basename -d $clonefile} ^ / ^ `{cat /fd/4} echo connect -1 $netdir/ctl || exit 'cannot connect' cat $netdir/data | xd -u -x2 }
API • open-read-write-close Plan 9 ioctl • BSD •
echo int fd, n; char *name; name = netmkaddr(“plan9.bell-labs.com”, “tcp”, “echo”); “204.178.31.2!echo fd = dial(name, 0, 0, 0); : n = write(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)); read(1, buf, n);
echo int acfd, lcfd, dfd, n; char adir[40], ldir[40] /net/tcp/5 acfd = announce(tcp!*!7, adir); for (;;) { /net/tcp/6 lcfd = listen(adir, ldir); switch (fork()) { UNIX case 0: dfd = accept(lcfd, ldir); while ((n = read(dfd, buf, sizeof(buf))) 0) write(dfd, buf, n); exits(0); } }
BSD Plan 9 BSD socket dial active open fd socket announce passive open fd dial connect active open - bind announce listen listen/accept accept reject close - shutdown
UNIX I/O Plan 9 • •
Plan 9 • • +fossil • Go Plan 9 wiki! http://plan9.bell-labs.com/wiki/plan9/
• i386 AMD64 ARM PowerPC ... • KVM QEMU Virtual Box VMWare Xen lguest •
UNIX Plan 9 • Plan9port • Plan 9 UNIX • 9vx • a.out • Plan 9 • Glandix • Linux
drawterm • UNIX Plan 9 CPU • /mnt/term mount
• kencc: ANSI C • acme: • acid: • APE: POSIX
kencc: compiler assembler loader SPARC kc ka kl Power PC qc qa ql MIPS (BE) vc va vl MIPS (LE) 0c 0a 0l Motorola 68000 1c 1a 1l Motorola 68020 2c 2a 2l ARM (LE) 5c 5a 5l AMD64 Intel 960 6c 6a 6l DEC Alpha 7c 7a 7l Intel 386 8c 8a 8l AMD 29000 9c 9a 9l
acme:
man emacs(1) EMACS(1) NAME emacs - editor macros SYNOPSIS emacs [ options ] DESCRIPTION This page intentionally left blank. SOURCE MIT SEE ALSO sam(1), vi(1) BUGS Yes.
Hello, World! % cat hello.c #include u.h #include libc.h void main() { print(“Hello, World!n”); exits(nil); } % 8c hello.c % 8l -o hello hello.8 % hello
% cat hello.c #include u.h #include libc.h void main() { print(“Hello, World!n”); exits(nil); } % 8c hello.c % 8l -o hello hello.8 % hello
ANSI C/POSIX % cat hello.c #include u.h #include libc.h void main() { print(“Hello, World!n”); exits(nil); } % 8c hello.c % 8l -o hello hello.8 % hello
% cat hello.c #include u.h #include libc.h void main() include/libc.h: { 1: #pragma lib “libc.a” print(“Hello, World!n”); 2: #pragma src “/sys/src/libc” exits(nil); } % 8c hello.c % 8l -o hello hello.8 % hello
./hello % cat hello.c #include u.h #include libc.h void main() { print(“Hello, World!n”); exits(nil); } % 8c hello.c % 8l -o hello hello.8 % hello
% ls /env '*' boottime 'fn#sigexit' pid terminal 0 cflag font prompt timezone NPROC cputype fs rcname user apid ether0 home rootdir wctl auth facedom ifs service wsys bootargs fileserver objtype status bootfile 'fn#cpu%' path sysname % cat /env/path ./bin
• /bin % ns | grep /bin bind /386/bin /bin bind -a /rc/bin /bin bind -a /usr/oraccha/bin/rc /bin bind -a /usr/oraccha/bin/386 /bin ※Linux aufs unionfs
• % foo foo 151: suicide: sys: trap: page fault pc=0x00001025 % ps | grep foo glenda 151 0:00 0:00 8K Broken foo • acid(1) % acid 151 /proc/151/text: 386 plan 9 executable : acid: stk() • /proc import
FAQ • • • Ctrl-C • UNIX • OS • • create • •
Plan 9 An army of Glendas take over IBM’s Blue Gene!!
• 2/23 VM IIJ • Plan 9 • 3 Plug 9 @ Plan 9
Plan9 http://d.hatena.ne.jp/oraccha/ @glenda9p
Plan 9 “Narrowness of experience leads to narrowness of imagination..” -- Rob Pike, “Systems Software Research is Irrelevant”, 2000

More Related Content

Plan 9のお話

  • 2. • Plan 9 OS • • Plan 9 • Plan 9 (@go_vm )
  • 3. Plan 9 UNIX OS Phil Winterbottom Dave Presotto Dennis Ritchie Rob Pike 1995
  • 4. Plan 9 UNIX OS Phil Winterbottom Jim McKie Dave Presotto Dennis Ritchie Rob Pike 1995 2004
  • 5. Plan 9 Google • Rob Pike Ken Thompson Russ Cox Google Plan 10 Plan 9 Plan 11? Google OS http://undergoogle.com/tools/GoogleMasterPlanEN.html
  • 6. Gopher Glen and Glenda Illustrated by Renée French
  • 7. Plan 9 “Not only is UNIX dead, it’s starting to smell really bad.” -- Rob Pike, 1991
  • 8. UNIX Plan 9 “the most dangerous enemy of a better solution is an existing codebase that is just good enough” -- Eric Raymond, “The art of UNIX Programming” Linux Plan 9 @IT (2009)
  • 9. UNIX • proc • • • rfork clone • • • UTF-8
  • 10. OS Plan 9 ! =@ DAHAIE@AJ MHIJ=JEI H 2+I ?=A@ JAHE=I E 2= ' JAHECO .ECKHA IDMIJDA=HH=CAAJ 6AH 1JAHAJ 6AH 6AH 6AH WS or PC /=JAM=O -JDAHAJ WORM jukebox .EA +27 +27 .EA /=JAM=O .EAHAJMH ,=J=EJ SMP 6AH 6AH 6AH Rob Pike, “Plan 9 from Bell Labs” (1995) +27 IAHLAHI =@ BEA IAHLAHI ID=HA B=IJ ?==HA=
  • 11. Plan 9 • • 9P •
  • 12. • • open-read-write-close
  • 13. ... UNIX UNIX • GUI • X MIT • • UCB
  • 14. • UNIX O /dev/tty, /proc X network interface, X window system • Plan 9 O /dev/cons, /proc, network interface, rio window system, http, ftp, environment variable X
  • 15. • /dev/screen • /dev/window /dev/wsys/*/window •
  • 16. rio • /dev/^(cons mouse window) app. app. rio read /dev/mouse app. User read /dev/mouse Kernel #s #m
  • 17. /net • net ether0 tcp udp cs dns 0 1 clone stats ctl data err listen local remote status
  • 18. /net/tcp • /net/tcp/N • ctl • data • /net/tcp/clone % lc /net/tcp 0 1 10 ... clone stats % lc /net/tcp/0 ctl data err listen local remote status
  • 19. echo terminal 1: % cat /net/tcp/clone open(“/net/tcp/clone”) open 5 (“/net/tcp/*/ctl”) % cat /net/tcp/clone connect 192.168.182.130!7 terminal 2: % cat /net/tcp/5/data % echo hoge /net/tcp/5/data echo
  • 20. echo • listen UNIX inetd • stdio % aux/listen1 -t tcp!*!7 /bin/service/tcp7 % cat /bin/service/tcp7 #!/bin/rc /bin/cat
  • 21. tcpdump #!/bin/rc clonefile=/net/ether0/clone [4] $clonefile { netdir=`{basename -d $clonefile} ^ / ^ `{cat /fd/4} echo connect -1 $netdir/ctl || exit 'cannot connect' cat $netdir/data | xd -u -x2 }
  • 22. API • open-read-write-close Plan 9 ioctl • BSD •
  • 23. echo int fd, n; char *name; name = netmkaddr(“plan9.bell-labs.com”, “tcp”, “echo”); “204.178.31.2!echo fd = dial(name, 0, 0, 0); : n = write(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)); read(1, buf, n);
  • 24. echo int acfd, lcfd, dfd, n; char adir[40], ldir[40] /net/tcp/5 acfd = announce(tcp!*!7, adir); for (;;) { /net/tcp/6 lcfd = listen(adir, ldir); switch (fork()) { UNIX case 0: dfd = accept(lcfd, ldir); while ((n = read(dfd, buf, sizeof(buf))) 0) write(dfd, buf, n); exits(0); } }
  • 25. BSD Plan 9 BSD socket dial active open fd socket announce passive open fd dial connect active open - bind announce listen listen/accept accept reject close - shutdown
  • 26. UNIX I/O Plan 9 • •
  • 27. Plan 9 • • +fossil • Go Plan 9 wiki! http://plan9.bell-labs.com/wiki/plan9/
  • 28. • i386 AMD64 ARM PowerPC ... • KVM QEMU Virtual Box VMWare Xen lguest •
  • 29. UNIX Plan 9 • Plan9port • Plan 9 UNIX • 9vx • a.out • Plan 9 • Glandix • Linux
  • 30. drawterm • UNIX Plan 9 CPU • /mnt/term mount
  • 31. • kencc: ANSI C • acme: • acid: • APE: POSIX
  • 32. kencc: compiler assembler loader SPARC kc ka kl Power PC qc qa ql MIPS (BE) vc va vl MIPS (LE) 0c 0a 0l Motorola 68000 1c 1a 1l Motorola 68020 2c 2a 2l ARM (LE) 5c 5a 5l AMD64 Intel 960 6c 6a 6l DEC Alpha 7c 7a 7l Intel 386 8c 8a 8l AMD 29000 9c 9a 9l
  • 33. acme:
  • 34. man emacs(1) EMACS(1) NAME emacs - editor macros SYNOPSIS emacs [ options ] DESCRIPTION This page intentionally left blank. SOURCE MIT SEE ALSO sam(1), vi(1) BUGS Yes.
  • 35. Hello, World! % cat hello.c #include u.h #include libc.h void main() { print(“Hello, World!n”); exits(nil); } % 8c hello.c % 8l -o hello hello.8 % hello
  • 36. % cat hello.c #include u.h #include libc.h void main() { print(“Hello, World!n”); exits(nil); } % 8c hello.c % 8l -o hello hello.8 % hello
  • 37. ANSI C/POSIX % cat hello.c #include u.h #include libc.h void main() { print(“Hello, World!n”); exits(nil); } % 8c hello.c % 8l -o hello hello.8 % hello
  • 38. % cat hello.c #include u.h #include libc.h void main() include/libc.h: { 1: #pragma lib “libc.a” print(“Hello, World!n”); 2: #pragma src “/sys/src/libc” exits(nil); } % 8c hello.c % 8l -o hello hello.8 % hello
  • 39. ./hello % cat hello.c #include u.h #include libc.h void main() { print(“Hello, World!n”); exits(nil); } % 8c hello.c % 8l -o hello hello.8 % hello
  • 40. % ls /env '*' boottime 'fn#sigexit' pid terminal 0 cflag font prompt timezone NPROC cputype fs rcname user apid ether0 home rootdir wctl auth facedom ifs service wsys bootargs fileserver objtype status bootfile 'fn#cpu%' path sysname % cat /env/path ./bin
  • 41. • /bin % ns | grep /bin bind /386/bin /bin bind -a /rc/bin /bin bind -a /usr/oraccha/bin/rc /bin bind -a /usr/oraccha/bin/386 /bin ※Linux aufs unionfs
  • 42. • % foo foo 151: suicide: sys: trap: page fault pc=0x00001025 % ps | grep foo glenda 151 0:00 0:00 8K Broken foo • acid(1) % acid 151 /proc/151/text: 386 plan 9 executable : acid: stk() • /proc import
  • 43. FAQ • • • Ctrl-C • UNIX • OS • • create • •
  • 44. Plan 9 An army of Glendas take over IBM’s Blue Gene!!
  • 45. • 2/23 VM IIJ • Plan 9 • 3 Plug 9 @ Plan 9
  • 46. Plan9 http://d.hatena.ne.jp/oraccha/ @glenda9p
  • 47. Plan 9 “Narrowness of experience leads to narrowness of imagination..” -- Rob Pike, “Systems Software Research is Irrelevant”, 2000