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10. adjuvants

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Alam Zeb

This document provides definitions and descriptions of various types of adjuvants that can be added to pesticide mixtures. It defines polar vs non-polar compounds and ionic vs non-ionic compounds. It then describes different types of adjuvants including surfactants, wetting agents, penetrants, spreaders, stickers, drift control agents, and pattern indicators. The purpose of adjuvants is to modify the behavior and effectiveness of pesticides by changing properties like how evenly they spread, how well they penetrate surfaces, their ability to form films or adhere to surfaces, and reducing drift.

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Adjuvants An overview of the adjuvants in use in Region 8. BY Ali Rehman Afridi
Adjuvants Any material added to a pesticide mixture to modify its behavior; includes wetting agents, spreader stickers, other surfactants, penetrants, and drift control agents
Adjuvants – some definitions Polar vs. non-polar Polar compounds are compounds which have, due to their structure, have a definite imbalance in charge – resulting in a positive and a negatively charged end - + Polar bear?
Adjuvants – some definitions Polar vs. non-polar Non-polar compounds are compounds which have evenly distributed charge throughout their molecules
Adjuvants – some definitions R + - Polar Non-polar
Adjuvants – some definitions Polar vs. non-polar Polarity in a chemical aids in spreading the chemical over a polar surface or in penetrating one
Adjuvants – some definitions Ionic vs. non-ionic In solution ionic molecules separate into positively and negatively charged subparts (ions) while non-ionic molecules do not
Adjuvants – some definitions Ionic vs. non-ionic R + - Ions from an ionic compound Non-ionic molecule
Adjuvants – some definitions Ionic vs. non-ionic Ions from an ionic compound can interfere with the activity of a polar or an ionic pesticide while non-ionic compounds do not
Adjuvants
Surfactant Any material added to a pesticide formulation which is designed to modify the surface characteristics of the target organism
Surfactants
Wetting Agent Any material added to a pesticide mixture which serves to make the surface “wetter” so as to allow more rapid spread of the pesticide on the target – often called a ‘spreader’ Without wetting agent With a wetting agent
Wetting agents
Penetrant Any material which modifies the target surface in a way which allows more rapid penetration of the surface of the organism by the pesticidal formulation
Penetrants Mineral oil Napthenic oil Diesel oil
Penetrants Vegetable oil Organic silicone
Penetrants Products designed to create invert emulsions (oil in water)
Spreader Any material added to a pesticide formulation which improves the formulations ability to rapidly form a film on the target surface – generally interchanged with “wetting agent”
Sticker Any material added to a formulated pesticide which improves the ability of the pesticide to adhere to the target surface
Stickers
Drift Control Agent Materials added to a mixture to increase the size of droplets and decrease the tendency of the pesticide to drift off- target
Drift control agents
Materials added to a formulation which marks a treated stem so that later identification of those treated vs. not treated is simplified  Dyes in either amine or ester formulations are the most common pattern indicators
Pattern indicators

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10. adjuvants

  • 1. Adjuvants An overview of the adjuvants in use in Region 8. BY Ali Rehman Afridi
  • 2. Adjuvants Any material added to a pesticide mixture to modify its behavior; includes wetting agents, spreader stickers, other surfactants, penetrants, and drift control agents
  • 3. Adjuvants – some definitions Polar vs. non-polar Polar compounds are compounds which have, due to their structure, have a definite imbalance in charge – resulting in a positive and a negatively charged end - + Polar bear?
  • 4. Adjuvants – some definitions Polar vs. non-polar Non-polar compounds are compounds which have evenly distributed charge throughout their molecules
  • 5. Adjuvants – some definitions R + - Polar Non-polar
  • 6. Adjuvants – some definitions Polar vs. non-polar Polarity in a chemical aids in spreading the chemical over a polar surface or in penetrating one
  • 7. Adjuvants – some definitions Ionic vs. non-ionic In solution ionic molecules separate into positively and negatively charged subparts (ions) while non-ionic molecules do not
  • 8. Adjuvants – some definitions Ionic vs. non-ionic R + - Ions from an ionic compound Non-ionic molecule
  • 9. Adjuvants – some definitions Ionic vs. non-ionic Ions from an ionic compound can interfere with the activity of a polar or an ionic pesticide while non-ionic compounds do not
  • 11. Surfactant Any material added to a pesticide formulation which is designed to modify the surface characteristics of the target organism
  • 13. Wetting Agent Any material added to a pesticide mixture which serves to make the surface “wetter” so as to allow more rapid spread of the pesticide on the target – often called a ‘spreader’ Without wetting agent With a wetting agent
  • 15. Penetrant Any material which modifies the target surface in a way which allows more rapid penetration of the surface of the organism by the pesticidal formulation
  • 18. Penetrants Products designed to create invert emulsions (oil in water)
  • 19. Spreader Any material added to a pesticide formulation which improves the formulations ability to rapidly form a film on the target surface – generally interchanged with “wetting agent”
  • 20. Sticker Any material added to a formulated pesticide which improves the ability of the pesticide to adhere to the target surface
  • 22. Drift Control Agent Materials added to a mixture to increase the size of droplets and decrease the tendency of the pesticide to drift off- target
  • 24. Materials added to a formulation which marks a treated stem so that later identification of those treated vs. not treated is simplified  Dyes in either amine or ester formulations are the most common pattern indicators