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10.1 The Mole powerpoint.ppt

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This document discusses the mole, which is a unit used to measure amounts of substances. It defines key terms related to the mole, such as Avogadro's number and molar mass. The mole allows chemists to convert between the number of particles and mass of a substance. The document explains how subscripts in chemical formulas indicate the number of atoms of each element in one molecular formula unit and in one mole of a compound. It provides an example problem calculating the number of oxygen atoms in a given number of moles of aspirin.

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1 Chapter 10 Chemical Quantities 10.2 The Mole Copyright ยฉ 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Section 10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter ๏‚ข OBJECTIVES: ๏ฌDescribe methods of measuring the amount of something.
Section 10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter ๏‚ข OBJECTIVES: ๏ฌDefine Avogadroโ€™s number as it relates to a mole of a substance.
Section 10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter ๏‚ข OBJECTIVES: ๏ฌDistinguish between the atomic mass of an element and its molar mass.
Section 10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter ๏‚ข OBJECTIVES: ๏ฌDescribe how the mass of a mole of a compound is calculated.
6 Collection Terms A collection term states a specific number of items. โ€ข 1 dozen donuts = 12 donuts โ€ข 1 ream of paper = 500 sheets โ€ข 1 case = 24 cans Copyright ยฉ 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
7 A mole (mol) is a collection that contains โ€ข The same number of particles as there are carbon atoms in 12.01 g of carbon. โ€ข 6.022 x 1023 atoms of an element (Avogadroโ€™s number). 1 mol C = 6.022 x 1023 C atoms 1 mol CO2 = 6.022 x 1023 CO2 molecules 1 mol NaCl = 6.022 x 1023 NaCl formula units A Mole of Particles
8 Samples of One Mole Quantities Table 6.1 Copyright ยฉ 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
9 Using Avogadroโ€™s Number Avogadroโ€™s number โ€ข Converts moles of a substance to the number of particles. โ€ข Converts particles of a substance to moles. Copyright ยฉ 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
10 Subscripts and Moles The subscripts in a formula state โ€ข The relationship of atoms in the formula. โ€ข The moles of each element in 1 mol of compound. Glucose C6H12O6 In 1 molecule: 6 atoms C 12 atoms H 6 atoms O In 1 mol: 6 mol C 12 mol H 6 mol O
11 Subscripts State Atoms and Moles 1 mol C9H8O4 = 9 mol C 8 mol H 4 mol O Copyright ยฉ 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
12 Learning Check A. How many moles O are in 0.150 mol aspirin C9H8O4? B. How many O atoms are in 0.150 mol aspirin C9H8O4?
13 Solution A. How many mol O are in 0.150 mol aspirin C9H8O4? 0.150 mol C9H8O4 x 4 mol O = 0.600 mol O 1 mol C9H8O4 subscript factor B. How many O atoms are in 0.150 mol aspirin C9H8O4? 0.150 mol C9H8O4 x 4 mol O x 6.022 x 1023 O atoms 1 mol C9H8O4 1 mol O subscript Avogadroโ€™s factor Number = 3.61 x 1023 O atoms
14 Learning Check How many O atoms are in 0.150 mol aspirin C9H8O4?
15 Solution How many O atoms are in 0.150 mol aspirin C9H8O4? 0.150 mol C9H8O4 x 4 mol O x 6.022 x 1023 O atoms 1 mol C9H8O4 1 mol O subscript Avogadroโ€™s factor number = 3.61 x 1023 O atoms

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10.1 The Mole powerpoint.ppt

  • 1. 1 Chapter 10 Chemical Quantities 10.2 The Mole Copyright ยฉ 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
  • 2. Section 10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter ๏‚ข OBJECTIVES: ๏ฌDescribe methods of measuring the amount of something.
  • 3. Section 10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter ๏‚ข OBJECTIVES: ๏ฌDefine Avogadroโ€™s number as it relates to a mole of a substance.
  • 4. Section 10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter ๏‚ข OBJECTIVES: ๏ฌDistinguish between the atomic mass of an element and its molar mass.
  • 5. Section 10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter ๏‚ข OBJECTIVES: ๏ฌDescribe how the mass of a mole of a compound is calculated.
  • 6. 6 Collection Terms A collection term states a specific number of items. โ€ข 1 dozen donuts = 12 donuts โ€ข 1 ream of paper = 500 sheets โ€ข 1 case = 24 cans Copyright ยฉ 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
  • 7. 7 A mole (mol) is a collection that contains โ€ข The same number of particles as there are carbon atoms in 12.01 g of carbon. โ€ข 6.022 x 1023 atoms of an element (Avogadroโ€™s number). 1 mol C = 6.022 x 1023 C atoms 1 mol CO2 = 6.022 x 1023 CO2 molecules 1 mol NaCl = 6.022 x 1023 NaCl formula units A Mole of Particles
  • 8. 8 Samples of One Mole Quantities Table 6.1 Copyright ยฉ 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
  • 9. 9 Using Avogadroโ€™s Number Avogadroโ€™s number โ€ข Converts moles of a substance to the number of particles. โ€ข Converts particles of a substance to moles. Copyright ยฉ 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
  • 10. 10 Subscripts and Moles The subscripts in a formula state โ€ข The relationship of atoms in the formula. โ€ข The moles of each element in 1 mol of compound. Glucose C6H12O6 In 1 molecule: 6 atoms C 12 atoms H 6 atoms O In 1 mol: 6 mol C 12 mol H 6 mol O
  • 11. 11 Subscripts State Atoms and Moles 1 mol C9H8O4 = 9 mol C 8 mol H 4 mol O Copyright ยฉ 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings
  • 12. 12 Learning Check A. How many moles O are in 0.150 mol aspirin C9H8O4? B. How many O atoms are in 0.150 mol aspirin C9H8O4?
  • 13. 13 Solution A. How many mol O are in 0.150 mol aspirin C9H8O4? 0.150 mol C9H8O4 x 4 mol O = 0.600 mol O 1 mol C9H8O4 subscript factor B. How many O atoms are in 0.150 mol aspirin C9H8O4? 0.150 mol C9H8O4 x 4 mol O x 6.022 x 1023 O atoms 1 mol C9H8O4 1 mol O subscript Avogadroโ€™s factor Number = 3.61 x 1023 O atoms
  • 14. 14 Learning Check How many O atoms are in 0.150 mol aspirin C9H8O4?
  • 15. 15 Solution How many O atoms are in 0.150 mol aspirin C9H8O4? 0.150 mol C9H8O4 x 4 mol O x 6.022 x 1023 O atoms 1 mol C9H8O4 1 mol O subscript Avogadroโ€™s factor number = 3.61 x 1023 O atoms