2009 Innova Mod.0.01
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This document provides an introduction to the concepts of innovation and entrepreneurship. It defines innovation and distinguishes it from invention. It outlines different types of innovations including product, process, business model innovations. It discusses sources of innovation such as industries, universities, and startups. It also outlines the objectives of the "Innovation & Entrepreneurship" course which aims to provide an industrial and strategic context for managing technological innovation.
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2009 Innova Mod.0.01
- 1. Innovazione & Imprenditorialità Definizione di Innovazione – tipologie di innovazioni Modulo 0.01 1
- 2. Citazione raccomandata Se non altrimenti citato, il materiale è tratto dal corso: MIT OpenCourseWare | Sloan School of Management | 15.351 Managing Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Spring 2008 Prof. Fiona Murray, course materials for 15. 351 Managing Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Spring 2008, MIT OpenCourseWare (http://ocw.mit.edu), Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Downloaded on 24 January 2009. 2
- 3. Contenuti ! Definizione di Innovazione; Innovazione ! Introduzione al corso “Innovazione & Imprenditorialità” 3
- 4. Definizione di Invenzione e Innovazione Invention: An object, process, or technique which displays an element of novelty. Innovation (Classic definitions - Wikipedia) include: the act of introducing something new: something quot; newly introduced (The American Heritage Dictionary). the successful exploitation of new ideas quot; (Department of Trade and Industry, UK). a creative idea that is realized (Frans Johansson, quot; Harvard Business School Press, 2004) 4
- 5. Definizioni di Innovazione Innovazione: “mezzo per produrre, assimilare e sfruttare con successo la novità nei settori economici e sociale” (UE,COM 2003,112, Bruxelles, 11.3.2003). Innovazione: “il rinnovo e l’ampliamento della gamma dei prodotti e dei servizi, nonché dei mercati ad essi associati; l’attuazione di nuovi metodi di produzione, d’approvvigionamento e di distribuzione, l’introduzione di mutamenti nella gestione nell’organizzazione e nelle condizioni di lavoro nonché nelle qualifiche dei lavoratori” (Successiva definizione UE). 5
- 6. Innovazione_Definizione 2 Innovation is a breakthrough approach or idea that can be completely new or an enhancement to something that already exists; it is a refreshing perspective that will challenge many who just cannot see beyond what their own experience is telling them to think or do. Innovazione è qualcosa di nuovo che aggiunge valore; creatività è qualcosa di nuovo. Fonte: Dr.V.S.R.Krishnaiah, Sr.Technical Director, NIC, “Managing Innovation” 6
- 7. Innovazioni Indotte ! Innovations respond to need and economic conditions. Inventors, investors, and researchers put effort into solving burning problems, and that leads to innovations. • Labor shortages led to mechanized equipment. • Drought conditions led to improved irrigation. • Energy crises led to higher efficiency cars. • Farmers’ cooperatives were established during periods of excessive low farm prices. ! Environmental regulations trigger cleaner technologies (es. Supply Chain Verde). 7
- 8. Fonte dell’Innovazione The “functional” source of innovation depends upon the functional relationship between innovator and innovation: quot; An Innovation is anything new that is actually used (“enters the marketplace”) – whether major or minor. quot; An innovation is a USER innovation when the developer expects to benefit by USING it; quot; An innovation is a MANUFACTURER innovation when the developer expects to benefit by SELLING it. 8
- 9. Tipi di Innovatori ! In the past most innovations were introduced by practitioners. Even now practitioners are important innovators. They identify a way to meet needs. ! The scientific discoveries of the late 19th century gave rise to science-based innovations (Edison, Bell, Marconi). ! Major companies (IBM, Sony, Bell, Kodak, GM) built their own research labs. ! Public sector labs made important environmental discoveries. ! Universities and start-up companies are becoming major sources of new innovations. ! The ownership of a technology and leadership in its applications move between organizations over time. 9
- 10. Che cosa fanno gli Innovatori ! Collegano l’incollegabile ! Sognano, Sognano, Sognano ! Vedono oltre ciò che è visibile ! Aspettano l’inaspettabile ! Gradiscono le contraddizioni, rifuggono dalla coerenza ! Memento: Gli esperimenti non falliscono mai, la mente/ le idee sì. Fonte: Dr.V.S.R.Krishnaiah, Sr.Technical Director, NIC, “Managing Innovation” 10
- 11. Divisione del Lavoro ! Basic research: Gain more comprehensive knowledge or understanding of the subject under study, without specific applications in mind. Conventionally conducted by universities. ! Applied research: Apply knowledge. Often conducted by industries. ! Educational-industrial complex: University research has led to the creation of new firms and even industries, brought old ones down, and, in general, profoundly impacted rates of innovation in the larger economy. 11
- 12. La “vera” Innovazione ! La vera Innovazione inizia all’intersezione tra invenzione e intuito ! Fonde nuovi sviluppi e nuovi approcci per risolvere problemi reali ! Genera significativo valore per la società o il business: Crea nuove industrie ! Sprona produttività e crescita economica ! Alimenta creazione di benessere e profitti ! Genera lavori ad alto-valore ! Alza gli standard di vita ! Stephen W.Brian, GPE, IBM Asia Pacific, 2004 12
- 13. Categorie di Innovazione Wheelem & Hunger 2008 Categorie di Innovazione Nuove 3 4 Sviluppo nuove Cambiamento Organizzative Capacità Rivoluzionario Capacità 1 2 Miglioramento Sfruttare Van- Core Business taggi Strategici Esistenti Limitato Illimitato Ambito Strategico 13
- 14. L’Innovazione che conta Innovazione di Prodotto Innovazione di Servizio Innovazione di Prodotto Innovazione di Servizio Innovazione nei processi di Business Innovazione nei processi di Business Innovazione nel modello di Business Innovazione nel modello di Business Innovazione nei processi di management e nella cultura az.le Innovazione nei processi di management e nella cultura az.le Innovazione nella infrastruttura ICT Innovazione nella infrastruttura ICT Innovazione nella gestione del Capitale Umano Innovazione nella gestione del Capitale Umano 14
- 15. Expanding the Innovation Horizon To create something of value, the imagination must soar, unfettered, it must fly like a bird in search of new horizons. 15
- 16. How to be an Innovative Organization • Create a Strategic Vision • Establish Innovation as a Priority • Create Organizational Structures that Promote Collaboration • Establish Processes to Convert Ideas to Innovations • Allocate Resources • Train Workforce on Creativity Tools • Measure & Communicate Results • Recognize Creative Behavior • Reward Innovative Results Fonte: Dr.V.S.R.Krishnaiah, Sr.Technical Director, NIC, “Managing Innovation” 16
- 17. Innovazione Tecnologica Innovation is the entire process by which an organization generates creative new technological ideas (invention) and converts them into novel, useful and viable commercial products, services, and business practices for (potential) economic gain (A Working Definition) Who Cares? Top managers & entrepreneurs -“competitive advantage quot; lies in the ability to create an economy driven not by cost efficiencies but by ideas and intellectual know-how”(HBR 2007) National Leaders -“economic growth comes from quot; effectively linking the twin powers of the competitive market & the scientific method”(Romer, 2004) 17
- 18. The key innovation challenges (BCG Survey 2006) 18
- 19. Obiettivi del Corso “Innovazione & Imprenditorialità” Provide the industrial & strategic context for managing technological innovation (Introduzione) Analyze the foundations you need to design & build teams, organizations & strategies that are more effective at technological innovation (MODULES 1-3) Focus on how these challenges arise in established firms facing “disruption”(MODULE 4) Provide knowledge & skills to go into a firm and diagnoseits innovation challenges & to organize your own innovative projects (iTeams, eLab, 100k) 19
- 20. Organizzazione del corso “Innovazione & Imprenditorialità” 20