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3 - Food Systems-Maria Emilia Undurraga.pdf

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The 13th OECD Rural Development Conference was held in Cavan, Ireland on 28-30 September 2022 under the theme "Building Sustainable, Resilient and Thriving Rural Places". These are the presentations from the Pre-conference session "Exploring the Opportunities for Rural Development when taking a FoodSystem view on Agricultural Policy". For more information visit https://www.oecd.org/rural/rural-development-conference/.

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EXPLORING THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT WHEN TAKING A FOOD- SYSTEM-VIEW ON AGRICULTURAL POLICY In a Food Crisis context MARÍA EMILIA UNDURRAGA Research Professor San Sebastián University, Chile RURAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE 2022

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CONTEXT FOOD CRISIS

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CONTEXT FOOD CRISIS 3 FAO Food Price Index Fuente: FAO 02.09.22

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4 Fuente: FAO 02.09.22 FAO Food Price Index CONTEXT FOOD CRISIS

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AVAILABILITY STABILITY ACCESS NUTRITION • Incomes • Imports / exports • Internal production • Distribution and logistics FOOD SECURITY

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WHEAT 26% CORN 15% RICE 10% FOOD SECURITY AVAILABILITY Exports / Total production 25,9% of the food produced in the world is internationally traded (value of production) Fuente: Elaboración propia con FAOSTAT 6

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Fuente: S.K. Lowder, M.V. Sánchez and R. Bertini, 2021 36% of food globally is produced by smallholders. FOOD SECURITY AVAILABILITY Who produces the food? 7

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FOOD SECURITY ACCESS Food inflation 2022 8 Fuente: Centro de Políticas Públicas USS Chile con datos de Trading Economics de julio 2022.

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FOOD SECURITY ACCESS Spending on food Fuente: Centro de Políticas Públicas USS Chile con datos de USDA. 9

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27% 26% 23% 20% 13% I II III IV V SPENDING ON FOOD BY QUINTILE IN CHILE In Chile, the average expenditure on food is 18% of the family budget. Fuente: Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas (INE), VIII Encuesta de Presupuestos Familiares (EPF). FOOD SECURITY ACCESS Spending on food in Chile 10

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Increased food insecurity and hunger in the world, reaching 830 million people. Hunger has increased by 150 million people since the start of the COVID 19 pandemic. 11 Fuente: FAO 2022 FOOD SECURITY

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12 Fuente: FAO 2022 FOOD SECURITY FAO Food Insecurity map

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20% increase in food demand by 2030. We will have less water, less soil, but more technology. 13 FOOD SECURITY SDG

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OPPORTUNITIES FOOD SYSTEM VIEW ON AGRICULTURAL POLICIES In the context of a food crisis, we have a great opportunity to connect the agricultural production with the main outcome: feeding people, understanding the needed policies to support the hole chain including rural development Economy Health Environment Society Science and Technology Politics PRODUCTION PROCESS DISTRIBUTION COMMERCIALIZATION ACQUISITION PREPARATION CONSUMPTION WASTE 14

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We have an opportunity to connect food security with rural development and climate change

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OPPORTUNITIES FOOD SYSTEM VIEW ON AGRICULTURAL POLICIES Start with the inclusion of the whole system representative for food security and rural development policies, with a special leadership of local authorities, sharing the story and focusing on outcomes 16 FOTO DEL COMITÉ DE SEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA FOTO DEL CONSEJO DE DESARROLLO RURAL

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1. This historical food crisis that has increased the world hunger, has pressured countries and the international organizations, to face this problem and think about solutions, which is a great opportunity for rural areas 2. Food prices are highly sensitive to uncertainty (internal and international), conflicts, small shocks, and political signals have medium-term consequences, affecting the poorest countries and families. 3. We must adopt a food system view on agricultural policies and integrate rural development and climate change policies. 4. We must reflect on the role of each actor as well as international organizations in reducing hunger, promoting rural development and facing climate change. 17 CONCLUSIONS

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THANKS MARÍA EMILIA UNDURRAGA Research Professor San Sebastián University, Chile RURAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE 2022

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3 - Food Systems-Maria Emilia Undurraga.pdf

  • 1. EXPLORING THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT WHEN TAKING A FOOD- SYSTEM-VIEW ON AGRICULTURAL POLICY In a Food Crisis context MARÍA EMILIA UNDURRAGA Research Professor San Sebastián University, Chile RURAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE 2022
  • 3. CONTEXT FOOD CRISIS 3 FAO Food Price Index Fuente: FAO 02.09.22
  • 4. 4 Fuente: FAO 02.09.22 FAO Food Price Index CONTEXT FOOD CRISIS
  • 5. AVAILABILITY STABILITY ACCESS NUTRITION • Incomes • Imports / exports • Internal production • Distribution and logistics FOOD SECURITY
  • 6. WHEAT 26% CORN 15% RICE 10% FOOD SECURITY AVAILABILITY Exports / Total production 25,9% of the food produced in the world is internationally traded (value of production) Fuente: Elaboración propia con FAOSTAT 6
  • 7. Fuente: S.K. Lowder, M.V. Sánchez and R. Bertini, 2021 36% of food globally is produced by smallholders. FOOD SECURITY AVAILABILITY Who produces the food? 7
  • 8. FOOD SECURITY ACCESS Food inflation 2022 8 Fuente: Centro de Políticas Públicas USS Chile con datos de Trading Economics de julio 2022.
  • 9. FOOD SECURITY ACCESS Spending on food Fuente: Centro de Políticas Públicas USS Chile con datos de USDA. 9
  • 10. 27% 26% 23% 20% 13% I II III IV V SPENDING ON FOOD BY QUINTILE IN CHILE In Chile, the average expenditure on food is 18% of the family budget. Fuente: Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas (INE), VIII Encuesta de Presupuestos Familiares (EPF). FOOD SECURITY ACCESS Spending on food in Chile 10
  • 11. Increased food insecurity and hunger in the world, reaching 830 million people. Hunger has increased by 150 million people since the start of the COVID 19 pandemic. 11 Fuente: FAO 2022 FOOD SECURITY
  • 12. 12 Fuente: FAO 2022 FOOD SECURITY FAO Food Insecurity map
  • 13. 20% increase in food demand by 2030. We will have less water, less soil, but more technology. 13 FOOD SECURITY SDG
  • 14. OPPORTUNITIES FOOD SYSTEM VIEW ON AGRICULTURAL POLICIES In the context of a food crisis, we have a great opportunity to connect the agricultural production with the main outcome: feeding people, understanding the needed policies to support the hole chain including rural development Economy Health Environment Society Science and Technology Politics PRODUCTION PROCESS DISTRIBUTION COMMERCIALIZATION ACQUISITION PREPARATION CONSUMPTION WASTE 14
  • 15. We have an opportunity to connect food security with rural development and climate change
  • 16. OPPORTUNITIES FOOD SYSTEM VIEW ON AGRICULTURAL POLICIES Start with the inclusion of the whole system representative for food security and rural development policies, with a special leadership of local authorities, sharing the story and focusing on outcomes 16 FOTO DEL COMITÉ DE SEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA FOTO DEL CONSEJO DE DESARROLLO RURAL
  • 17. 1. This historical food crisis that has increased the world hunger, has pressured countries and the international organizations, to face this problem and think about solutions, which is a great opportunity for rural areas 2. Food prices are highly sensitive to uncertainty (internal and international), conflicts, small shocks, and political signals have medium-term consequences, affecting the poorest countries and families. 3. We must adopt a food system view on agricultural policies and integrate rural development and climate change policies. 4. We must reflect on the role of each actor as well as international organizations in reducing hunger, promoting rural development and facing climate change. 17 CONCLUSIONS
  • 18. THANKS MARÍA EMILIA UNDURRAGA Research Professor San Sebastián University, Chile RURAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE 2022