This document outlines various rights and duties of individuals, families, states, and the international community. It discusses rights related to life, religion, property, work, education, family, and more. It also discusses the relationship and balance between rights and duties. Rights can be natural, positive, moral, or legal, and are balanced with corresponding duties.
2. Rights
• legal, social, or ethical principles of freedom
or entitlement
• what is allowed of people or owed to people,
according to some legal system, social
convention, or ethical theory
• Effect or consequence of the law
3. Duties
• moral commitment to someone or something
• root idea of obligation to serve or give
something in return
• committed to the cause involve even if it
requires sacrifice
• restriction of free will through the prescription
of the law
• ought but not a must
4. Rights and Duties
• Correlative with each other
– If someone has a right, someone else have to the
duty to bestow it
• Rights and Duties are balanced there can be a
harmonious life
5. Division of Rights
• Law
– Natural - own of virtue in the conditions of nature
• Right to life, health, body, metal integrity
– Positive - conferred on person by ordinance of legitimate
authority
• Rights of labor and industry, right of inheritance and contracts
• Origin
– Connatural - right of man because of his nature as a person
• Right to marry, right of parents over children
– Acquired - right obtained through a mans specific actions
of his behalf
• Right to property, right to house or car
6. • Subject
– Public - right of private person against the state which end in common
good
• Right not to be condemned without due process of the law, right of unfair
confiscation
– Private - right of private person against private person which end in
individual good
• Right between employer and employee
• Connection with the subject
– Inalienable - cannot be transferred because it is necessary for the
fulfilment of mans purpose of being and essential duties
• Right to life , liberty of conscience
– Alienable - can be transferred because its not essential in human
nature
• Right to marry, free speech
7. • Connection to physical force
– Perfect – based on commutative justice that one may result to physical
force to exact it
• Right to the possession and use of one’s property
– Imperfect – based on virtue that one may resort to physical force to
exact it
• Right of a man to his wife affection, parent to the love of their children
• Relation to civil law
– Moral – based on moral laws
– Legal – enforced by civil authorities
• Object
– Real – entitles person power over his own possession
– Personal – entitles person power to exact something from another
person
8. Human Rights
• Individual
• Others to Family
• Others to its Domestic Affairs
• Others as a member of International
Community
9. The Rights of the Human Person
• The right to life and bodily integrity from the
moment of conception, regardless of physical or
mental condition, except in just punishment of
crime
• The right to serve and worship God in private and
in public
• The right to religious formation through
education and association
• The right to personal liberty under just law
• The right to the equal protection of just law
regardless of sex, nationality, color or creed
10. • The right of freedom of expression of information
and of communication in accordance with truth
and justice
• The right to choose and freely maintain a state of
life, married or single, lay or religious
• The right to education suitable for the
maintenance and development of mans dignity as
a human person
• The right to petition the government for redress
or grievances
• The right to a nationality
11. • The right of access to the means of livelihood, by
migration when necessary
• The right of association and peaceable assembly
• The right to work and choose one’s occupation
• The right to personal ownership, use and disposal
of property, subject to the rights of others and to
limitations on the interest of the general welfare
• The right to a living wage
12. • The right to a collective bargaining
• The right to associate by industries and
professions to obtain economic justice and the
general welfare
• The right to assistance from society, if
necessary from the state, in distress of person
or family
13. The Rights Pertaining to the Family
• The right to marry, establish a home and
beget children
• The right to economic security sufficient for
the stability and independence of the family
• The right to the protection of maternity
• The right to educate children
• The right to maintain, if necessary by public
protection and assistance, adequate standards
of child welfare within the family circle.
14. • The right to assistance, through community
services in the education and care of the
children
• The right to housing adapted to the needs and
functions of family life
• The right to immunity of a home to search and
trespass
• The right to protection against immoral
conditions in the community
15. The Domestic Rights of State
• The right to enact just laws binding in conscience
• The right to establish courts of justice and to
enforce the observance of law with adequate
sanctions
• The right to demand of its citizens respect for the
right of minorities
• The right to tax by adequate and equitable means
in order to carry out its proper functions
• The right to exercise eminent domain when
demanded by the common welfare
16. • The right to require that its people receive and
education suitable for citizenship
• The right to defend itself against domestic violence
• The right to watch over, stimulate, restrain, and order
the private activities of individuals and groups in the
degree that is necessary for the common good
• The right to regulate operations of international
economic groups functioning within its own
boundaries
• The right to adopt in time of emergency special
measures necessary for the common good
17. The Rights of States in the
International Community
• The right to exist as a member of international community
and to be protected in its national life and integrity against
acts of aggression by any other state or states
• The right to independence in the determination of its own
domestic and foreign policies in accordance with the
principles of morality and subject to the obligations of
international law
• The right to juridical equality with other states in the family
of nations
• The right to membership in the organized international
community and to the benefits of international cooperation
• The right to the assistance of international community in
securing the fulfilment in the terms of a just treaty
18. • The right to obtain from the international community
redress of grievances arising from unjust treaties imposed
by force
• The right to the revision of treaties which are no longer in
accord with fundamental justice
• The right to recourse to the procedures of pacific
settlement established by the international community for
disputes which diplomatic negotiations have failed to settle
• The right to maintain political, economic and social
intercourse with other states upon equal terms
• The right to access, upon equal terms, to the markets and
raw materials of the world necessary for its own life as a
people
19. • The right to protect its own natural resources
and economic life from unjust exploitation
• The right to the assistance of the international
community in time of economic or social
distress
• The right to grant asylum to refugees from
injustice