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4. Generator Step Up Transformer

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Chinedu Isiadinso
Chinedu Isiadinso

The generator step-up transformer (GSU) increases the voltage from the power plant's generator before transmitting electricity long distances through transmission lines. It consists of coils of wire wrapped around an iron core that uses electromagnetic induction to "step up" the voltage. This higher voltage allows less energy to be lost during transmission to distant substations and consumers. At substations, the voltage is stepped down further for distribution to homes and businesses.

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CHARLES ISIADINSO GENERATOR STEP-UP TRANSFORMER (GSU) The generator is connected to the GSU via a generator circuit breaker, so the next stage in the electricity generation and transmission process is the GSU. After power has been generated, it needs to be transmitted from the plant to consumers. There are two steps from the plant to the consumers: 1. Power plant to electrical substation (power transmission) 2. High-voltage substations to consumers (power distribution) The role of a transformer is to modify the voltage of current coming into it, either by increasing it (stepping-up) or decreasing it (stepping-down), this is done using the law of electromagnetic induction. Voltage is usually stepped up from the power plant output voltage to the transmission line transmission voltage. And is stepped back down from the transmission voltage to a lower more manageable voltage at electrical substations and stepped down further before reaching the consumer. Power plant output has to be transmitted to the consumers, and one plant can be responsible for supplying hundreds of homes and businesses, hundreds of miles away, with electricity. This translates to a grid systems comprising of miles of cables connecting the plant to its consumers. Energy is lost when transmitting electricity over long distances; however, at higher voltages (greater than 120 kV) less energy is lost than at lower voltages, for this reason, the plant output voltage is stepped up before being transmitted. A transformer unit consists of: 1. Two sets of bushings, one insulate the conductors when they enter the generator the other set insulate when the conductors leave the generator
CHARLES ISIADINSO 2. Radiator fins/fans, which is responsible for cooling oil in the transformer 3. Conservator tank, which provides and environment for oil to expand on heating and contract on cooling, reducing waste 4. Three voltage transformers, which carry out the voltage step- up or down 5. Tap changer, which controls the amount of voltage change by reducing the number of effective loops in a layer of windings, and 6. Explosion vent, which protects the unit in the event of a major fault The voltage transformer is made up of a laminate steel core surrounded by two layers of conductor windings (usually copper wire), each with a different number of loops. The more loops in a winding, the higher the voltage of the current flowing through the winding. The voltage transformer is assembled with the core in the center, the winding layer with fewer loops (low voltage windings) at the end and then layer with more loops (high voltage windings), between the core and the low voltage windings. In a generator step- up transformer, current enters the generator through a conductor connected to the low voltage windings, induces a magnetic flux in the iron core, and this flux induces a current in the high voltage windings, which is connected to a conductor that connects to the transmission lines. The reverse is the case for a step-down transformer.
CHARLES ISIADINSO REFERENCE: 1. "Generator Step-up Transformers (GSU)." - Power Transformers. N.p., n.d. Web. [Accessed16 June 2014]. 2. "Transformer."Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 16 June 2014. Web. [Accessed16 June 2014]. 3. "Electromagnetic Induction." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 06 Oct. 2014. Web. [Accessed16 June 2014]. 4. "Electric Power Transmission."Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 15 June 2014. Web. [Accessed 16 June 2014].

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4. Generator Step Up Transformer

  • 1. CHARLES ISIADINSO GENERATOR STEP-UP TRANSFORMER (GSU) The generator is connected to the GSU via a generator circuit breaker, so the next stage in the electricity generation and transmission process is the GSU. After power has been generated, it needs to be transmitted from the plant to consumers. There are two steps from the plant to the consumers: 1. Power plant to electrical substation (power transmission) 2. High-voltage substations to consumers (power distribution) The role of a transformer is to modify the voltage of current coming into it, either by increasing it (stepping-up) or decreasing it (stepping-down), this is done using the law of electromagnetic induction. Voltage is usually stepped up from the power plant output voltage to the transmission line transmission voltage. And is stepped back down from the transmission voltage to a lower more manageable voltage at electrical substations and stepped down further before reaching the consumer. Power plant output has to be transmitted to the consumers, and one plant can be responsible for supplying hundreds of homes and businesses, hundreds of miles away, with electricity. This translates to a grid systems comprising of miles of cables connecting the plant to its consumers. Energy is lost when transmitting electricity over long distances; however, at higher voltages (greater than 120 kV) less energy is lost than at lower voltages, for this reason, the plant output voltage is stepped up before being transmitted. A transformer unit consists of: 1. Two sets of bushings, one insulate the conductors when they enter the generator the other set insulate when the conductors leave the generator
  • 2. CHARLES ISIADINSO 2. Radiator fins/fans, which is responsible for cooling oil in the transformer 3. Conservator tank, which provides and environment for oil to expand on heating and contract on cooling, reducing waste 4. Three voltage transformers, which carry out the voltage step- up or down 5. Tap changer, which controls the amount of voltage change by reducing the number of effective loops in a layer of windings, and 6. Explosion vent, which protects the unit in the event of a major fault The voltage transformer is made up of a laminate steel core surrounded by two layers of conductor windings (usually copper wire), each with a different number of loops. The more loops in a winding, the higher the voltage of the current flowing through the winding. The voltage transformer is assembled with the core in the center, the winding layer with fewer loops (low voltage windings) at the end and then layer with more loops (high voltage windings), between the core and the low voltage windings. In a generator step- up transformer, current enters the generator through a conductor connected to the low voltage windings, induces a magnetic flux in the iron core, and this flux induces a current in the high voltage windings, which is connected to a conductor that connects to the transmission lines. The reverse is the case for a step-down transformer.
  • 3. CHARLES ISIADINSO REFERENCE: 1. "Generator Step-up Transformers (GSU)." - Power Transformers. N.p., n.d. Web. [Accessed16 June 2014]. 2. "Transformer."Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 16 June 2014. Web. [Accessed16 June 2014]. 3. "Electromagnetic Induction." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 06 Oct. 2014. Web. [Accessed16 June 2014]. 4. "Electric Power Transmission."Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 15 June 2014. Web. [Accessed 16 June 2014].