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Agile by KD

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The document provides an overview of the Agile methodology known as Scrum. It defines Scrum as an Agile process that allows teams to focus on delivering high business value in short iterations called sprints. The document outlines the key components of Scrum, including roles like Product Owner and Scrum Master, ceremonies like sprint planning and daily stand-ups, and artifacts like the product and sprint backlogs. It also discusses how Scrum teams self-organize to complete sprint goals and deliver working software incrementally in each sprint.

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AGILE METHODOLOGY Prepared by Karl Dickman
PRESUMPTIONS The audience is well aware of traditional software development methodologies like Waterfall Model, Iterative models, etc.
AGENDA • Introduction • What is Agile Methodology? • What is Scrum? • History of Scrum • Functionality of Scrum • Components of Scrum  Scrum Roles  The Process  Scrum Artifacts • Scaling Scrum • Q & A Session
Classical methods of software development have many disadvantages:  huge effort during the planning phase  poor requirements conversion in a rapid changing environment  treatment of staff as a factor of production  New methods: Agile Software Development Methodology INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS AGILE ? • Agile proponents believe Current software development processes are too heavyweight or cumbersome Too many things are done that are not directly related to software product being produced • Current software development is too rigid Difficulty with incomplete or changing requirements Short development cycles (Internet applications) • More active customer involvement needed
• Agile methods are considered Lightweight People-based rather than Plan-based • Several agile methods No single agile method Scrum/Extreme Programming most popular • No single definition • Agile Manifesto closest to a definition Set of principles Developed by Agile Alliance
AGILE MANIFESTO A Statement of Values • Individuals and interactions over processes and tools • Working software over comprehensive documentation • Customer collaboration over contract negotiation • Responding to change over following a plan
AGILE METHODS • Agile methods: • Scrum • Extreme Programming • Adaptive Software Development (ASD) • Dynamic System Development Method (DSDM) • Agile Alliance (www.agilealliance.org) • A non-profit organization promotes agile development
SCRUM
SCRUM IN 100 WORDS Scrum is an agile process that allows us to focus on delivering the highest business value in the shortest time. It allows us to rapidly and repeatedly inspect actual working software (every two weeks to one month). The business sets the priorities. Our teams self-manage to determine the best way to deliver the highest priority features. Every two weeks to a month anyone can see real working software and decide to release it as is or continue to enhance for another iteration.
HISTORY OF SCRUM • 1995: • analysis of common software development processes  not suitable for empirical, unpredictable and non-repeatable processes • Design of a new method: Scrum by Jeff Sutherland & Ken Schwaber • Enhancement of Scrum by Mike Beedle & combination of Scrum with Extreme Programming • 1996: introduction of Scrum at OOPSLA conference • 2001: publication “Agile Software Development with Scrum” by Ken Schwaber & Mike Beedle Successful appliance of Scrum in over 50 companies Founders are members in the Agile Alliance
CHARACTERISTICS • Self-organizing teams • Product progresses in a series of month-long “sprints” • Requirements are captured as items in a list of “product backlog” • No specific engineering practices prescribed • Uses generative rules to create an agile environment for delivering projects • One of the “agile processes”
HOW SCRUM WORKS?
SPRINTS • Scrum projects make progress in a series of “sprints” • Analogous to XP iterations • Target duration is one month • +/- a week or two • But, a constant duration leads to a better rhythm • Product is designed, coded, and tested during the sprint
SEQUENTIAL VS. OVERLAPPING DEV. Requirements Design Code Test
NO CHANGES DURING THE SPRINT • Plan sprint durations around how long you can commit to keeping change out of the sprint SprintInputs Tested Code Change
SCRUM FRAMEWORK • Roles : Product Owner, ScrumMaster, Team • Ceremonies : Sprint Planning, Sprint Review, Sprint Retrospective, & Daily Scrum Meeting • Artifacts : Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog, and Burndown Chart
PRODUCT OWNER • Define the features of the product • Decide on release date and content • Be responsible for the profitability of the product (ROI) • Prioritize features according to market value • Adjust features and priority every iteration, as needed  • Accept or reject work results.
THE SCRUM MASTER • Represents management to the project • Responsible for enacting Scrum values and practices • Removes impediments • Ensure that the team is fully functional and productive • Enable close cooperation across all roles and functions • Shield the team from external interferences
SCRUM TEAM • Typically 5-10 people • Cross-functional QA, Programmers, UI Designers, etc. • Members should be full-time May be exceptions (e.g., System Admin, etc.) • Teams are self-organizing What to do if a team self-organizes someone off the team?? Ideally, no titles but rarely a possibility • Membership can change only between sprints
MEETINGS • Sprint Planning Meeting • Sprint • Daily Scrum • Sprint Review Meeting
SPRINT PLANNING MEETING Sprint Planning Meeting Product Backlog Team Capabilities Business Conditions Technology Current Product Sprint Backlog ProductO wner Scrum Team M anagem ent Custom ers Sprint Goal
PARTS OF SPRINT PLANNING MEETING • 1st Part: • Creating Product Backlog • Determining the Sprint Goal. • Participants: Product Owner, Scrum Master, Scrum Team • 2nd Part: • Participants: Scrum Master, Scrum Team • Creating Sprint Backlog
PRE-PROJECT/KICKOFF MEETING • A special form of Sprint Planning Meeting • Meeting before the begin of the Project
SPRINT • A month-long iteration, during which is incremented a product functionality • NO outside influence can interfere with the Scrum team during the Sprint • Each Sprint begins with the Daily Scrum Meeting
DAILY SCRUM • Parameters • Daily • 15-minutes • Stand-up • Not for problem solving • Three questions: 1.What did you do yesterday 2.What will you do today? 3.What obstacles/risks are in your way? • Only Scrum Team are invited • Help avoid other unnecessary meetings
DAILY SCRUM • Is a meeting in which team members make commitments to each other and to the Scrum Master • Is a good way for a Scrum Master to track the progress of the Team IS NOTIS • Is NOT a problem solving session • Is NOT a way to collect information about WHO is behind the schedule
SPRINT REVIEW MEETING • Team presents what it accomplished during the sprint • Typically takes the form of a demo of new features or underlying architecture • Informal • 2-hour prep time rule • Participants • Customers • Management • Product Owner • Other developers/engineers
SPRINT RETROSPECTIVE MEETING • Scrum Team only • Feedback meeting • Three questions Start Stop Continue • Don’t skip for the first 5-6 sprints!!!
PRODUCT BACKLOG • A list of all desired work on the project • Usually a combination of  story-based work (“let user search and replace”)  task-based work (“improve exception handling”) • List is prioritized by the Product Owner • Typically a Project Manager, Marketing, Internal Customer, etc.
PRODUCT BACKLOG • Requirements for a system, expressed as a prioritised list of Backlog Items • Is managed and owned by a Product Owner • Spreadsheet (typically) • Usually is created during the Sprint Planning Meeting • Can be changed and re-prioritised before each PM
SAMPLE PRODUCT BACKLOG
FROM SPRINT GOAL TO SPRINT BACKLOG • Scrum team takes the Sprint Goal and decides what tasks are necessary • Team self-organizes around how they’ll meet the Sprint Goal Line Manager doesn’t assign tasks to individuals, the Project Manager does. • Line Managers don’t make decisions for the team • Sprint Backlog is created
SPRINT BACKLOG DURING THE SPRINT • Changes Team adds new tasks whenever they need to in order to meet the Sprint Goal Team can remove unnecessary tasks But: Sprint Backlog can only be updated by the team • Estimates are updated whenever there’s new information
SPRINT BACKLOG • A subset of Product Backlog Items, which define the work for a Sprint • Is created ONLY by Team members • Each Item has it’s own status • Should be updated every day • No more than 300 tasks in the list • If a task requires more than 3 working days, it should be broken down • Team can add or subtract items from the list. Product Owner is not allowed to do it
SAMPLE SPRINT BACKLOG
SPRINT BURN DOWN CHART • Depicts the total Sprint Backlog hours remaining per day • Shows the estimated amount of time to release • Ideally should burn down to zero to the end of the Sprint • Actually is not a straight line • Can bump UP
INFORMATION RADIATOR "Two characteristics are key to a good information radiator. The first is that the information changes over time. This makes it worth a person's while to look at the display... The other characteristic is that it takes very little energy to view the display."
SPRINT BURNDOWN CHART Progress 752 762 664 619 304 264 180 104 200 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 5/3/2002 5/5/20025/7/2002 5/9/2002 5/11/2002 5/13/2002 5/15/2002 5/17/2002 5/19/2002 5/21/2002 5/23/2002 5/25/2002 5/27/2002 5/29/2002 5/31/2002 Date RemainingEffortinHours
RELEASE BURNDOWN CHART • Will the release be done on right time? • X-axis: sprints • Y-axis: amount of hours remaining • The estimated work remaining can also burn up
PRODUCT BURNDOWN CHART • Is a “big picture” view of project’s progress (all the releases)
PROS/CONS  Advantages  Completely developed and tested features in short iterations  Simplicity of the process  Clearly defined rules  Increasing productivity  Self-organizing  each team member carries a lot of responsibility  Improved communication  Combination with Extreme Programming  Drawbacks  “Undisciplined hacking” (no written documentation)  Violation of responsibility  Current mainly carried by the inventors
Thank You !!!

More Related Content

Agile by KD

  • 2. PRESUMPTIONS The audience is well aware of traditional software development methodologies like Waterfall Model, Iterative models, etc.
  • 3. AGENDA • Introduction • What is Agile Methodology? • What is Scrum? • History of Scrum • Functionality of Scrum • Components of Scrum  Scrum Roles  The Process  Scrum Artifacts • Scaling Scrum • Q & A Session
  • 4. Classical methods of software development have many disadvantages:  huge effort during the planning phase  poor requirements conversion in a rapid changing environment  treatment of staff as a factor of production  New methods: Agile Software Development Methodology INTRODUCTION
  • 5. WHAT IS AGILE ? • Agile proponents believe Current software development processes are too heavyweight or cumbersome Too many things are done that are not directly related to software product being produced • Current software development is too rigid Difficulty with incomplete or changing requirements Short development cycles (Internet applications) • More active customer involvement needed
  • 6. • Agile methods are considered Lightweight People-based rather than Plan-based • Several agile methods No single agile method Scrum/Extreme Programming most popular • No single definition • Agile Manifesto closest to a definition Set of principles Developed by Agile Alliance
  • 7. AGILE MANIFESTO A Statement of Values • Individuals and interactions over processes and tools • Working software over comprehensive documentation • Customer collaboration over contract negotiation • Responding to change over following a plan
  • 8. AGILE METHODS • Agile methods: • Scrum • Extreme Programming • Adaptive Software Development (ASD) • Dynamic System Development Method (DSDM) • Agile Alliance (www.agilealliance.org) • A non-profit organization promotes agile development
  • 10. SCRUM IN 100 WORDS Scrum is an agile process that allows us to focus on delivering the highest business value in the shortest time. It allows us to rapidly and repeatedly inspect actual working software (every two weeks to one month). The business sets the priorities. Our teams self-manage to determine the best way to deliver the highest priority features. Every two weeks to a month anyone can see real working software and decide to release it as is or continue to enhance for another iteration.
  • 11. HISTORY OF SCRUM • 1995: • analysis of common software development processes  not suitable for empirical, unpredictable and non-repeatable processes • Design of a new method: Scrum by Jeff Sutherland & Ken Schwaber • Enhancement of Scrum by Mike Beedle & combination of Scrum with Extreme Programming • 1996: introduction of Scrum at OOPSLA conference • 2001: publication “Agile Software Development with Scrum” by Ken Schwaber & Mike Beedle Successful appliance of Scrum in over 50 companies Founders are members in the Agile Alliance
  • 12. CHARACTERISTICS • Self-organizing teams • Product progresses in a series of month-long “sprints” • Requirements are captured as items in a list of “product backlog” • No specific engineering practices prescribed • Uses generative rules to create an agile environment for delivering projects • One of the “agile processes”
  • 14. SPRINTS • Scrum projects make progress in a series of “sprints” • Analogous to XP iterations • Target duration is one month • +/- a week or two • But, a constant duration leads to a better rhythm • Product is designed, coded, and tested during the sprint
  • 15. SEQUENTIAL VS. OVERLAPPING DEV. Requirements Design Code Test
  • 16. NO CHANGES DURING THE SPRINT • Plan sprint durations around how long you can commit to keeping change out of the sprint SprintInputs Tested Code Change
  • 17. SCRUM FRAMEWORK • Roles : Product Owner, ScrumMaster, Team • Ceremonies : Sprint Planning, Sprint Review, Sprint Retrospective, & Daily Scrum Meeting • Artifacts : Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog, and Burndown Chart
  • 18. PRODUCT OWNER • Define the features of the product • Decide on release date and content • Be responsible for the profitability of the product (ROI) • Prioritize features according to market value • Adjust features and priority every iteration, as needed  • Accept or reject work results.
  • 19. THE SCRUM MASTER • Represents management to the project • Responsible for enacting Scrum values and practices • Removes impediments • Ensure that the team is fully functional and productive • Enable close cooperation across all roles and functions • Shield the team from external interferences
  • 20. SCRUM TEAM • Typically 5-10 people • Cross-functional QA, Programmers, UI Designers, etc. • Members should be full-time May be exceptions (e.g., System Admin, etc.) • Teams are self-organizing What to do if a team self-organizes someone off the team?? Ideally, no titles but rarely a possibility • Membership can change only between sprints
  • 21. MEETINGS • Sprint Planning Meeting • Sprint • Daily Scrum • Sprint Review Meeting
  • 22. SPRINT PLANNING MEETING Sprint Planning Meeting Product Backlog Team Capabilities Business Conditions Technology Current Product Sprint Backlog ProductO wner Scrum Team M anagem ent Custom ers Sprint Goal
  • 23. PARTS OF SPRINT PLANNING MEETING • 1st Part: • Creating Product Backlog • Determining the Sprint Goal. • Participants: Product Owner, Scrum Master, Scrum Team • 2nd Part: • Participants: Scrum Master, Scrum Team • Creating Sprint Backlog
  • 24. PRE-PROJECT/KICKOFF MEETING • A special form of Sprint Planning Meeting • Meeting before the begin of the Project
  • 25. SPRINT • A month-long iteration, during which is incremented a product functionality • NO outside influence can interfere with the Scrum team during the Sprint • Each Sprint begins with the Daily Scrum Meeting
  • 26. DAILY SCRUM • Parameters • Daily • 15-minutes • Stand-up • Not for problem solving • Three questions: 1.What did you do yesterday 2.What will you do today? 3.What obstacles/risks are in your way? • Only Scrum Team are invited • Help avoid other unnecessary meetings
  • 27. DAILY SCRUM • Is a meeting in which team members make commitments to each other and to the Scrum Master • Is a good way for a Scrum Master to track the progress of the Team IS NOTIS • Is NOT a problem solving session • Is NOT a way to collect information about WHO is behind the schedule
  • 28. SPRINT REVIEW MEETING • Team presents what it accomplished during the sprint • Typically takes the form of a demo of new features or underlying architecture • Informal • 2-hour prep time rule • Participants • Customers • Management • Product Owner • Other developers/engineers
  • 29. SPRINT RETROSPECTIVE MEETING • Scrum Team only • Feedback meeting • Three questions Start Stop Continue • Don’t skip for the first 5-6 sprints!!!
  • 30. PRODUCT BACKLOG • A list of all desired work on the project • Usually a combination of  story-based work (“let user search and replace”)  task-based work (“improve exception handling”) • List is prioritized by the Product Owner • Typically a Project Manager, Marketing, Internal Customer, etc.
  • 31. PRODUCT BACKLOG • Requirements for a system, expressed as a prioritised list of Backlog Items • Is managed and owned by a Product Owner • Spreadsheet (typically) • Usually is created during the Sprint Planning Meeting • Can be changed and re-prioritised before each PM
  • 33. FROM SPRINT GOAL TO SPRINT BACKLOG • Scrum team takes the Sprint Goal and decides what tasks are necessary • Team self-organizes around how they’ll meet the Sprint Goal Line Manager doesn’t assign tasks to individuals, the Project Manager does. • Line Managers don’t make decisions for the team • Sprint Backlog is created
  • 34. SPRINT BACKLOG DURING THE SPRINT • Changes Team adds new tasks whenever they need to in order to meet the Sprint Goal Team can remove unnecessary tasks But: Sprint Backlog can only be updated by the team • Estimates are updated whenever there’s new information
  • 35. SPRINT BACKLOG • A subset of Product Backlog Items, which define the work for a Sprint • Is created ONLY by Team members • Each Item has it’s own status • Should be updated every day • No more than 300 tasks in the list • If a task requires more than 3 working days, it should be broken down • Team can add or subtract items from the list. Product Owner is not allowed to do it
  • 37. SPRINT BURN DOWN CHART • Depicts the total Sprint Backlog hours remaining per day • Shows the estimated amount of time to release • Ideally should burn down to zero to the end of the Sprint • Actually is not a straight line • Can bump UP
  • 38. INFORMATION RADIATOR "Two characteristics are key to a good information radiator. The first is that the information changes over time. This makes it worth a person's while to look at the display... The other characteristic is that it takes very little energy to view the display."
  • 39. SPRINT BURNDOWN CHART Progress 752 762 664 619 304 264 180 104 200 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 5/3/2002 5/5/20025/7/2002 5/9/2002 5/11/2002 5/13/2002 5/15/2002 5/17/2002 5/19/2002 5/21/2002 5/23/2002 5/25/2002 5/27/2002 5/29/2002 5/31/2002 Date RemainingEffortinHours
  • 40. RELEASE BURNDOWN CHART • Will the release be done on right time? • X-axis: sprints • Y-axis: amount of hours remaining • The estimated work remaining can also burn up
  • 41. PRODUCT BURNDOWN CHART • Is a “big picture” view of project’s progress (all the releases)
  • 42. PROS/CONS  Advantages  Completely developed and tested features in short iterations  Simplicity of the process  Clearly defined rules  Increasing productivity  Self-organizing  each team member carries a lot of responsibility  Improved communication  Combination with Extreme Programming  Drawbacks  “Undisciplined hacking” (no written documentation)  Violation of responsibility  Current mainly carried by the inventors