The document discusses air traffic control (ATC) principles and processes. It describes how ATC centers use radar, flight plan data processing, and other systems to monitor aircraft, ensure safe separation between flights, and manage airspace flow. It covers topics like radar tracking of aircraft, coordination between ATC sectors, surveillance technologies, and flight data exchange standards.
3. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
7. Summary The problem ATC principles Report points : Pilots Controller coordination : Controler Sectorisation : Air Spaces Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
10. Air Traffic Control process Flight Data Processing RADAR Data Processing transmitter Receiver RADAR + - Flight Plan
11. Summary The problem ATC principles Report points : Pilots Controller coordination : Controler Sectorisation : Air Spaces Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
15. Summary The problem ATC principles Report points : Pilots Controller coordination : Controler Sectorisation : Air Spaces Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
19. Sector and ATC centers Air Traffic Control Center
20. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
21. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Global View Before : Flight filling Departure During the flight Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
24. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Global View Before : Flight filling Departure During the flight Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
26. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Global View Before : Flight filling Departure During the flight Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
28. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Global View Before : Flight filling Departure During the flight Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
30. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
31. Air Traffic Control process: big picture Flight Data Processing RADAR Data Processing transmitter Receiver RADAR + - Flight Plan
32. Air Traffic Control process Flight Data Processing RADAR Data Processing transmitter Receiver RADAR + - Flight Plan
38. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
39. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center Air traffic control center Data flows RADAR Data Flight plan Data Data coupling/correlation IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
40. ATC process : details Adjacent Air Traffic Control Cente r Airports Flight Data Processing METEO Data RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan RADAR Data Tracks Primary and secondary RADAR WAN LAN + - transmetter Receiver HF/VHF
41. ATC centre Flight Plan Processing controller Working Position controller Working Position RADAR Data Processing LAN controller Working Position controller Working Position RADAR Flight Plan Voice control and communications Intercom Public RADIO A/G ~ 50
42. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center Air traffic control center Data flows RADAR Data Flight plan Data Data coupling/correlation IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
43. ATC centre data processing RADAR data : Actual Information Short term conflicts Flight data : Reference Information Medium term conflicts Long term conflicts
44. Air Traffic Control process Flight Data Processing RADAR Data Processing transmitter Receiver RADAR + - Flight Plan
46. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center Air traffic control center Data flows RADAR Data Flight plan Data Data coupling/correlation IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
47. RADAR Information Data Flow : Broadcast RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Processing HMI HMI HMI HMI
48. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center Air traffic control center Data flows RADAR Data Flight plan Data Data coupling/correlation IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
49. Flight Information Data Flow : Connected RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Processing Persistence Data Base HMI HMI HMI HMI
50. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center Air traffic control center Data flows RADAR Data Flight plan Data Data coupling/correlation IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
51. Air Traffic Control process Flight Data Processing RADAR Data Processing transmitter Receiver RADAR + - Flight Plan
52. Air Traffic Control process Flight Data Processing RADAR Data Processing transmitter Receiver RADAR + - Flight Plan
53. RADAR and Flight Information correlations RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Processing HMI HMI HMI HMI
54. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
55. Air Traffic Control process Flight Data Processing RADAR Data Processing transmitter Receiver RADAR + - Flight Plan
61. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM Sector Inter Sector coordination Control Position Track label hardware RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
62. Sector sector 1 sector 2 sector 3 sector 4 sector 5 sector 6 Route Corridor Military Area Military Area Military Area
63. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM Sector Inter Sector coordination Control Position Track label hardware RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
65. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM Sector Inter Sector coordination Control Position Track label hardware RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
68. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM Sector Inter Sector coordination Control Position Track label hardware RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
72. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM Sector Inter Sector coordination Control Position Track label hardware RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
75. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
76. Air Traffic Control process Flight Data Processing RADAR Data Processing transmitter Receiver RADAR + - Flight Plan
77. ATC center Architecture RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Processing Supervisory Control Simulator Recording Replay controller Working Position Voice control and communications RADAR Front Processing Dual LAN FDDI AFTN/CIDIN ATFM ADJACENT FIR'S/TWR'S MET Centres RADAR Intercom Priority Public RADIO A/G controller Working Position controller Working Position Controller Working Position
78. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM RADAR Data Processing Tracks and Plots Multi RADAR tracking Local Tracks System Tracks Conflict Detection APR : Automatic Position Reporting Flight Plan Data Processing
80. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM RADAR Data Processing Tracks and Plots Multi RADAR tracking Local Tracks to System Tracks Conflict Detection APR : Automatic Position Reporting Flight Plan Data Processing
84. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM RADAR Data Processing Tracks and Plots Multi RADAR tracking Local Tracks System Tracks Conflict Detection APR : Automatic Position Reporting Flight Plan Data Processing
88. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM RADAR Data Processing Tracks and Plots Multi RADAR tracking Local Tracks System Tracks Conflict Detection APR : Automatic Position Reporting Flight Plan Data Processing
89. APR Flight Data Processing RADAR Data Processing transmitter Receiver RADAR + - Flight Plan APR
90. Summary The problem ATC principles Flight phases Surveillance Control : Air traffic control center IHM RADAR Data Processing Flight Plan Data Processing
91. Air Traffic Control process Flight Data Processing RADAR Data Processing transmitter Receiver RADAR + - Flight Plan
92. FDP functions Initial flight plan processing. SSR code management. Trajectory prediction. System assisted co-ordination. Medium Term Conflict Detection (MTCD). Flight strip printing
93. Flight Data Processing Flight Phases Flight information communication AFTN/CIDIN Initial processing Flight states Flight Progress monitoring
94. Different Phases of the flight Final Approach / Departure Taxiway Apron Gate/ Stand 10 Miles Out 4 Miles Out 2 Miles Out Landing / Take-Off Taxiing Runway En-Route
96. Flight Data Processing Flight Phases Flight information communication AFTN/CIDIN Initial processing Flight states Flight Progress monitoring
97. Flight Data Processing Flight Phases Flight information communication Connected Not connected AFTN/CIDIN Initial processing Flight states Flight monitoring
102. Flight Data Processing Flight Phases Flight information communication AFTN/CIDIN Initial processing Flight states Flight progess monitoring
103. FPL message distribution AFTN (Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network) Area Address In the message header
104. Flight Data Processing Flight Phases Flight information communication AFTN/CIDIN Initial processing Filing FPL message FPL message processing Flight route ETO (Estimated Time of Over flight) Flight Strip Medium Term Conflict Detection Flight states Flight progess monitoring
105. Before Departure Flight Plan is filled by the pilot or the air line (Repetitive Flight Plan). Filled Flight Plan message is transmitted
108. Filed Flight Plan : contains Call Sign Flight Rules Aircraft Type Navigation Equipment Departure Airport, Route Arrival Airport
109. Flight Data Processing Flight Phases Flight information communication AFTN/CIDIN Initial processing Filing FPL message FPL message processing Flight route ETO (Estimated Time of Over flight) Flight Strip Medium Term Conflict Detection Flight states Flight progess monitoring
112. Flight Data Processing Flight Phases Flight information communication AFTN/CIDIN Initial processing Filing FPL message FPL message processing Flight route ETO (Estimated Time of Over flight) Flight Strip Medium Term Conflict Detection Flight states Flight progess monitoring
113. FPL message processing Route extraction Path computation Profile computation Flight level Speed Point of inward boundary crossing List of crossed sector Point of outward boundary crossing
114. Flight Data Processing Flight Phases Flight information communication AFTN/CIDIN Initial processing Filing FPL message FPL message processing Flight route ETO (Estimated Time of Over flight) Flight Strip Medium Term Conflict Detection Flight states Flight progess monitoring
115. Flight Route Path definition : list of over flown points Profile computation : altitude and speed for each Path points. Estimated Time of Over flight (ETO) : computation the path points over flight time
118. Flight Data Processing Flight Phases Flight information communication AFTN/CIDIN Initial processing Filing FPL message FPL message processing Flight route ETO (Estimated Time of Over flight) Flight Strip Medium Term Conflict Detection Flight states Flight progess monitoring
119. Report Points Over flow Estimation 800 km/h Wind 100 km/h Report Point E1 E2 E3 E4 D1 D2 D3
120. Flight Profile AB BC CD DE EF FG GH HI t t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 s1 s2 s3 s4 s5 s6 s7 s8 W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8 Wind speed Report Point Time Speed Flight Level + + + + = - - - fl1 fl2 fl3 fl4 fl5 fl6 fl7 fl8
121. Flight Data Processing Flight Phases Flight information communication AFTN/CIDIN Initial processing Filing FPL message FPL message processing Flight route ETO (Estimated Time of Over flight) Flight Strip Medium Term Conflict Detection Flight states Flight progess monitoring
122. Flight Strip t1 s1 + AB t2 s2 + BC t3 s3 + CD t4 s4 + DE t5 s5 = EF t6 s6 - FG t7 s7 - GH t8 s8 - HI Call Sign Aircraft Type fl1 fl2 fl3 fl4 fl5 fl6 fl7 fl8
129. Flight Data Processing Flight Phases Flight information communication AFTN/CIDIN Initial processing Filing FPL message FPL message processing Flight route ETO (Estimated Time of Over flight) Flight Strip Medium Term Conflict Detection Flight states Flight progess monitoring
132. Flight Data Processing Flight Phases Flight information communication AFTN/CIDIN Initial processing Flight states Flight progess monitoring
133. Flight States Inactive Preactivated Proposed Coordinated Active Finished Cancelled Creation
134. Flight States Inactive Preactivated Proposed Coordinated Active Finished Cancelled Creation t t FPL/RPL
135. On Line Exchange AFTN “ Off line” “ On line” Inactive Flight Plan Active Flight Plan
136. Area and Flight states Air Traffic Control Center Air Traffic Control Center Air Traffic Control Center First Area Second Area Third Area
137. Area and Flight states First Area Second Area Third Area Active Pre active Pre active Air Traffic Control Center Air Traffic Control Center Air Traffic Control Center
138. Flight States Inactive Preactivated Proposed Coordinated Active Finished Cancelled Creation t Proposition Send Proposition Accepted
139. Area and Flight states: Transfer Protocol First Area Second Area Third Area Active Pre active Pre active Transfer Air Traffic Control Center Air Traffic Control Center Air Traffic Control Center
140. Flight States Inactive Preactivated Proposed Coordinated Active Finished Cancelled Creation t Flight Track Correlation (SSR)
142. Flight Data Processing Flight Phases Flight information communication AFTN/CIDIN Initial processing Flight states Flight Progress monitoring
143. Air Traffic Control process Flight Data Processing RADAR Data Processing transmitter Receiver RADAR + - Flight Plan
144. Flight progress monitoring Air Traffic Control Center Military Flights ETO ATO RAM : Route Adherences Monitoring CLAM : Cleared Level Adherence Monitoring DAIW : Danger Area Infringement Warning; RAM CLAM MSAW DAIW MSAW : Minimum Safe Altitude Warning STCA: Short Term Conflict Alert DFT: Distance From Touch down DFT STCA VOR/DME
145. Route Adherence Monitoring Delta t = Longitudinal deviation lateral deviation ETO-ATO= Delta t ETO + Delta t ATO as from APR cleared route
146. Flight information updated and Flight progress monitoring in active state Active Operator Message RADAR (APR) Time Out
147. Flight progess monitoring RDP FDP RADAR Data Processing Flight Data Processing Network Shared Flight Information Data base Tracks Table
148. Report Points Over flow Estimation 800 km/h Wind 100 km/h Report Point E1 E2 E3 E4 D1 D2 D3 Timer
151. Medium and long term conflict detection Conflict Conflict Conflict No No No Warning Warning Warning Flight Data Base Events ETO
152. Flight progess monitoring : APR RDP FDP APR APR : Automatic Position Reporting Timer RADAR Data Processing Flight Data Processing
153. APR APRs are sent: Whenever an aircraft crosses a “significant point” (i.e.: flight planned) Periodically (SP), in either level flight, or climbing/descending. On first leaving the RAM Corridor, when aircraft has deviated from Flight Plan track (either by inaccurate flying or when FDR has not been updated to take account of a re-route)
154. ATC main evolutions Vertical separation : 1000 foot FL > 290 Data link : Air Ground Numeric connection Satellite Navigation
155. That’s All Folks Thank You For Your Attention Questions are welcome Contacts : [email_address]