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Flower
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Flowers and Fossils
Basic Flower Structure
stigma
style
ovary
locule
ovule
carpel
gynoecium
pollen
anther
filament stamen
androecium
petal
corolla
perianthsepal
calyx
receptacle
pedicel
Perianth is complete
Flower is perfect
Flower is monoecious
Some Example Stories:
Perfect Flowers: Pea exclusively self-pollinating
Hibiscus self-pollinating if not crossed
Cherry self-incompatible only outcrosses
Imperfect Flowers: Begonia unisexual but monoecious
Holly unisexual and dioecious
Variable: Cucumber male, perfect, female, parthenocarpic
Basic Flower Structure
stigma
style
ovary
locule
ovule
carpel
gynoecium
pollen
anther
filament stamen
androecium
petal
corolla
perianthsepal
calyx
receptacle
pedicel
Perianth is complete
Flower is perfect
Flower is monoecious
superior
Flower is hypogynous
Pistil is simple
Ovary Superior
Flower Hypogynous
Flower Perigynous
Flower Epigynous
Ovary Inferior
Ovary Half-Superior
Ovary Half-Inferior
Ranunculus acris - buttercupFlower Structure - review
Basic Flower Structure
stigma
style
ovary
locule
ovule
carpel
gynoecium
pollen
anther
filament stamen
androecium
petal
corolla
perianthsepal
calyx
receptacle
pedicel
Perianth is complete
Flower is perfect
Flower is monoecious
superior
Flower is hypogynous
Pistil is simple
This longitudinal section view does not
allow us to consider symmetry
Symmetry: *=radial †=bilateral
Flower Formula: Symbol Sequence to Diagram Flower
Number of Parts per Whorl:
• sepals in calyx
Fusion within whorl:
curved line over number
Fusion between whorls:
square bracket below numbers
Attachment of flower parts relative to ovary:
horizontal line
** 5, 5, ∞, 5* 5,* 5, 5, ∞,* 5, 5,
• petals in corolla
• stamens in androecium
• carpels in gynoecium
Ovary Superior
Flower Hypogynous
Flower Perigynous
Flower Epigynous
Ovary Inferior
Ovary Half-Superior
Ovary Half-Inferior
1
1
1

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