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Arid Aeolian Landform

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The document discusses various landforms found in arid and semi-arid landscapes formed by wind erosion. It describes different types of deserts including ergs which are seas of sand, regs which are desert pavements, and hamadas where bedrock predominates. It also outlines various erosional landforms caused by wind such as deflation hollows, ventifacts which are sand-blasted rock surfaces, yardangs, and different types of migrating dunes including longitudinal, transverse, barchan, and parabolic dunes. It provides examples of many of these landforms.

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Arid and Semi-AridArid and Semi-Arid Landscapes ( AeolianLandscapes ( Aeolian LandformLandform
World's DesertsWorld's Desertsabout 1/5th of land Types: subtropical, rain-shadow, coastal, interior, polar
Arid and Semi-aridArid and Semi-arid EgyptLibya Tunisia Algeria Morocco
Wind-Borne Sediment causesWind-Borne Sediment causes deflation and abrasiondeflation and abrasion Sahara to Caribbean Effect on Hurricanes Surface creep
InselbergInselberg UluruUluru (Ayers Rock)(Ayers Rock) Pediment
MushroomMushroom
Types of DesertsTypes of Deserts Erg - sea of sand • vegetation rare • sand probably formed during more humid climate
Death Valley, California
Types of DesertsTypes of Deserts Reg - desert “pavement” of pebbles and stones • all small materials and sand removed by wind • may be very thin coating of stones
Desert pavement
Hamada - bedrock predominates
Erosional Landform - Deflation HollowErosional Landform - Deflation Hollow Anecdote – How fast does this occur?
Abrasion Origin of VentifactsAbrasion Origin of Ventifacts
Erosional Landforms -Erosional Landforms - VentifactsVentifacts Wind eroded (sand blasted) surfaces
Erosional Landform –Erosional Landform – Yardangs andYardangs and ZeugenZeugen Sphinx? White Desert, EgyptWhite Desert, Egypt
Dune MigrationDune Migration Just like ripples in a stream Windward slope erosion and transport Slip face (deposition)
Star DunesStar Dunes
Copyright © Frank Eckardt 2002 Star DunesStar Dunes Variable Wind DirectionVariable Wind Direction
Longitudinal DunesLongitudinal Dunes Constant wind direction, no vegetation
Longitudinal DunesLongitudinal Dunes Constant wind direction, no vegetation
Transverse DunesTransverse Dunes Massive volumes of sand, low consistent winds
Transverse DunesTransverse Dunes Massive volumes of sand, low consistent windsMassive volumes of sand, low consistent winds
Barchan DunesBarchan Dunes Isolated Dunes, low sand supply, migrating across rock
Barchan DunesBarchan Dunes • Isolated – low sand supply; migrating across rock
Parabolic DunesParabolic Dunes Horns pinned by plants Typical of coasts
Fig. 15-12a, p. 354
Parabolic DunesParabolic Dunes • Stabilized “horns" point upwind
A Playa in Death Valley, CaliforniaA Playa in Death Valley, California Evaporite Pan of dried-up PlayaEvaporite Pan of dried-up Playa
Playas
Differential Erosion
Arid Aeolian Landform
Arid Aeolian Landform
Desert LandformsDesert Landforms • plateaus: a broad, flat-topped area elevated above the surrounding land and bounded, at least in part, by cliffs • mesa: a broad, flat-topped hill bounded by cliffs and capped with a resistant rock layer • butte: a narrow hill of resistant rock with a flat top and very steep sides
Inselberg or Bornhardt - highly resistant rock landform; a type of monadnock.
Bornhardt, Arches National Park, Utah

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Arid Aeolian Landform

Editor's Notes

  1. Figure 15.12a: Parabolic dunes typically form in coastal areas where there is a partial cover of vegetation, a strong onshore wind, and abundant sand.