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Atoms and atomic theory

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This document discusses Dalton's atomic theory and how models of the atom have changed over time based on new evidence from experiments. It provides background on Dalton's original atomic theory from 1808, which proposed atoms as tiny invisible particles that elements are made of. Later scientists like J.J. Thompson, Ernest Rutherford, Neils Bohr, and James Chadwick improved on Dalton's model, discovering new parts of the atom like electrons, the nucleus, and neutrons based on their experiments. The document explains that the atomic theory has changed gradually over time as scientists gathered more scientific evidence that gave them a better understanding of what atoms are made of.

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Atoms and atomic theory
Bellwork Chemical Property Physical Property Reactivity Cconductivity Flamibility Density Specific Heat Ductility Magnetism Malleability
Bellwork 0Place the Atomic Theory Cards in order. 0 Fill in this chart in your notebook. Dalton’s Atomic Theory Facts Explain why you placed these facts in this order. What is your evidence?
Atoms and atomic theory
Dalton’s Atomic Theory  Atoms are tiny, invisible particles.  Atoms of different elements are different  Compounds are formed by combining atoms.  Atoms of one element are the same.
Atomic Theory Title your page: TIMELINE Cut out the atomic models and the words. Match the model to the explanations. DO NOT GLUE!
Atomic Theory Timeline Scientist Information Model John Dalton 1808 Matter is formed of small pieces that could not be cut into smaller parts called “atomos” meaning uncuttable.
Scientist Information Model J.J Thompson 1897 Atoms are made mostly out of (+) charged materials, like dough in a bun. The (-) charged electrons are found inside the (+) dough. Atomic Theory Timeline
Scientist Information Model Ernest Rutherford 1911 Atoms have (+) particles in the center, and are mostly empty space. (+) particles called protons, the center of atoms called the nucleus. Atomic Theory Timeline
Atomic Theory Timeline Scientist Information Model Neils Bohr 1913 Improved on Rutherford’s model. He proposed that electrons move around the nucleus in specific layers, or shells. Every atom has a specific number of electron shells.
Scientist Information Model James Chadwick 1932 Worked with Rutherford to discover particles with no charge – called neutrons. Neutrons are also found in the nucleus. Atomic Theory Timeline NEUTRONS
Atomic TheoryChanges over time…
Atomic TheoryChanges over time… Because Scientific evidence gathered from experiments gave scientists a better understanding of atoms
Think-Pair-Share! Take a minute to read the essential question as I read it aloud: “How and why has the Atomic Theory changed over time?” After you have jotted down your notes in the space on your guided notes, exchange your thoughts with your partner. We will have share-outs and discuss the answer.
http://www.brainpop.com/science/matterandchemistry/atom icmodel/
Atoms and atomic theory
© Boardworks Ltd 20041 of 20 © Boardworks Ltd 200517 of 25 Three states of matter solid liquid gas At room temperature most substances exist in one of three physical states.
Atoms and atomic theory
Solids 0 The particles in a solid are very tightly packed and vibrate in place. 0 Solids have a definite volume and shape.
© Boardworks Ltd 20041 of 20 © Boardworks Ltd 200520 of 25 Particles in a solid – animation
Liquids 0 The particles in a liquid are close together but can move and flow past one another. 0 Liquids have a definite volume but they do not have a definite shape. This is why liquids like water take the shape of the container they are in. Picture was taken at the exact moment these water balloons were popped!
© Boardworks Ltd 20041 of 20 © Boardworks Ltd 200522 of 25 Particles in a liquid – animation
Gases 0 Particles in a gas have higher amounts of energy than those in a solid or liquid. 0 Gases do not have a definite shape or volume. When placed in a container, it fills up the entire container and spreads out as far as possible.
© Boardworks Ltd 20041 of 20 © Boardworks Ltd 200524 of 25 Particles in a gas – animation
Molecular Motion Adding heat Removing heat
In your groups, you will rotate clockwise after 4 minutes through the 5 stations. You will write all information on the Gallery Walk handout.  Stay with your group at all times.  Do not move ahead or go back, wait for the timer to move.  You may discuss possible answers with your group members.  Raise your hand if you need assistance after you have asked your group members.
Independent Practice

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Atoms and atomic theory

  • 2. Bellwork Chemical Property Physical Property Reactivity Cconductivity Flamibility Density Specific Heat Ductility Magnetism Malleability
  • 3. Bellwork 0Place the Atomic Theory Cards in order. 0 Fill in this chart in your notebook. Dalton’s Atomic Theory Facts Explain why you placed these facts in this order. What is your evidence?
  • 5. Dalton’s Atomic Theory  Atoms are tiny, invisible particles.  Atoms of different elements are different  Compounds are formed by combining atoms.  Atoms of one element are the same.
  • 6. Atomic Theory Title your page: TIMELINE Cut out the atomic models and the words. Match the model to the explanations. DO NOT GLUE!
  • 7. Atomic Theory Timeline Scientist Information Model John Dalton 1808 Matter is formed of small pieces that could not be cut into smaller parts called “atomos” meaning uncuttable.
  • 8. Scientist Information Model J.J Thompson 1897 Atoms are made mostly out of (+) charged materials, like dough in a bun. The (-) charged electrons are found inside the (+) dough. Atomic Theory Timeline
  • 9. Scientist Information Model Ernest Rutherford 1911 Atoms have (+) particles in the center, and are mostly empty space. (+) particles called protons, the center of atoms called the nucleus. Atomic Theory Timeline
  • 10. Atomic Theory Timeline Scientist Information Model Neils Bohr 1913 Improved on Rutherford’s model. He proposed that electrons move around the nucleus in specific layers, or shells. Every atom has a specific number of electron shells.
  • 11. Scientist Information Model James Chadwick 1932 Worked with Rutherford to discover particles with no charge – called neutrons. Neutrons are also found in the nucleus. Atomic Theory Timeline NEUTRONS
  • 13. Atomic TheoryChanges over time… Because Scientific evidence gathered from experiments gave scientists a better understanding of atoms
  • 14. Think-Pair-Share! Take a minute to read the essential question as I read it aloud: “How and why has the Atomic Theory changed over time?” After you have jotted down your notes in the space on your guided notes, exchange your thoughts with your partner. We will have share-outs and discuss the answer.
  • 17. © Boardworks Ltd 20041 of 20 © Boardworks Ltd 200517 of 25 Three states of matter solid liquid gas At room temperature most substances exist in one of three physical states.
  • 19. Solids 0 The particles in a solid are very tightly packed and vibrate in place. 0 Solids have a definite volume and shape.
  • 20. © Boardworks Ltd 20041 of 20 © Boardworks Ltd 200520 of 25 Particles in a solid – animation
  • 21. Liquids 0 The particles in a liquid are close together but can move and flow past one another. 0 Liquids have a definite volume but they do not have a definite shape. This is why liquids like water take the shape of the container they are in. Picture was taken at the exact moment these water balloons were popped!
  • 22. © Boardworks Ltd 20041 of 20 © Boardworks Ltd 200522 of 25 Particles in a liquid – animation
  • 23. Gases 0 Particles in a gas have higher amounts of energy than those in a solid or liquid. 0 Gases do not have a definite shape or volume. When placed in a container, it fills up the entire container and spreads out as far as possible.
  • 24. © Boardworks Ltd 20041 of 20 © Boardworks Ltd 200524 of 25 Particles in a gas – animation
  • 26. In your groups, you will rotate clockwise after 4 minutes through the 5 stations. You will write all information on the Gallery Walk handout.  Stay with your group at all times.  Do not move ahead or go back, wait for the timer to move.  You may discuss possible answers with your group members.  Raise your hand if you need assistance after you have asked your group members.