Batas pambansa blg 232

“An Act Providing for
the Establishment and
Maintenance of an
Integrated System of
Education”
BATAS PAMBANSA BLG.
232

PROMULGATED:
September 11, 1982

Chapter 1: Preliminary Matters
 Section 1. Title
This act shall be known as the “Education Act
of 1982.”

Section 2. Coverage
This act shall apply to and govern both
formal and non-formal systems in public
and private schools in all levels of the entire
educational system.

Chapter 2: Declaration of Basic State Policy and
Objectives
Section 3. Declaration of Basic Policy
It is the policy of the State to establish and
maintain a complete, adequate and
integrated system of education relevant to
the goals of national development.

National Development Goals:
1. To achieve and maintain an accelerating rate
of economic development and social progress;
2. To ensure the maximum participation of all
the people in the attainment and enjoyment
of the benefits.

3. To achieve of such and growth strengthen ; and
national unity and consciousness and preserve,
develop and promote desirable cultural, moral
and spiritual values in a changing world.

The State shall promote the right of every
individual to relevant quality education,
regardless of sex, age, creed, socio-economic
status, physical and mental conditions, racial
or ethnic origin, political or other affiliation.

The state shall promote the right of the
nation’s cultural communities in the exercise
of their right to develop themselves within the
context of their cultures, customs, traditions,
interest and belief, and recognizes education.

Section 4. Declaration of Objectives
The educational system aims to:
1. Provide for a broad general education that will
assist each individuals in the peculiar ecology of
his own society, to:
(a) attain his potentials as a human being;

(b) enhance the range and quality of individual and
group participation in the basic functions; and
(c) acquire the essential educational foundation of his
development into a productive and versatile citizen.

2. Train the nation's manpower in the middle level
skills for national development;
3. Develop the profession that will provide
leadership for the nation in the advancement of
knowledge for improving the quality of human
life; and

4. Respond effectively to changing needs and
conditions of the nation through a system of
educational planning and evaluation

Chapter 1: Preliminary Provisions
 Section 5. Declaration of Policy and Objectives
The State shall:
1. Aid and support the natural right and duty of
parents in the rearing of the youth through the
educational system.

2. Promote and safeguard the welfare and interest
of the students by defining their rights and
obligations, according them privileges, and
encouraging the establishment of sound
relationships between them and the other
members of the school community.

3. Promote the social economic status of all
school personnel, uphold their rights, define
their obligations, and improve their living
and working conditions and career
prospects.

4. Extend support to promote the viability of those
institutions through which parents, students and
school personnel seek to attain their
educational goals.

Section 6. Definition and Coverage
"Educational community" refers to those persons or
groups of persons as such or associated in institutions
involved in organized teaching and learning systems.

The members and elements of the educational
community are:
1. "Parents" or guardians or the head of the
institution or foster home which has custody of the
pupil or student.

2. "Students" or those enrolled in and who
regularly attend an educational institution of
secondary or higher level or a person
engaged in formal study. "Pupils" are those
who regularly attend a school of elementary
level under the supervision and tutelage of a
teacher.

3. "School personnel" or all persons working for an
educational institution, which includes the following:
a. "Teaching or academic staff," or all persons
engaged in actual teaching either on full-time or
part-time basis, in all levels of the educational
system.

b. "School administrators," or all persons
occupying policy implementing positions
having to do with the functions of the
school in all levels.

c. "Academic non-teaching personnel," or those
persons holding some academic qualifications
and performing academic functions directly
supportive of teaching, such as registrars,
librarians, research assistants, research aides,
and similar staff.

d. "Non-academic personnel," or all other
school personnel not falling under the
definition and coverage of teaching and
academic staff, school administrators and
academic non-teaching personnel.

4. "Schools," or institutions recognized by the
State which undertake educational
operations.

Section 7. Community Participation
Every educational institution shall provide for the
establishment of appropriate bodies through which
the members of the educational community may
discuss relevant issues, and communicate
information and suggestions for assistance and
support of the school and for the promotion of their
common interest.

Chapter 2: Rights
Section 8. Right of Parents
1. The right to organize by themselves and/or with
teachers for the purpose of providing a forum for
the discussion of matters relating to the total
school program.

2. The right to access to any official record directly
relating to the children who are under their
parental responsibility

Section 9. Rights of Students in School
1. The right to receive, primarily through competent
instruction, relevant quality education in line with
national goals and conducive to their full
development as person with human dignity.

2. The right to freely choose their field of study
subject to existing curricula and to continue
their course therein up to graduation, except in
cases of academic deficiency, or violation of
disciplinary regulations.

3. The right to school guidance and
counselling services for decisions and
selecting the alternatives in fields of work
suited to his potentialities.

4. The right of access to his own school records, the
confidentiality of which the school shall maintain
and preserve.
5. The right to the issuance of official certificates,
diplomas, transcript of records, grades, transfer
credentials and other similar documents within
thirty days from request.

6. The right to publish a student newspaper
and similar publications, as well as the right
to invite resource persons during
assemblies, symposia and other activities of
similar nature.

7. The right to free expression of opinions and
suggestions, and to effective channels of
communication with appropriate academic
channels and administrative bodies of the
school or institution.

8. The right to form, establish, join and participate
in organizations and societies recognized by the
school to foster their intellectual, cultural,
spiritual and physical growth and development,
or to form, establish, join and maintain
organizations and societies for purposes not
contrary to law.

9. The right to be free from involuntary
contributions, except those approved by their
own organizations or societies.

Section 10. Rights of all School Personnel
1. The right to free expression of opinion and
suggestions, and to effective channels of
communication with appropriate academic
and administrative bodies of the school or
institution.

2. The right to establish, join and maintain
labor organizations and/or professional and
self-regulating organizations of their choice
to promote their welfare and defend their
interests.
3. The right to be free from involuntary
contributions except those imposed by their
own organizations

Section 11. Special Rights and/or Privileges of
Teaching or Academic Staff
1. The right to be free from compulsory assignments
not related to their duties as defined in their
appointments or employment contracts, unless
compensated therefor, conformably to existing law.
2. The right to intellectual property consistent with
applicable laws.

3. Teachers shall be deemed persons in authority
when in the discharge of lawful duties and
responsibilities, and shall, therefore, be accorded
due respect and protection.
4. Teachers shall be accorded the opportunity to
choose alternative career lines either in school
administration, in classroom teaching, or others,
for purposes of career advancement.

Section 12. Special Rights of School Administration
School administrators shall, in accordance with
existing laws, regulations and policies of the Ministry
of Education, Culture and Sports, be accorded
sufficient administrative discretion necessary for the
efficient and effective performance of their functions.

School administrators shall be deemed persons
in authority while in the discharge of lawful
duties and responsibilities, and shall therefore
be accorded due respect and protection.

Section 13. Rights of School
1. The right of their governing boards or lawful
authorities to provide for the proper
governance of the school and to adopt and
enforce administrative or management
systems.

2. The right for institutions of higher learning
to determine on academic grounds who
shall be admitted to study, who may teach,
and what shall be subjects of the study and
research.

Chapter 3 : Duties and Obligations
Section 14. Duties of Parents
1. Parents, individually or collectively, through
the school systems, shall help carry out the
educational objectives in accordance with
national goals.

2. Parents shall be obliged to enable their
children to obtain elementary education and
shall strive to enable them to obtain
secondary and higher education in the
pursuance of the right formation of the
youth.

3. Parents shall cooperate with the school in
the implementation of the school program
curricular and co-curricular.

Section 15. Duties and Responsibilities of Student
1. Exert his utmost to develop his potentialities for
service, particularly by undergoing an
education suited to his abilities, in order that he
may become an asset to his family and to
society.

2. Uphold the academic integrity of the school,
endeavor to achieve academic excellence
and abide by the rules and regulations
governing his academic responsibilities and
moral integrity.

3. Promote and maintain the peace and
tranquility of the school by observing the
rules and discipline, and by efforts to attain
harmonious relationships with fellow
students, the teaching and academic staff
and other personnel.

4. Participate actively in civic affairs and in the
promotion of the general welfare,
particularly in the social, economic and
cultural development of his community and
in the attainment of a just compassionate
and orderly society.

5. Exercise his rights responsibly in the
knowledge that he is answerable for any
infringement or violation of the public
welfare and of the rights of others.

Section 16. Teacher’s Obligations
Every teacher shall:
1. Perform his duties to the school by
discharging his responsibilities in accordance
with the philosophy, goals, and objectives of
the school.

2. Be accountable for the efficient and
effective attainment of specified learning
objectives in pursuance of national
development goals, within the limits of
available school resources.

3. Render regular reports on performance of
each student and to the latter and the
latter's parents and guardians with specific
suggestions for improvement.

4. Assume the responsibility to maintain and
sustain his professional growth and
advancement and maintain professionalism
in his behavior at all times

5. Refrain from making deductions in students'
scholastic rating for acts that are clearly not
manifestations of poor scholarship.

6. Participate as an agent of constructive
social, economic, moral, intellectual, cultural
and political change in his school and the
community within the context of national
policies.

Section 17. School Administrators’ Obligations
Every school administrator shall:
1. Perform his duties to the school by discharging
his responsibilities in accordance with the
philosophy, goals and objectives of the school.

2. Be accountable for the efficient and
effective administration and management of
the school.

3. Develop and maintain a healthy school
atmosphere conducive to the promotion
and preservation of academic freedom and
effective teaching and learning, and to
harmonious and progressive school
personnel relationship.

4. Assume and maintain professional behavior
in his work and in dealing with students,
teachers, academic non-teaching
personnel, administrative staff, and parents
or guardians.

5. Render adequate reports to teachers,
academic non-teaching personnel and non-
academic staff on their actual performance
and counsel them on ways of improving the
same.

6. Observe due process, fairness, promptness,
privacy, constructiveness and consistency in
disciplining his teachers and other
personnel.
7. Maintain adequate records and submit
required reports to the Ministry of
Education, Culture and Sports.

Section 18. Obligations of Academic Non
Teaching Personnel
Academic non-teaching personnel shall:
1. Improve himself professionally be keeping
abreast of the latest trends and techniques in
his profession.

2. Assume, promote and maintain a professional
attitude towards his work, students, teachers,
administrators and administrative staff and
relate with them in a supportive and cordial
manner.
3. Promote and maintain an atmosphere
conducive to service and learning.

Chapter 5: School Finance and Assistance
A. Funding of Republic Schools
Public school shall continue to be funded from
national funds:

• A. Funding of Republic Schools
• The national government shall extend financial aid and assistance to public secondary schools
established and maintained by local governments, including barangay high schools.

Batas pambansa blg 232

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