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Bio Diesel

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SHRIKANT KHATING
SHRIKANT KHATING

This document summarizes information about biodiesel production from jatropha seeds in India. It discusses that biodiesel is produced through a transesterification process where jatropha oil reacts with methanol in the presence of a catalyst to produce methyl esters and glycerin. Jatropha is identified as a suitable non-edible oil source that can grow in varied climates and provide additional benefits. The economics of jatropha biodiesel production are presented, showing the costs and revenue from co-products. Initial trials of biodiesel train and bus services in India are also summarized, alongside national production targets.

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ALTERNATIVE FUEL-BIODIESEL BY MR. SHRIKANT S. KHATING PAPER PRESENTATION FOR
 
INTRODUCTION BIODIESEL PRODUCTION SOURCE OF BIODIESEL, CONSIDERING INDIA CONVERSION OF JATROPHA SEEDS TO BIODIESEL ECONOMICS OF BIODIESEL FROM JATROPHA BIODIESEL : FIRST TRIAL RUN ON TRAIN BIODIESEL BUS SERVICES INTRODUCED IN GSRTC INDIA’S TARGET OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION CONCLUSION
1.INTRODUCTION Fossil energy is exhausting and man need is increasing. Biodiesel is alternative for diesel engine. Conventional diesel creates pollution but biodiesel reduce pollutants that contribute to smog and global warming and help to reduce cancer causing agent. Alternative fuel approved by environmental protection agency (EPA) in California.
Biodiesel is expensive than ordinary diesel. How to use? The most common mixture is 20/80,reffered to as B20,containing 20% biodiesel by volume and 80 % petroleum. Use of biodiesel in vehicle.
2.BIODIESEL PRODUCTION Biodiesel refers to fatty acid methyl esters made by transesterfication. Feed stock oil/fat + methanol Biodiesel [Vegetable oil or animal fat] For biodiesel oil seed crops (Soybean, sunflower, rapeseed ,etc.) are used, waste vegetable and animal fats are used.
 
TRANSESTERIFICATION : This process is the displacement of alcohol from an ester by another alcohol is a process similar to hydrolysis. triglyceride oil = 2 - 10 fatty acid Reaction : R-COOR’ + R’’ + R-COOR”+R’-OH
For methanol = methanolysis CH 2 -O-COR 1 R 1 -COOCH 3 CH 2 OH CH-O-COR 2 + 3CH 3 OH R 2 -COOCH 3 + CHOH methanol CH 2 -O-COR 3 R 3 -COOCH 3 CH 2 OH Triglyceride fatty acid methyl ester glycerol
PRODUCT RECOVERY IS DONE INTO TWO PHASE: Easy removal of Remaining alcohol/ester glycerol mixture is separated and excess alcohol is recycled Ester send for purification process [water washing , vaccum drying and filtration ]
WORKING WELL FOR THE PROCESS OF TRANSESTERIFICATION High quality oil is used. Reaction temperature. Oil temperature. Ratio to oil, mixing intensity , purity of reactants, catalyst type and concentration.
JATROPHA TREE
3.SOURCES OF BIODIESEL CONSIDERING INDIA Seeds oil for the production of biodiesel: Soybean,rapeseed,jatropha,sunflower,canola, pongamia,palm,cotton seed. OILS Edible oils non-edible oils Jatropha is considered as the most suitable for biodiesel.
Jatropha can be cultivated anywhere along canals,roads,railway tracks, on border of farm and even an alkaline soils. Grown in high as well as low rainfall. In high rainfall yield is more. Occurs mainly at lower altitude(0-500Cm) with average annual temperature above 20 0 C, and rainfall of 300-1000mm.
JATROPHA PROVIDES: Prevention of soil erosion. Soil improvement. Poverty reduction. Renewable energy. Promotion to labours.
IMPORTANT PARTS OF JATROPHA : Flowering branch Bark Leaf veinature Plstillate flower Stamltiate flower Cross section of immature fruits Fruits Longitudinal cut of fruits
4.CONVERSION OF JATROPHA SEEDS TO BIODIESEL 3 kg of methanol 100 kg of Jatropha seeds 70 kg of oil cake 30 kg of Jatropha oil 3 kg of glycerol 30 kg of biodiesel Catalyst (KOH,NaOH)
5.ECONOMICS OF BIODIESEL FROM JATROPHA S No. Item Or Expenditure Amount Rs. 1 100 kg seeds @ Rs 5/kg 500/- 2 Oil extraction and other charges @ Rs 1.50 /kg 150/- 3 Transesterification cost @ Rs 8 / kg oil 240/- 4 Total 890/- S No. Sale Amount Rs. 1 70 kg oilcake @ Rs 2/kg 140/- 2 Glycerol 60/- 3 Total 200/-
Net expenditure incurred to get 30 kg/33 l oil = 690/- Cost of biodiesel/l = 20.90/- Oil cake and glycerol which have a good commercial value.
6.BIODIESEL : FIRST TRIAL RUN ON TRAIN First successful trial run of a superfast passenger train was conducted on Dec 31, 2009 Delhi - Amritsar Shatabdi Express used 5% of biodiesel fuel. Railway annual fuel bill = Rs 3400 crores (for Diesel) 10% mixture with Diesel = reduced (Rs.300-400 crores / annum) 5% substitution is accepted.
7.BIODIESEL BUS SERVICES INTRODUCED IN GSRTC The Union minister of petroleum and natural gas Shri. Mani Shankar Aiyer flagged off biodiesel bus services in Gandhinagar on mar 12,2005. GSRTC introduced four biodiesel buses between Gandhinagar and Ahmadabad. TATA motors in Pune launched trial run on 43 buses of 10 % biodiesel blends, and parallel trial on TATA Indica cars and TATA LCVs .
8.INDIA’S TARGET OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION: 63 million hect = Waste land 33 million hect = Tree Plantation India’s target : 20 % substitution of HSD till 2012. 5% substitution on HSD is achieved in 2006-07. HSD demand by the end of 11 th planned (2011-12) = 66.9 million ton. 13.38 million tons HSD require = 11.2 million hect land.
9.CONCLUSION: Biodiesel is eco-friendly. Biodiesel is clean burning alternative fuel. Biodiesel contain no petroleum, but can be blended with conventional diesel fuel. These fuel can be used in any diesel engine without any modification. Biodiesel is degradable , non toxic and free from sulphur and lead.
Biodiesel provide superior lubricating properties and help to extend engine life. India’s target is to achieve 20 % substitution of HSD till 2012. Government have to pay attention toward the cultivation of Jatropha seeds.
THE END

More Related Content

Bio Diesel

  • 1. ALTERNATIVE FUEL-BIODIESEL BY MR. SHRIKANT S. KHATING PAPER PRESENTATION FOR
  • 2.  
  • 3. INTRODUCTION BIODIESEL PRODUCTION SOURCE OF BIODIESEL, CONSIDERING INDIA CONVERSION OF JATROPHA SEEDS TO BIODIESEL ECONOMICS OF BIODIESEL FROM JATROPHA BIODIESEL : FIRST TRIAL RUN ON TRAIN BIODIESEL BUS SERVICES INTRODUCED IN GSRTC INDIA’S TARGET OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION CONCLUSION
  • 4. 1.INTRODUCTION Fossil energy is exhausting and man need is increasing. Biodiesel is alternative for diesel engine. Conventional diesel creates pollution but biodiesel reduce pollutants that contribute to smog and global warming and help to reduce cancer causing agent. Alternative fuel approved by environmental protection agency (EPA) in California.
  • 5. Biodiesel is expensive than ordinary diesel. How to use? The most common mixture is 20/80,reffered to as B20,containing 20% biodiesel by volume and 80 % petroleum. Use of biodiesel in vehicle.
  • 6. 2.BIODIESEL PRODUCTION Biodiesel refers to fatty acid methyl esters made by transesterfication. Feed stock oil/fat + methanol Biodiesel [Vegetable oil or animal fat] For biodiesel oil seed crops (Soybean, sunflower, rapeseed ,etc.) are used, waste vegetable and animal fats are used.
  • 7.  
  • 8. TRANSESTERIFICATION : This process is the displacement of alcohol from an ester by another alcohol is a process similar to hydrolysis. triglyceride oil = 2 - 10 fatty acid Reaction : R-COOR’ + R’’ + R-COOR”+R’-OH
  • 9. For methanol = methanolysis CH 2 -O-COR 1 R 1 -COOCH 3 CH 2 OH CH-O-COR 2 + 3CH 3 OH R 2 -COOCH 3 + CHOH methanol CH 2 -O-COR 3 R 3 -COOCH 3 CH 2 OH Triglyceride fatty acid methyl ester glycerol
  • 10. PRODUCT RECOVERY IS DONE INTO TWO PHASE: Easy removal of Remaining alcohol/ester glycerol mixture is separated and excess alcohol is recycled Ester send for purification process [water washing , vaccum drying and filtration ]
  • 11. WORKING WELL FOR THE PROCESS OF TRANSESTERIFICATION High quality oil is used. Reaction temperature. Oil temperature. Ratio to oil, mixing intensity , purity of reactants, catalyst type and concentration.
  • 13. 3.SOURCES OF BIODIESEL CONSIDERING INDIA Seeds oil for the production of biodiesel: Soybean,rapeseed,jatropha,sunflower,canola, pongamia,palm,cotton seed. OILS Edible oils non-edible oils Jatropha is considered as the most suitable for biodiesel.
  • 14. Jatropha can be cultivated anywhere along canals,roads,railway tracks, on border of farm and even an alkaline soils. Grown in high as well as low rainfall. In high rainfall yield is more. Occurs mainly at lower altitude(0-500Cm) with average annual temperature above 20 0 C, and rainfall of 300-1000mm.
  • 15. JATROPHA PROVIDES: Prevention of soil erosion. Soil improvement. Poverty reduction. Renewable energy. Promotion to labours.
  • 16. IMPORTANT PARTS OF JATROPHA : Flowering branch Bark Leaf veinature Plstillate flower Stamltiate flower Cross section of immature fruits Fruits Longitudinal cut of fruits
  • 17. 4.CONVERSION OF JATROPHA SEEDS TO BIODIESEL 3 kg of methanol 100 kg of Jatropha seeds 70 kg of oil cake 30 kg of Jatropha oil 3 kg of glycerol 30 kg of biodiesel Catalyst (KOH,NaOH)
  • 18. 5.ECONOMICS OF BIODIESEL FROM JATROPHA S No. Item Or Expenditure Amount Rs. 1 100 kg seeds @ Rs 5/kg 500/- 2 Oil extraction and other charges @ Rs 1.50 /kg 150/- 3 Transesterification cost @ Rs 8 / kg oil 240/- 4 Total 890/- S No. Sale Amount Rs. 1 70 kg oilcake @ Rs 2/kg 140/- 2 Glycerol 60/- 3 Total 200/-
  • 19. Net expenditure incurred to get 30 kg/33 l oil = 690/- Cost of biodiesel/l = 20.90/- Oil cake and glycerol which have a good commercial value.
  • 20. 6.BIODIESEL : FIRST TRIAL RUN ON TRAIN First successful trial run of a superfast passenger train was conducted on Dec 31, 2009 Delhi - Amritsar Shatabdi Express used 5% of biodiesel fuel. Railway annual fuel bill = Rs 3400 crores (for Diesel) 10% mixture with Diesel = reduced (Rs.300-400 crores / annum) 5% substitution is accepted.
  • 21. 7.BIODIESEL BUS SERVICES INTRODUCED IN GSRTC The Union minister of petroleum and natural gas Shri. Mani Shankar Aiyer flagged off biodiesel bus services in Gandhinagar on mar 12,2005. GSRTC introduced four biodiesel buses between Gandhinagar and Ahmadabad. TATA motors in Pune launched trial run on 43 buses of 10 % biodiesel blends, and parallel trial on TATA Indica cars and TATA LCVs .
  • 22. 8.INDIA’S TARGET OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION: 63 million hect = Waste land 33 million hect = Tree Plantation India’s target : 20 % substitution of HSD till 2012. 5% substitution on HSD is achieved in 2006-07. HSD demand by the end of 11 th planned (2011-12) = 66.9 million ton. 13.38 million tons HSD require = 11.2 million hect land.
  • 23. 9.CONCLUSION: Biodiesel is eco-friendly. Biodiesel is clean burning alternative fuel. Biodiesel contain no petroleum, but can be blended with conventional diesel fuel. These fuel can be used in any diesel engine without any modification. Biodiesel is degradable , non toxic and free from sulphur and lead.
  • 24. Biodiesel provide superior lubricating properties and help to extend engine life. India’s target is to achieve 20 % substitution of HSD till 2012. Government have to pay attention toward the cultivation of Jatropha seeds.