Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
SlideShare a Scribd company logo

Biomass conversion technologies

•Download as PPTX, PDF•
•
A
Ashish Kumar Thakur

This document discusses biomass conversion technologies for producing energy from waste. It defines biomass as living or recently living material from plants or animals not used for food or feed. There are three main methods for thermochemical conversion of biomass: combustion, gasification, and pyrolysis. Biochemical conversion methods like anaerobic digestion can produce biogas, which can be converted to power and heat. Specific technologies covered include anaerobic digestion, pyrolysis, transesterification of vegetable oils into biodiesel, and growing energy crops. The document concludes that large-scale biorefineries, improved catalysis technologies, and combined government/industry efforts can help increase the role of biomass in energy production today.

1 of 17
Biomass Conversion Technologies ENERGY FROM WASTE ASHISH KUMAR THAKUR 16951A0522
What is Biomass? 1. All living and recently living organisms(Dinosaur), animal/plant waste, industrial and municipal waste. 2. Categories:- Biofuels, Biopower, Bioproducts 3. Biomass is waste material from plants or animals that is not used for food or feed; it can be waste from farming (like wheat stalks) or horticulture (yard waste), food processing (like corn cobs), animal farming (manure rich in nitrogen and phosphorus), or human waste from sewage plants
Biomass conversion technologies
Biomass conversion technologies
Waste to energy ||Energy to waste conversion
Thermochemical Conversion The three principal methods of thermochemical conversion are combustion in excess air, gasification in reduced air, and pyrolysis in the absence of air. The most common technique for producing both heat and electrical energy from household wastes is direct combustion.
Biochemical Conversion Biochemical processes, like anaerobic digestion, can also produce clean energy in the form of biogas which can be converted to power and heat using a gas engine. Anaerobic digestion is the natural biological process which stabilizes organic waste in the absence of air and transforms it into biofertilizer and biogas.
Biomass conversion technologies
Conversion Technologies
Biochemical Conversion
Plant matter – Hemicellulose, Cellulose, lignin Pretreatment Hydrolysis Sugar Fermentation
Pyrolysis ==>Heavy oil 1. Absence of oxygen 2. Thermal degradation 3. Liquid pyrolysis oil
Anaerobic Digestion 1. Biogas Platform - Methane 2. Decomposition - microorganisms 3. Anaerobic Digesters 4. Main Processes 5. Uses wastes and turns into valuable compost
Transesterification 1. “Biodiesel” Platform 2. Takes vegetable oil, animal fat, or grease into biodiesel – fatty acid methyl ester 3. Base catalyzed of the oil with alcohol, direct acid catalyzed, and conversion of the oil to fatty acids and then to alkyl esters with acid catalysts
Energy Crops 1. Specific purpose of producing energy 2. switchgrass, willow, poplar 3. Selective breeding, genetic engineering
Biomass Today 1. Construction of large-scale Biorefineries 2. Improved Catalysis Technology: => High Selectivity => Less Energy Intensive Conditions => Reduction of Unit Operations 3. Combined Government and Industry Efforts
Thank You

More Related Content

Biomass conversion technologies

  • 1. Biomass Conversion Technologies ENERGY FROM WASTE ASHISH KUMAR THAKUR 16951A0522
  • 2. What is Biomass? 1. All living and recently living organisms(Dinosaur), animal/plant waste, industrial and municipal waste. 2. Categories:- Biofuels, Biopower, Bioproducts 3. Biomass is waste material from plants or animals that is not used for food or feed; it can be waste from farming (like wheat stalks) or horticulture (yard waste), food processing (like corn cobs), animal farming (manure rich in nitrogen and phosphorus), or human waste from sewage plants
  • 5. Waste to energy ||Energy to waste conversion
  • 6. Thermochemical Conversion The three principal methods of thermochemical conversion are combustion in excess air, gasification in reduced air, and pyrolysis in the absence of air. The most common technique for producing both heat and electrical energy from household wastes is direct combustion.
  • 7. Biochemical Conversion Biochemical processes, like anaerobic digestion, can also produce clean energy in the form of biogas which can be converted to power and heat using a gas engine. Anaerobic digestion is the natural biological process which stabilizes organic waste in the absence of air and transforms it into biofertilizer and biogas.
  • 11. Plant matter – Hemicellulose, Cellulose, lignin Pretreatment Hydrolysis Sugar Fermentation
  • 12. Pyrolysis ==>Heavy oil 1. Absence of oxygen 2. Thermal degradation 3. Liquid pyrolysis oil
  • 13. Anaerobic Digestion 1. Biogas Platform - Methane 2. Decomposition - microorganisms 3. Anaerobic Digesters 4. Main Processes 5. Uses wastes and turns into valuable compost
  • 14. Transesterification 1. “Biodiesel” Platform 2. Takes vegetable oil, animal fat, or grease into biodiesel – fatty acid methyl ester 3. Base catalyzed of the oil with alcohol, direct acid catalyzed, and conversion of the oil to fatty acids and then to alkyl esters with acid catalysts
  • 15. Energy Crops 1. Specific purpose of producing energy 2. switchgrass, willow, poplar 3. Selective breeding, genetic engineering
  • 16. Biomass Today 1. Construction of large-scale Biorefineries 2. Improved Catalysis Technology: => High Selectivity => Less Energy Intensive Conditions => Reduction of Unit Operations 3. Combined Government and Industry Efforts