Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
SlideShare a Scribd company logo

Cell cycle reproduction lecture with turning point

•Download as PPT, PDF•
•
T
tas11244

Prokaryotes like bacteria reproduce through binary fission, where the cell duplicates its DNA and other components and then divides into two daughter cells. Eukaryotes undergo the cell cycle of interphase and mitosis, where interphase involves cell growth and DNA replication, followed by mitosis where the cell divides through the stages of prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase resulting in two identical daughter cells.

1 of 46
Cell Reproduction Prokaryotes Bacteria Eukaryotes Plants & animals
Prokaryotes Lack a nucleus Have a single chromosome Reproduce by binary fission Include bacteria
Steps in Binary Fission Used by bacteria Cells increase their cell mass slightly DNA & cell components are replicated Each cell divides into 2 daughter cells
Binary Fission of Bacterial Cell
E. Coli Dividing by Binary Fission
Eukaryotes Contain a nucleus & membrane bound organelles Asexually reproduce cells by mitosis
Cell Cycle Stages in growth & division G1 Phase S Phase G2 Phase M Phase Cytokinesis
G1 Phase First growth stage Cell increases in size Cell prepares to copy its DNA
Synthesis Phase Copying of all of DNA’s instructions Chromosomes duplicated
G2 Phase Time between DNA synthesis & mitosis Cell continues growing Needed proteins produced
M Phase Cell growth & protein production stop Cell’s energy used to make 2 daughter cells Called mitosis or karyokinesis (nuclear division)
Life Cycle of a Cell Mitosis is a cycle with n o beginning or end .
How do prokaryotes reproduce? Mitosis Meiosis Binary Fission Sexual Reproduction 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Prokaryotes have: Mitochondria Chloroplasts Nucleus All of the above None of the above 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Eukaryotes reproduce asexxually by: Mitosis Meiosis Binary Fission Binary Fusion 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
What happens in the G1 phase of the cell cycle? Cell growth Cell division Chromsome duplication DNA synthesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
What happens in the G2 phase of the cell cycle? DNA synthesis Cell division Chromsome duplication Protein Production 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
What happens in the M phase of the cell cycle? DNA synthesis Cell growth Chromsome duplication Makes 2 new cells 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Interphase – Resting Stage (Not Really) Cells carrying on normal activities Chromosomes aren’t visible Cell metabolism is occurring Occurs before mitosis
Interphase
Stages of Mitosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
Cells Undergoing Mitosis
Steps in Prophase DNA coils tightly & becomes visible as chromosomes Nuclear membrane disappears Nuceolus disappears Centrioles migrate to poles Spindle begins to form
Prophase
Eukaryotic Chromosome
Human Chromosomes
Steps in Metaphase Spindle fibers from centrioles attach to each chromosome Cell preparing to separate its chromosomes Cell aligns its chromosomes in the middle of the cell
Metaphase
Steps in Anaphase Cell chromosomes are separated Spindle fibers shorten so chromosomes pulled to ends of cell
Mitotic Spindle
Anaphase
Steps in Telophase Separation of chromosomes completed Cell Plate forms (plants) Cleavage furrow forms(animals) Nucleus & nucleolus reform Chromosomes uncoil
Telophase         Plant              Animal
Cytokinesis Occurs after chromosomes separate Forms two, identical daughter cells
Cytokinesis Cell Plate Forming in Plant Cells
Which of the following describes interphase? Chromosomes line up in the middle Chromosomes aren’t visible Chromosomes are pulled apart Chromosomes cross over 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
The nucleus reforms in: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Chromosomes become visible in: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Centrioles migrate to the poles in: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Chromosomes separate in: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Spindle fibers attach to chromsomes in: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
The nuclear membrane disappears in: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
The formation of 2 new identical daughter cells Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Chromosomes line up in the middle in: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Enter question text... Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Cell plates form in plants during: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

More Related Content

Cell cycle reproduction lecture with turning point

  • 1. Cell Reproduction Prokaryotes Bacteria Eukaryotes Plants & animals
  • 2. Prokaryotes Lack a nucleus Have a single chromosome Reproduce by binary fission Include bacteria
  • 3. Steps in Binary Fission Used by bacteria Cells increase their cell mass slightly DNA & cell components are replicated Each cell divides into 2 daughter cells
  • 4. Binary Fission of Bacterial Cell
  • 5. E. Coli Dividing by Binary Fission
  • 6. Eukaryotes Contain a nucleus & membrane bound organelles Asexually reproduce cells by mitosis
  • 7. Cell Cycle Stages in growth & division G1 Phase S Phase G2 Phase M Phase Cytokinesis
  • 8. G1 Phase First growth stage Cell increases in size Cell prepares to copy its DNA
  • 9. Synthesis Phase Copying of all of DNA’s instructions Chromosomes duplicated
  • 10. G2 Phase Time between DNA synthesis & mitosis Cell continues growing Needed proteins produced
  • 11. M Phase Cell growth & protein production stop Cell’s energy used to make 2 daughter cells Called mitosis or karyokinesis (nuclear division)
  • 12. Life Cycle of a Cell Mitosis is a cycle with n o beginning or end .
  • 13. How do prokaryotes reproduce? Mitosis Meiosis Binary Fission Sexual Reproduction 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
  • 14. Prokaryotes have: Mitochondria Chloroplasts Nucleus All of the above None of the above 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
  • 15. Eukaryotes reproduce asexxually by: Mitosis Meiosis Binary Fission Binary Fusion 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
  • 16. What happens in the G1 phase of the cell cycle? Cell growth Cell division Chromsome duplication DNA synthesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
  • 17. What happens in the G2 phase of the cell cycle? DNA synthesis Cell division Chromsome duplication Protein Production 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
  • 18. What happens in the M phase of the cell cycle? DNA synthesis Cell growth Chromsome duplication Makes 2 new cells 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
  • 19. Interphase – Resting Stage (Not Really) Cells carrying on normal activities Chromosomes aren’t visible Cell metabolism is occurring Occurs before mitosis
  • 21. Stages of Mitosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
  • 23. Steps in Prophase DNA coils tightly & becomes visible as chromosomes Nuclear membrane disappears Nuceolus disappears Centrioles migrate to poles Spindle begins to form
  • 27. Steps in Metaphase Spindle fibers from centrioles attach to each chromosome Cell preparing to separate its chromosomes Cell aligns its chromosomes in the middle of the cell
  • 29. Steps in Anaphase Cell chromosomes are separated Spindle fibers shorten so chromosomes pulled to ends of cell
  • 32. Steps in Telophase Separation of chromosomes completed Cell Plate forms (plants) Cleavage furrow forms(animals) Nucleus & nucleolus reform Chromosomes uncoil
  • 33. Telophase         Plant              Animal
  • 34. Cytokinesis Occurs after chromosomes separate Forms two, identical daughter cells
  • 35. Cytokinesis Cell Plate Forming in Plant Cells
  • 36. Which of the following describes interphase? Chromosomes line up in the middle Chromosomes aren’t visible Chromosomes are pulled apart Chromosomes cross over 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
  • 37. The nucleus reforms in: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
  • 38. Chromosomes become visible in: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
  • 39. Centrioles migrate to the poles in: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
  • 40. Chromosomes separate in: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
  • 41. Spindle fibers attach to chromsomes in: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
  • 42. The nuclear membrane disappears in: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
  • 43. The formation of 2 new identical daughter cells Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
  • 44. Chromosomes line up in the middle in: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
  • 45. Enter question text... Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
  • 46. Cell plates form in plants during: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Editor's Notes

  1. What happens in animal cells? Clevage furrow