Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
SlideShare a Scribd company logo

Cell presentation

•Download as PPT, PDF•
•
K
Kelley Nelson

This document provides an overview of cells, including: 1) It describes the cell theory - that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic functional units of life, and all cells come from pre-existing cells. 2) It explains the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, noting that eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus. 3) It provides a brief overview of key cell structures and their functions, such as the cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and vacuoles.

1 of 28
Cells- The Basic Unit of Life Presented By: Mrs. Nelson
Cell Theory  All living things are made of cells. Unicellular: single cell ex) bacteria, protists Multicellular: many cells ex) animals and plants  Cells are the smallest working units of living things.  All cells come from pre-existing cells.
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic  Small  No membrane bound organelles  No nucleus  Non-specialized  Independent  Large  Membrane bound organelles  Nucleus  Specialized  Dependent
 Explains the origin of eukaryotic cells.  What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic?  Simple  Complex (prokaryotic  eukaryotic)  Chloroplast/Mitochondria have own DNA  Scientists suggest that this means these organelles were once lived independently outside of cells
Controls what enters and exits cell Semi-permeable Also known as phospholipid bilayer
Cell presentation
phosphorus lipid hydrophylic hydrophobic
Cell Membrane Structure markerReceptor Channel
 Allows cells to talk to one another  Important for multicellular organisms  Cells send “messages” to one another  Messages = hormones Ex.) Histamine
Gives your cells “identity” = id card Distinguishes your cells from other cells Immune system
Allows molecules to pass through the membrane
The Cell Factory  The cell is like factory…  Factories produce something…  Cells produce proteins…  Different cells produce different proteins…  People / machines perform functions in a factory.  “Organelles” in cell work together to make the protein.
Cell Membrane Door to the factory. Controls what enters/exits the cell.
Cytoplasm Jellylike substance where the organelles found…
The Nucleus  “Control Center” – in charge of all the cells activities  Contains the DNA or chromosomes  DNA is instructions for cell to build proteins  Nucleolus- makes ribosomes
Mitochondria “Generator of the cell” Supplies cell with energy Change food energy into energy cell can use (ATP- gasoline)
Chloroplast  “Power Station”  Found only autotrophic organisms  Contain pigment chlorophyll  Trap sunlight convert it into energy
Ribosomes  “Assembly line workers”  Proteins built
Endoplasmic Reticulum  “Highway” system  Materials can travel on it throughout the cell  Rough ER vs. Smooth ER
Golgi Apparatus  “Packaging Center”  Collects, modifies, packages proteins and other molecules made in the cell
Lysosomes “Recycling Center” Engulfs damaged cell parts
Centrioles “Reproductive Structures” – organize cell division. Always in pairs and found only in animals cells.
Vacuoles “Storage Areas” Store materials such as: water, wastes, and nutrients
Animal Cell
Plant Cells
Contrast  Plant Cells  Cell wall and cell membrane  chloroplast and mitochondria  LARGE Central vacuole  NO- centrioles  “square” shape  Animal Cells  cell membrane ONLY  mitochondria  two more small vacuoles  centrioles  “round” shape
Human Cheek Cell (Animal cell)
Elodea Cell (Plant Cell)

More Related Content

Cell presentation