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Change of state

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Han Ge Liu

When a solid is heated, the particles gain energy and vibrate faster until they break free from their fixed positions, having enough energy to overcome the attractions between particles. This change from solid to liquid is called melting. Each pure substance has a specific melting/boiling point, which is the temperature at which it changes state while the temperature remains constant. Boiling occurs when the most energetic particles in a liquid escape as a gas, and boiling happens throughout the entire liquid rather than just at the surface like evaporation. Sublimation is when a solid changes directly to a gas without first becoming a liquid.

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CHANGE OF STATE
SOLID ENERGY < COHESION LIQUID ENERGY = COHESION GAS ENERGY > COHESION MELTING BOILING VAPORIZATION FREEZING CONDENSATION SUBLIMATION DEPOSITION REMOVING HEAT (COOLING) ADDING HEAT
MELTING When a solid is heated the particles gain energy and vibrate faster and faster The sructure is weakened and the particles break free from their fixed positions (having enough energy to overcome the atractions between particles)
MELTING  Each pure substance has a specific BOILING/MELTING POINT  (Ex: Water 100ºC, Silver 2162 ºc, Iron 1535ºC)  Temperature remains constant during the change of state Solid Increasing Thermal Energy Melting/freezing point Liquid
BOILING 1. When a liquid is heated the particles move faster 2. The most energènic particles at the scape from the liquid as a vapour 3. The temperature when a solid melts is known as BOILING POINT 4. Temperature is constant while the boiling is taking place. 5. It happens in all the liquid, not just in the surface
Some boiling amb melting examples…. Substance Melting Point (ºC) Boiling Point (ºC) Water 0 100 Alcohol - 114 78,5 Oxigen - 218 - 183 Iron 1538 2861 Mercury - 39 357
It takes place only on the surface of the liquid Some particles in liquids have more energy than others The more energetic particles take energy from the liquid to become a gas. And the liquid cool down  Evaporation is produced at room temperature (at any temperature) Examples: puddles (when they get dry), when we get cold after sweeting… EVAPORATION canvis d’estat estats de la matèria
BOILING EVAPORATION
SUBLIMATION Matter changes straight from a solid to a gas! Molecules speed up and spread out rapidly Examples: Naftalina, dry ice, deodorant
SUBLIMATION Matter changes straight from a solid to a gas! Molecules speed up and spread out rapidly Examples: Naftalina, dry ice, deodorant

More Related Content

Change of state

  • 2. SOLID ENERGY < COHESION LIQUID ENERGY = COHESION GAS ENERGY > COHESION MELTING BOILING VAPORIZATION FREEZING CONDENSATION SUBLIMATION DEPOSITION REMOVING HEAT (COOLING) ADDING HEAT
  • 3. MELTING When a solid is heated the particles gain energy and vibrate faster and faster The sructure is weakened and the particles break free from their fixed positions (having enough energy to overcome the atractions between particles)
  • 4. MELTING  Each pure substance has a specific BOILING/MELTING POINT  (Ex: Water 100ºC, Silver 2162 ºc, Iron 1535ºC)  Temperature remains constant during the change of state Solid Increasing Thermal Energy Melting/freezing point Liquid
  • 5. BOILING 1. When a liquid is heated the particles move faster 2. The most energènic particles at the scape from the liquid as a vapour 3. The temperature when a solid melts is known as BOILING POINT 4. Temperature is constant while the boiling is taking place. 5. It happens in all the liquid, not just in the surface
  • 6. Some boiling amb melting examples…. Substance Melting Point (ºC) Boiling Point (ºC) Water 0 100 Alcohol - 114 78,5 Oxigen - 218 - 183 Iron 1538 2861 Mercury - 39 357
  • 7. It takes place only on the surface of the liquid Some particles in liquids have more energy than others The more energetic particles take energy from the liquid to become a gas. And the liquid cool down  Evaporation is produced at room temperature (at any temperature) Examples: puddles (when they get dry), when we get cold after sweeting… EVAPORATION canvis d’estat estats de la matèria
  • 9. SUBLIMATION Matter changes straight from a solid to a gas! Molecules speed up and spread out rapidly Examples: Naftalina, dry ice, deodorant
  • 10. SUBLIMATION Matter changes straight from a solid to a gas! Molecules speed up and spread out rapidly Examples: Naftalina, dry ice, deodorant