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Child Rights in India

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'Child Rights in India' Presented by Mr. Nandeesh Y D at an International Conference. You can request for a copy of the presentation at ydnandeesh@gmail.com

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A presentation by Mr. Nandeesh Y D, Junior Research Fellow, DOS in social work, Karnatak University, Dharwad Email Id: ydnandeesh@gmail.com
Introduction:  Children are the future of a country.  But as we all know that the children are the most vulnerable.  Every child has right to lead a decent life  In India 440 million are children(40%)  But status of the children in India is not well  It is important to consider their rights and value their dignity  Constitutional provisions, laws, policies and programmes addressing them.
‘Child’And ‘Child Rights’?  According to UNCRC - a child is any human being below the age of eighteen years  Child rights are specialized human rights that apply to all human beings below the age of 18.
Types of Rights(UNCRC): Survival Rights Development Rights Protection Rights Participation Rights
UN Convention includes four articles that are given special emphasis(General principles)  Non-discrimination  The best interests of the child  The right to survival and development  The views of the child
Status of Children In India  Over one billion children have been denied their childhood worldwide(UNICEF Report)  About 63 per cent of children in India go without food and 53 per cent suffer from chronic malnutrition  27 million are severely underweight and 33 million have never been to school  National Dropout Rate at the Elementary Level is over 40% (DISE, 2011-12)  Around 25 to 30 million children in India spend their lives on the streets in a poisonous environment.
Contd..  6.6 million children having a damaged brain from iodine deficiency  The National Family Health Survey has revealed that over 70 per cent of the children in many states suffer from iron deficiency  11.8% children in India are engaged in some form of child labour  Nearly 45% girls get married before the age of eighteen years  Only 54% children received full immunization (DLHS- III, 2007-08)
Constitutional Provisions:  Fundamental Rights : Articles such as 14, 15(3), 21, 21(a) 23 & 24.  Directive Principles of State Policies: Articles such as 39(e), 45, 46 and 51
Legislations related to children:  The Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act, 1956  The Immoral Trafficking (Prevention) Act (ITPA), 1956  The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986  The Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act 1994  The Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment Act – 2006  The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006  Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act 2009 (RTE Act).  Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012
National Policies related to Chldren:  The National Policy for Children, 2013  National Policy for Children, 1974  National Policy on Education, 1986  National Policy on Child Labour, 1987  National Nutrition Policy, 1993  National Health Policy, 2002  National Charter for Children, 2003  National Plan of Action, 2005
Programmes/ Schemes related to children:  Integrated ChildDevelopment Services (ICDS), 1975  Integrated programme for Street Children, 1993  Pulse Polio Immunization Programme, 1995  Midday Meal Scheme, 1995  Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, 2001  The National Rural Health Mission, 2005  Creche Scheme for the children of working mothers, 2006
Child budgeting in India: An unfair deal
 There has been a sharp decline in child welfare budget from 4.52% in 2014-15 to 3.26% in 2015-16 Union budget.  The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan and Mid-Day Meal scheme have taken cuts - by 20.74% and 30.11% respectively  Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme has been hit by a 54.19% cut.(Union Budget 2015-16)
Violence against children:
 In the year 2013 a jump of 138% of crime cases were recorded. Reasons???  Decline in social control  Child pornography  Decline in moral and ethical values  Decline in social responsibility
Children’s Rights Worldwide and in India 2015
Findings and suggestions :  Indian children are still in difficult situations. Conducive environment can be created with efforts from every stake holder  Budget allocations for children is continuously declining and it should be increased.  Awareness programs can be conducted at all levels  Efforts needed to inculcate ethical values  Effective implementation is the need of the hour.
Conclusion:  A visible shift from an approach of charity to that of rendering justice to children by guaranteeing their rights.  an effective implementation, ground swell of support, fair environment.  alarming concern as children are being misused.  our social responsibility to take care of the children & to protect their rights.  If all suggestions taken seriously, India would be a safer place for the children.
References:  Encyclopaedia of Social Work in India, Vol -1, Ministry of Welfare, Govt of India.  INDIA A Reference Annual (2014), Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcsting, Govt of India.  P.M Bakshi (2011)The Constitution of India, Universal Law Publishing co., New Delhi.  Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation - MoSPI, 2012  Yojana(2012), A development monthly, Issues Concernging Children.  Samajakaryada Hejjegalu (2012) , Social work - Foot Print.ISSN No:2230 8830  The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child © United Nations, June 2010.  UNICEF, (2006) Violence Against Children, United Nations Secretary – General’s Study  childlineindia.org.in/child-protection-child-rights-india.htm  http://www.unicef.org/india/  www.childrensrights
Child Rights in India

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Child Rights in India

  • 1. A presentation by Mr. Nandeesh Y D, Junior Research Fellow, DOS in social work, Karnatak University, Dharwad Email Id: ydnandeesh@gmail.com
  • 2. Introduction:  Children are the future of a country.  But as we all know that the children are the most vulnerable.  Every child has right to lead a decent life  In India 440 million are children(40%)  But status of the children in India is not well  It is important to consider their rights and value their dignity  Constitutional provisions, laws, policies and programmes addressing them.
  • 3. ‘Child’And ‘Child Rights’?  According to UNCRC - a child is any human being below the age of eighteen years  Child rights are specialized human rights that apply to all human beings below the age of 18.
  • 5. UN Convention includes four articles that are given special emphasis(General principles)  Non-discrimination  The best interests of the child  The right to survival and development  The views of the child
  • 6. Status of Children In India  Over one billion children have been denied their childhood worldwide(UNICEF Report)  About 63 per cent of children in India go without food and 53 per cent suffer from chronic malnutrition  27 million are severely underweight and 33 million have never been to school  National Dropout Rate at the Elementary Level is over 40% (DISE, 2011-12)  Around 25 to 30 million children in India spend their lives on the streets in a poisonous environment.
  • 7. Contd..  6.6 million children having a damaged brain from iodine deficiency  The National Family Health Survey has revealed that over 70 per cent of the children in many states suffer from iron deficiency  11.8% children in India are engaged in some form of child labour  Nearly 45% girls get married before the age of eighteen years  Only 54% children received full immunization (DLHS- III, 2007-08)
  • 8. Constitutional Provisions:  Fundamental Rights : Articles such as 14, 15(3), 21, 21(a) 23 & 24.  Directive Principles of State Policies: Articles such as 39(e), 45, 46 and 51
  • 9. Legislations related to children:  The Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act, 1956  The Immoral Trafficking (Prevention) Act (ITPA), 1956  The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986  The Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act 1994  The Juvenile Justice Act 2000 and Amendment Act – 2006  The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006  Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act 2009 (RTE Act).  Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012
  • 10. National Policies related to Chldren:  The National Policy for Children, 2013  National Policy for Children, 1974  National Policy on Education, 1986  National Policy on Child Labour, 1987  National Nutrition Policy, 1993  National Health Policy, 2002  National Charter for Children, 2003  National Plan of Action, 2005
  • 11. Programmes/ Schemes related to children:  Integrated ChildDevelopment Services (ICDS), 1975  Integrated programme for Street Children, 1993  Pulse Polio Immunization Programme, 1995  Midday Meal Scheme, 1995  Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, 2001  The National Rural Health Mission, 2005  Creche Scheme for the children of working mothers, 2006
  • 12. Child budgeting in India: An unfair deal
  • 13.  There has been a sharp decline in child welfare budget from 4.52% in 2014-15 to 3.26% in 2015-16 Union budget.  The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan and Mid-Day Meal scheme have taken cuts - by 20.74% and 30.11% respectively  Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme has been hit by a 54.19% cut.(Union Budget 2015-16)
  • 15.  In the year 2013 a jump of 138% of crime cases were recorded. Reasons???  Decline in social control  Child pornography  Decline in moral and ethical values  Decline in social responsibility
  • 16. Children’s Rights Worldwide and in India 2015
  • 17. Findings and suggestions :  Indian children are still in difficult situations. Conducive environment can be created with efforts from every stake holder  Budget allocations for children is continuously declining and it should be increased.  Awareness programs can be conducted at all levels  Efforts needed to inculcate ethical values  Effective implementation is the need of the hour.
  • 18. Conclusion:  A visible shift from an approach of charity to that of rendering justice to children by guaranteeing their rights.  an effective implementation, ground swell of support, fair environment.  alarming concern as children are being misused.  our social responsibility to take care of the children & to protect their rights.  If all suggestions taken seriously, India would be a safer place for the children.
  • 19. References:  Encyclopaedia of Social Work in India, Vol -1, Ministry of Welfare, Govt of India.  INDIA A Reference Annual (2014), Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcsting, Govt of India.  P.M Bakshi (2011)The Constitution of India, Universal Law Publishing co., New Delhi.  Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation - MoSPI, 2012  Yojana(2012), A development monthly, Issues Concernging Children.  Samajakaryada Hejjegalu (2012) , Social work - Foot Print.ISSN No:2230 8830  The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child © United Nations, June 2010.  UNICEF, (2006) Violence Against Children, United Nations Secretary – General’s Study  childlineindia.org.in/child-protection-child-rights-india.htm  http://www.unicef.org/india/  www.childrensrights