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Cloud computing 10 cloud security advantages and challenges
- 1. Cloud Computing: 10 Cloud Security Advantages and Challenges Prof Neeraj Bhargava Vaibhav Khanna Department of Computer Science School of Engineering and Systems Sciences Maharshi Dayanand Saraswati University Ajmer
- 2. Cloud Security Advantages • Data Fragmentation and Dispersal • Dedicated Security Team • Greater Investment in Security Infrastructure • Fault Tolerance and Reliability • Greater Resiliency • Hypervisor Protection Against Network Attacks • Possible Reduction of C&A Activities (Access to Pre-Accredited Clouds) 2
- 3. Cloud Security Advantages (Cont.) • Simplification of Compliance Analysis • Data Held by Unbiased Party (cloud vendor assertion) • Low-Cost Disaster Recovery and Data Storage Solutions • On-Demand Security Controls • Real-Time Detection of System Tampering • Rapid Re-Constitution of Services • Advanced Honeynet Capabilities 3
- 4. Cloud Security Challenges • Data dispersal and international privacy laws – EU Data Protection Directive and U.S. Safe Harbor program – Exposure of data to foreign government and data subpoenas – Data retention issues • Need for isolation management • Multi-tenancy • Logging challenges • Data ownership issues • Quality of service guarantees 4
- 5. Cloud Security Challenges (Cont.) • Dependence on secure hypervisors • Attraction to hackers (high value target) • Security of virtual OSs in the cloud • Possibility for massive outages • Encryption needs for cloud computing – Encrypting access to the cloud resource control interface – Encrypting administrative access to OS instances – Encrypting access to applications – Encrypting application data at rest • Public cloud vs internal cloud security • Lack of public SaaS version control 5
- 6. Additional Issues • Issues with moving PII and sensitive data to the cloud – Privacy impact assessments • Using SLAs to obtain cloud security – Suggested requirements for cloud SLAs – Issues with cloud forensics • Contingency planning and disaster recovery for cloud implementations • Handling compliance – FISMA – HIPAA – SOX – PCI – SAS 70 Audits 6
- 9. Security and Privacy Challenges • Authentication and Identity Management – interoperability – password-based: inherited limitation – How multi-tenancy can affect the privacy of identity information isn’t yet well understood. – multi-jurisdiction issue – integrated with other security components. 9
- 10. Security and Privacy Challenges • Access Control and Accounting – Heterogeneity and diversity of services, as well as the domains’ diverse access requirements – capture dynamic, context, or attribute- or credential-based access requirements – integrate privacy-protection requirements – interoperability – capture relevant aspects of SLAs 10
- 11. Security and Privacy Challenges • Trust Management and Policy Integration – compose multiple services to enable bigger application services – efficiently capturing a generic set of parameters required for establishing trust and to manage evolving trust and interaction/sharing requirements – address challenges such as semantic heterogeneity, secure interoperability, and policy- evolution management. 11
- 12. Security and Privacy Challenges • Secure-Service Management – WSDL can’t fully meet the requirements of cloud computing services description – issues such as quality of service, price, and SLAs – automatic and systematic service provisioning and composition framework that considers security and privacy issues 12
- 13. Security and Privacy Challenges • Privacy and Data Protection – storing data and applications on systems that reside outside of on-premise datacenters – shared infrastructure, risk of potential unauthorized access and exposure. – Privacy-protection mechanisms must be embedded in all security solutions. – Provenance – Balancing between data provenance and privacy 13
- 14. Security and Privacy Challenges • Organizational Security Management – shared governance can become a significant issue if not properly addressed – Dependence on external entities – the possibility of an insider threat is significantly extended when outsourcing data and processes to clouds. 14
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- 16. Security and Privacy Approaches • Authentication and Identity Management – User-centric IDM – users control their digital identities and takes away the complexity of IDM from the enterprises – federated IDM solutions – privacy-preserving protocols to verify various identity attributes by using, for example, zero- knowledge proof-based techniques 16
- 17. Security and Privacy Approaches • Access Control Needs – RBAC – policy-integration needs – credential-based RBAC, GTRBAC,8 location-based RBAC 17
- 18. Security and Privacy Approaches • Secure Interoperation – Multi-domain – centralized approach – decentralized approaches – specification frameworks to ensure that the cross- domain accesses are properly specified, verified, and enforced – Policy engineering mechanisms 18
- 19. Security and Privacy Approaches • Secure-Service Provisioning and Composition – Open Services Gateway Initiative (OSGi) – Declarative OWL-based language can be used to provide a service definition manifest, including a list of distinct component types that make up the service, functional requirements, component grouping and topology instructions 19
- 20. Security and Privacy Approaches • Trust Management Framework – trust-based policy integration – Delegation – must be incorporated in service composition framework 20
- 21. Security and Privacy Approaches • Data-Centric Security and Privacy – shifts data protection from systems and applications – documents must be self-describing and defending regardless of their environments. 21
- 22. Security and Privacy Approaches • Managing Semantic Heterogeneity – semantic heterogeneity among policies – Use of an ontology is the most promising approach – policy framework and a policy enforcement architecture – inference engines 22
- 23. Assignment • What are the cloud security advantages and Challenges • Discuss the cloud security approaches