DWS16 - Future networks forum - Gabrielle Gauthey, Groupe Caisse des dépots
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The document discusses various government initiatives to promote gigabit broadband access around the world. It notes that the gigabit race is more prevalent in countries where local and national authorities are directly involved, with the objective of ensuring powerful infrastructure coverage. Private sector players offering 1 Gbps plans do so to enhance their image as innovators. Gigabit access is available in certain areas of countries like New Zealand, Canada, USA, parts of Europe and Asia, while broader populations in Latin America and the Middle East only have basic broadband access.
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DWS16 - Future networks forum - Gabrielle Gauthey, Groupe Caisse des dépots
2. 2
How 1 Gbps plans are evolving?
Providing Gigabit access has
become a goal in itself. The
momentum has been largely
influenced by Google’s
initiatives, since followed by
private sector operators and
especially a number of cities.
At the federal level, the
Government and the FCC
have announced new
measures in support of city-led
rollouts.
The Digital Agenda (DAE) sets Europe’s
connectivity targets: 30 Mbps for all, and
100 Mbps connections or more for at least
50% of European households by 2020.
These appear very modest targets when
compared to current technological
possibilities, and the accelerated pace of
the Gigabit race, which more and more ISPs
seem willing to join.
In Asia, selling Gigabit-speed access is a
strategic choice for private sector operators.
Government-led initiatives are more rare,
with the exception of Singapore and New
Zealand.
In Latin America and the Middle East, just
providing the entire population with
broadband access is already a challenge, so
Gigabit access is not really on the table as
yet. But a few ISPs do offer ultra-fast plans,
aimed at a very specific clientele.
The Gigabit race is far more prevalent in countries where local and national authorities are more directly involved. One of the prime objectives for
public sector players is to ensure their region, or the entire country, is covered by the most powerful infrastructure possible, taking a longer-term
view than private sector players.
Private sector players that do sell 1 Gbps plans (and up) are looking above all to enhance their image as innovators, at the leading edge of technology.
Much rarer are those taking a commercially strategic approach and offering truly distinct services and features enabled by these faster systems.
USA Europe Elsewhere around the world
3. 3
Where are 1 Gbps plans available?
Strong initiative from local authorities in support of Gb access
Availability of 1 Gbps plans
New Zealand
Canada
USA
Caribbea
n
Portugal
Latvia
France
Switerland
Turkey
Ukraine
China
South Korea
Japan
Hong Kong
Singapore
4. 4
INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO FOSTER INVESTMENTS AND
NETWORK DEPLOYMENTS AROUND THE WORLD
Facing the scarcity of fund and spectrum, innovative regulatory
thinking and investment models emerge in developing countries:
•Reduce cost through infrastructure sharing and innovative management of some
spectrum bands (DD)
•Attractive investment model compatible with long-term infrastructure funds criteria
•Leverage technology evolution (IP LTE, bitstream) allowing service differentiation
and competition on top of a collaboratively built infrastructure
•ectrum bands (DD)
•Attractive investment model compatible with long-term infrastructure funds criteria
•Leverage technology evolution (IP LTE, bitstream) allowing service differentiation
and competition on top of a collaboratively built infrastructure
5. 5
TYPOLOGIE DES INITIATIVES GOUVERNEMENTALES INFRASTRUCTURES
• Open access backbones
• Backhaul Fixe /mobile, transit
• Couverture Nationale/rurale
Brazil, Mexico, India, Kenya, Nigeria,
Sri Lanka, Ghana, Colombia, Argentina,
Venezuela, Peru, Cote d’Ivoire,…
+ Time-to-market
+ Perfromance ameliorée du Mobile et fixe
+ Optimisation des investissements
- Bottleneck
NATIONAL BACKBONES
• Acces FTTX
• modèle wholesale (passif & actif)
• Separation (réseau d’accès)
Australia, New Zealand, Singapore ,
Qatar
+ Performance/capacité des réseaux
+ investissements dans les technologies de pointe
+ Backhaul mobile et smalll cells
- Capex – civil works
- Time-to-market
NEXT GEN ACCESS
•open Access LTE
•700/800 MHz bands (DD), 2.3 GHz
• Couverture Nationale/rurale, Public
Safety
Rwanda, Mexico,,Kenya
+ Time-to-market
+ Couverture universelle
+ Data centric
+ Investissements reduits
- Disponibilité du spectre
OPEN WIRELESS ACCESS
6. 6
LE MODELE NEO ZELANDAIS
ULTRA FAST BROADBAND & RURAL BROADBAND INITIATIVE
• The government’s ultra-fast broadband (UFB) initiative has been an
important industry talking point since the November 2008 election. Key
facts:
– Government has committed to invest up to $1.35billion
– Objective is to accelerate the roll-out of UFB to 75 percent of New
Zealanders over 10-years
– In the first six years, will concentrate on ‘priority broadband users’
such as businesses, health service providers and schools.
– UFB is defined as a fibre-to-the-premise broadband service
providing downlink speeds of at least 100 Mbps and uplink speeds
of at least 50 Mbps.
• The government’s complementary program for rural communities is
called the Rural Broadband Initiative (RBI).
Key facts:
– Goal to deliver high speed broadband to the remaining 25
percent of the population
– Within six years, 93 percent of rural schools will receive fibre,
enabling speeds of at least 100Mbps, with the remaining
seven percent to achieve speeds of at least 10Mbps
– Over 80 percent of rural households will have access to
broadband with speeds of at least 5Mbps, with the remainder
to achieve speeds of at least 1Mbps.
7. 7
POLOGNE : UN PPP REGIONAL ET UN BACKBONE OUVERT
• Government procurements
• TP signed a co-operation agreement with Hawe SA and
Alcatel-Lucent to develop broadband infrastructure in
Poland, which is now an SPV approved by EU
• Set out a market solution
• Propose consortium structure that meets
stakeholder interests
• Building the consortium business case
• Core: passive WDM
• Distribution: active IP/MPLS
• Access: tbd by local telco service
providers
HAWE
TP Teltech
RESIDENTSBUSINESS
SERVICE PROVIDERS
SPV/NEWCO
Government
GOVERNMENT
Remarks:
CAPEX structure
- 15% active network (nodes and PM)
- 85% passive network (ducts and fibre)
Asset contribution
Start equity
Flow of equity over time
RetailService
Provider
RetailService
Provider
RetailService
Provider
Vertical
Infrastructure
Provider
8. 8
ISRAEL GOES FOR UTILITY/PPP LIKE MODEL
A Special Purpose Vehicle announced June 2013
New Telecommunication Company created to deploy a FTTH network in Israël
Consortium formed by State owned Israël Electric Company (IEC) and private investors (ViaEuropa, Cisco,
Tamares Telecom, Rapac, BATM, Bynet Data) which own 60% of the SPV
Multi billion € investment over 20 years
New company will act as “carrier of carriers” and wholesale fiber access to retail operators
Objectives
Network will be deployed over 20 years and will cover 65% of population by the 9th year
Total fiber : 32 000 km
Fiber To The Home technology – 1 Gb/s bandwidth as long term target
Israël Electric Company will contribute with its existing fibre network (3000 Km) and sites (poles, ducts)
9. 9
INITIATIVES EN AMERIQUE DU SUD
Mexico “Backbone and Wireless open Access”
• “Telecommunicaciones de Mexico” to roll out nation-wide fibre
backbone
•700 Mhz spectrum (APT Band) to be allocated to open access
wholesaler
Peru rural backbone
•450 M€ backbone to cover Peru’s highlands
Colombia « Vive Digital »
•8,8 M HH with BB access by end 2014
•700 municipalities connected to National Fibre backbone
Argentina « Argentina Conectada »
•ARSAT to roll out of fibre backbone covering 97% population by
2015
•100% connectivity for public institutions (schools, public
institutions)
10. 10
LE PROJET MEXICAIN : UN RESEAU MOBILE OUVERT
The underlying driver: Grow the Economy
• Macro-economic indicators are excellent
• With growth as absolute priority, the Mexican reform encompasses : education, transport, energy
…
• For Telecoms, this has been translated to give access to affordable Telecom services to all.
The way to do it
• Aim: bring mobile Broadband price as close as possible as Mobile Voice price
• How: Reduce the network TCO by 20 times:
• Allocate Digital Dividend
• Generalize a wholesale model
• Use PPP model and push other public supply side initiatives
Project’s details
• All 700 MHz will be allocated to one wholesaler with stringent coverage obligations
• A lean, flat IP, low cost wireless bit stream factory will be built on top
• A non discriminatory wholesaler who cannot commercialize in the retail market
• Paradigm shift from infra based competition to service-based competition
98%
coverage
Active
Sharing
RetailService
Provider
RetailService
Provider
RetailService
Provider
Service
Active
Passive
Regulation
Regulated
active
wholesale
MEXICAN DD LTE
WHOLESALER
11. 11
INITIATIVES AUX US
Government Funded Broadband
1. Nationwide Public Safety LTE Broadband Network
• $7 Billion in federal funding, and 20 MHz of spectrum, provided to the First Responder Network
Authority (FirstNet) to build nationwide network in the 700 MHz Band.
• Federal funding not sufficient; Public Private Partnership needed for success.
• Moving very slowly: RFP expected to be issued in 2015, with timing for actual deployment unclear.
• Local pilot projects possible in the short term, funded by states and localities.
2. Rural Broadband Projects and Municipally Funded Broadband
• Broadband Experiments Fund: FCC proposing to allocate hundreds of millions of dollars to fund
carriers, municipal utilities, and other entities for broadband expansion projects. Order defining
application process expected in July.
• ConnectED: FCC commitment to invest $2 billion over the next two years to dramatically expand
high-speed Internet connectivity for schools and libraries.
3. Funding goes to schools and libraries that apply for projects.
• FCC Proposal to Remove State Impediments to Municipal Broadband
12. 12
INITIATIVES EN AFRIQUE
AFRICA
MENA
KSA
TRAZ
SENEGAL
LTE NETWORK
E-GOV
SOUTH AFRICA
UFB
KENYA
LTE NETWORK
BACKBONE
BURKINA FASO
E GOV
MAROCCO
UFB
GHANA
E GOV
BACKBONE
IVORY COAST
BACKBONE
CONGO BRAZZAVILLE
BACKBONE
MAURITANIA
BACKBONE
TUNISIA
UFB
14. 14
THE INVESTMENT WALL IN THE EU
Assessment of total investment needed
for fibre upgrade in Europe (EU 27)
Russia
(European part)Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
(to Russia)
Denmark
Norway
Sweden
Finland
Austria
Slovenia
Croatia
Macedonia
Albania
Romania
Bulgaria
Moldova
Ukraine
Hungary
SlovakiaCzech Rep.
Poland
Belarus
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
Serbia
Andorra
Italy
France
Switzerland
FYR
Germany
Netherlands
Luxembourg
Belgium
Spain
Portugal
Great
Britain
Ireland
Greece
Cyprus
Malta
Montenegro
73 to 221 bn€
Target: DA objectives (coverage)** with a single platform in a
given area (Cable or fibre except in the Maximum scenario)
162 to 290 bn€
Target: 100% coverage with 50% to 100% FTTH complemented by
VDSL
230 to 290 bn€
Target: 50% FTTH and 40% VDSL coverage
EC’s digital agenda objectives
(2020)
100% 30Mbps Internet
coverage
2012: 50% target
achieved
50% HH subscribing to
100Mbps +
2012: 2% target
achieved
15. 15
FRANCE : 10 ANS DE RESEAUX D’INITITIAVE PUBLIQUE
•50% des regions et 2/3 des
departments sont concernés:
• Plus de 150 gros projets RIP ( >
30 K habitants)
• Près d’1 région sur 2 et 3
départements sur 4 concernés
•55 K km de fibre optique deployés
• Plus de 3.5 B € d’investisssments
publics/privés:
•Investissements publics et
subventions: €1.8 milliards
• Investissments privés: €1.7
B milliards
Operateurs de détail (Orange,SFR, Bouygues
Telecom, Numericable, Free)
Operateurs de gros (Altitude, Axione, Covage,
SFR collectivités,..)
Les opérateurs privés
Possibilité d’exercer une activité d’opérateur[
Article L.1425-1, Code général des collectivités
territoriales, 2004].
Etablir et exploiter des réseaux d’initiative
publique (RIP) (Marché de gros uniquement)
Les collectivités territoriales
BILAN
16. 16
Où en sommes nous:
les infrastructures numériques
Beaucoup de travail fait sur les RIP depuis 10 ans et des
projets… mais la France à la traîne dans les classements
européens et mondiaux
FTTH council, 2015
Nécessité de financements privés de long-terme
17. 17
Jeux d’acteurs sur le FTTH (vue schématique)
Opérateurs
multi-locaux :
Adista, Knet,
VideoFutur,
Nordnet, Coriolis,
Canal+, etc…
Faible densité
en ZTD
Faible densité
en zones AMII
Zones très denses
(5,5 millions de logements)
Zones AMII
(12 millions de logements)
Zones d’initiative publique
(15,5 millions de logements)
Opérateurs
de gros
Opérateurs
de détail
Territoires sans
initiative publique
20. 20
TELECOM NETWORK STRUCTURE
A LAYERED MODEL
Services, Content & Apps
(residential, public & business)
Active Network
(network equipments,
business & operation support)
Passive Infrastructure
(trenches, ducts, fibre)
End-user
>200 B€
Investment
needed
Payback
Few m-3 y
5-7 y
10-15 y
20%
80%
Each layer has very a different financial profile and need to be addressed adequately
21. 21
NO FIT BETWEEN INVESTMENT PROFILES
AND INFRASTRUCTURE OPPORTUNITIES
ROI
Risk
Infrastructure roll out
Lack of investment in NGA
networks
Infrastructure
Funds
Telecom Operators
Insufficient ROI:
• Cherry picking
• Digital Gap
• Wait and see
High risk :
•No focus on Telecom
• Wait and see
COMPETITION AND INCENTIVE
FOR INVESTMENTS
Solution calls for: CAPEX reduction to increase ROI & long-term commercial
agreements to lower risk
22. 22
TELECOM INDUSTRY DOES NOT SEEM TO FULLY
MEET THE REQUIREMENTS OF INFRASTRUCTURE FUNDS
very low
Indication of sectorial funds
focus over the next two years
0 1 2 3 4 5
10.Infrastructure
services
1.Energy
2.Roads
3.Rail/Metro
4.Ports
5.Airports
6.Water
7.Waste
8.PPP/PFI
9.Telecoms
Conditions for infrastructure
funds to invest
Investors seeking exposure to a periodic,
stable and guaranteed cash flows
Need for a regulated market with
contained competition and strong barriers
to entry
Necessity to make investments fit with
infrastructure funds’ risk profile:
Advocate for separation of passive
layer vs. active and retail to lower
risk on the passive layer part
Guarantee of a single fibre network
in case of operating cable operators
Participation of the incumbent in
the Netco preferred
very high
Source: Contribution, Deloitte 2010, Arthur D. Little
COMPETITION AND
INCENTIVE FOR
INVESTMENTS
24. 24
Vitis, new Triple Play operator on the French Market
Vitis Objectives and ambition
► Accompany the profound change in consumer uses through
high-speed broadband, with new video services and TV-
cinema offerings that have "delinearized" and personalized
► Opening up the territories, and avoiding a new digital divide,
VITIS is a new alternative operator, 100% fiber, 100%
Consumer, 100% RIP
► VITIS capitalizes on VideoFutur brand, known by 33% French
people
Vitis, a new internet access provider - 100% fiber
Total amount of the
investment :
21 M€
Caisse des Dépôts part :
7 M€
Vitis shareholders are :
Netgem : 54,8%
Caisse des Dépôts : 33%
Océinde : 11,9 %
This “public interest” investment benefits directly the RIP. It makes it possible to increase their attractiveness, and
indirectly benefit to national telecom operators by the market dynamics that the new company will initiate
25. 25
Belvedere, a mobile coverage facilitator in France
Belvédère objectives
► Belvédère is an industrial and financial vehicle, initiated by Caisse des Dépôts,
associated with a TowerCo bringing its industrial know-how and experience in the
construction and operation of infrastructure
► The purpose of this vehicle is to participate in the mobile coverage of the 268 town
centers and the 1,300 strategic mobile sites announced by the Government, providing
a global service, with the provision and maintenance of the pylons and “high points”
► A Positioning for local authorities and mobile operators
► The industrial and financial vehicle makes it possible to optimize the costs for the
communities and the operators thanks to an industrial logic
The current pattern of state subsidization of community projects does not satisfy all
elected officials, leaving too much of the investment to be borne by the communities.
Belvédère enables Caisse des Dépôts to position itself on the long term on this
issue
26. 26
European Broadband Fund
• Caisse des Dépôts co-founder of this European Broadband Fund
• This is a Fund for high-speed broadband Projects in Europe in the “White Zones”
• Fund size: between 400 and 600 m €
• Several investors such as NPBIs, European Commission, EIBI, private investors,
FEIS (Juncker)
• Why are we involded and enthusiastic ?
• a complementary vehicle to the Caisse des Dépôts' equity activity in order to
achieve the high speed broadband target for all in 2022 (in parallel with our
other actions)
• an encouragement for bank financing of "small projects" in France
• a beautiful project that allows collaboration with our Italian counterparts (Casa
de Depositi) and Germans (KFW) as well as the European Commission and
the EIB