E. cell cycle check your learning
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- The document provides a series of questions and multiple choice answers related to cell division, the cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis, and genetics. - It tests understanding of key concepts like DNA replication, chromosome structure, stages of the cell cycle, the number of chromosomes in human body and gamete cells, and more. - Reviewing the questions and choosing answers provides an opportunity for self-testing on these important topics in cell biology.
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E. cell cycle check your learning
- 1. •Take some time to consider the question before moving to the next slide which offers the correct answer. •Write your answer down before you see the actual answer, this will allow you to test yourself more effectively. CHECK YOUR LEARNING Cell Cycle, Cell Division
- 2. What does a eukaryotic genome look like? A) One circular molecule (chromosome) of DNA and sometimes some additional small pieces called plasmids. B) Pairs of linear chromosomes organized in a nucleus. C) Pairs of linear chromosomes organized at a nucleoid. D) All of an organism’s genetic information.
- 3. What does a eukaryotic genome look like? A) One circular molecule (chromosome) of DNA and sometimes some additional small pieces called plasmids. B) Pairs of linear chromosomes organized in a nucleus. C) Pairs of linear chromosomes organized at a nucleoid. D) All of an organism’s genetic information.
- 4. Which terms (in the order given) below are the best choice for filling in the blanks in the following sentence? Human body (somatic) cells have _____ chromosomes organized in ____ pairs. These somatic cells are ____________. Human gametes (egg and sperm) have ________ chromosomes and are referred to as being __________. A) 46, linear, haploid, 23, diploid B) 23, linear, haploid, 46, diploid. C) 46, linear, diploid, 23, haploid D) 46, circular, diploid, 23, haploid
- 5. Which terms (in the order given) below are the best choice for filling in the blanks in the following sentence? Human body (somatic) cells have _____ chromosomes organized in ____ pairs. These somatic cells are ____________. Human gametes (egg and sperm) have ________ chromosomes and are referred to as being __________. A) 46, linear, haploid, 23, diploid B) 23, linear, haploid, 46, diploid. C) 46, linear, diploid, 23, haploid D) 46, circular, diploid, 23, haploid
- 6. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Cell Reproduction Which of the following about homologous chromosomes is true? A) The genes on homologous chromosomes are identical. B) X and Y are the only identical homologous chromosomes. C) Each copy of a homologous pair comes from the same parent. D) The genes of homologous chromosomes are found at the same locus.
- 7. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/ Cell Reproduction Which of the following about homologous chromosomes is true? A) The genes on homologous chromosomes are identical. B) X and Y are the only identical homologous chromosomes. C) Each copy of a homologous pair comes from the same parent. D) The genes of homologous chromosomes are found at the same locus.
- 8. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Cell Reproduction A human sperm cell has how many chromosomes? A) 12 B) 23 C) 46 D) 14
- 9. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Saylor OER. "Biology « Saylor.org – Free Online Courses Built by Professors." CC BY 3.0 http://www.saylor.org/majors/Biology/ Cell Reproduction A human sperm cell has how many chromosomes? A) 12 B) 23 C) 46 D) 14
- 10. Why do organisms need to undergo cell division? A) Growth of the organism (multicellular organisms) B) Reproduction (unicellular organisms) C) Repair of cells and tissues D) All of the above
- 11. Why do organisms need to undergo cell division? A) Growth of the organism (multicellular organisms) B) Reproduction (unicellular organisms) C) Repair of cells and tissues D) All of the above
- 12. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Cell Reproduction How does the genome of a diploid organism ensure that it does not have exactly the same traits as another organism? A) The chromosomes are able to circularize, forming new combinations of genes B) The genome is packaged into chromosome pairs, with each member of a pair inherited from a parent C) The blood type of an organism defines its traits D) All X and Y chromosomes are different and control the unique characteristics of an organism
- 13. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/ Cell Reproduction How does the genome of a diploid organism ensure that it does not have exactly the same traits as another organism? A) The chromosomes are able to circularize, forming new combinations of genes B) The genome is packaged into chromosome pairs, with each member of a pair inherited from a parent C) The blood type of an organism defines its traits D) All X and Y chromosomes are different and control the unique characteristics of an organism
- 14. What is the major purpose of DNA compaction? A) To allow DNA to fit into the cell, especially during times where the DNA is replicated (preceding mitosis or meiosis). B) To allow for better use of genes. C) To ensure that genes are not lost. D) To allow for more efficient aerobic respiration.
- 15. What is the major purpose of DNA compaction? A) To allow DNA to fit into the cell, especially during times where the DNA is replicated (preceding mitosis or meiosis). B) To allow for better use of genes. C) To ensure that genes are not lost. D) To allow for more efficient aerobic respiration.
- 16. During DNA compaction the nucleosomes form “beads on a string” of DNA, and between the beads are linker DNA. These coil further into 30 nm diameter fibers referred to as _______________. A) histones B) scaffolds C) chromatids D) chromatin
- 17. During DNA compaction the nucleosomes form “beads on a string” of DNA, and between the beads are linker DNA. These coil further into 30 nm diameter fibers referred to as _______________. A) histones B) scaffolds C) chromatids D) chromatin
- 18. During DNA compaction the DNA is wound around histone proteins to form a structure called a nucleosome. How many histone proteins are in each nucleosome? A) one B) four C) eight D) ten
- 19. During DNA compaction the DNA is wound around histone proteins to form a structure called a nucleosome. How many histone proteins are in each nucleosome? A) one B) four C) eight D) ten
- 20. Define each of these terms: cell cycle centromere chromatid diploid gamete gene genome haploid histone homologous chromosomes locus Nucleosome Answers are in your reading.
- 21. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Cell Reproduction If cellular division in an organism were to cease, which of the following would occur? A) The organism would be unable to replace dying or damaged cells. B) The organism would have to rely on asexual reproduction. C) The organism would have to rely on sexual reproduction. D) all of these answers
- 22. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/ Cell Reproduction If cellular division in an organism were to cease, which of the following would occur? A) The organism would be unable to replace dying or damaged cells. B) The organism would have to rely on asexual reproduction. C) The organism would have to rely on sexual reproduction. D) all of these answers
- 23. What is the cell cycle? A) Production of gametes. B) An ordered sequence of events that a cell passes through between one cell division and the next. C) Growth of an organism. D) All of the above
- 24. What is the cell cycle? A) Production of gametes. B) An ordered sequence of events that a cell passes through between one cell division and the next. C) Growth of an organism. D) All of the above
- 25. Just to be clear.....the cell cycle as described in your readings is something that cells do only when they are undergoing cell division! When they are not actively dividing, then they enter a stage called Go where the cell cycle is arrested. Cells are still metabolically active in Go, they just aren’t actively dividing. Cell division only happens when organisms need it to. Remember – uncontrolled cell division is a problem (think tumor cells). Nerve cells for example, stay in Go once they reach maturity, and typically never enter the cell cycle again.
- 26. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Cell Reproduction Chromosomes are duplicated during what stage of the cell cycle? A) S phase B) G1 phase C) all of these answers D) G2 phase
- 27. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com OpenStax OER. "Biology." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/col11448/latest Cell Reproduction Chromosomes are duplicated during what stage of the cell cycle? A) S phase B) G1 phase C) all of these answers D) G2 phase
- 28. Which of the following has the correct labels for A, B and C? A) A = meiotic phase, B = meiosis, C = cytokinesis B) A = mitotic phase, B = meiosis, C = cytokinesis C) A = mitotic phase, B = mitosis, C = cytokinesis D) A = mitotic phase, B = mitosis, C = karyokinesis Which of the following is the correct order of events in mitosis? A. B C
- 29. Which of the following has the correct labels for A, B and C? A) A = meiotic phase, B = meiosis, C = cytokinesis B) A = mitotic phase, B = meiosis, C = cytokinesis C) A = mitotic phase, B = mitosis, C = cytokinesis D) A = mitotic phase, B = mitosis, C = karyokinesis Which of the following is the correct order of events in mitosis? A. B C
- 30. What is the purpose of mitosis? A) To ensure correct cell division takes place. B) To form gametes. C) To ensure DNA synthesis is accurate. D) To ensure each new daughter cell resulting from cell division has an identical nucleus (nuclear division).
- 31. What is the purpose of mitosis? A) To ensure correct cell division takes place. B) To form gametes. C) To ensure DNA synthesis is accurate. D) To ensure each new daughter cell resulting from cell division has an identical nucleus (nuclear division).
- 32. Which of the following is the correct order of events in mitosis? A) Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. The kinetochore becomes attached to the mitotic spindle. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides. Cohesin proteins break down and the sister chromatids separate. B) The kinetochore becomes attached to the mitotic spindle. Cohesin proteins break down and the sister chromatids separate. Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides.. C) The kinetochore becomes attached to the cohesin proteins. Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. The kinetochore breaks down and the sister chromatids separate. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides. D) The kinetochore becomes attached to the mitotic spindle. Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. Cohesin proteins break down and the sister chromatids separate. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides.
- 33. Which of the following is the correct order of events in mitosis? A) Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. The kinetochore becomes attached to the mitotic spindle. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides. Cohesin proteins break down and the sister chromatids separate. B) The kinetochore becomes attached to the mitotic spindle. Cohesin proteins break down and the sister chromatids separate. Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides.. C) The kinetochore becomes attached to the cohesin proteins. Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. The kinetochore breaks down and the sister chromatids separate. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides. D) The kinetochore becomes attached to the mitotic spindle. Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. Cohesin proteins break down and the sister chromatids separate. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides.
- 34. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Cell Reproduction The drug colchicine inhibits the formation of spindle fibers. If you treat dividing cells with colchicine, what would you expect the result to be? A) The cells would be unable to divide and eventually die. B) The sister chromatids would all segregate to the same daughter cell. C) The chromosomes would segregate randomly into each daughter cell. D) The chromosomes would line up along the metaphase plate but not separate.
- 35. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/ Cell Reproduction The drug colchicine inhibits the formation of spindle fibers. If you treat dividing cells with colchicine, what would you expect the result to be? A) The cells would be unable to divide and eventually die. B) The sister chromatids would all segregate to the same daughter cell. C) The chromosomes would segregate randomly into each daughter cell. D) The chromosomes would line up along the metaphase plate but not separate.
- 36. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Cell Reproduction The mitotic spindles arise from which cell structure? A) centromere B) kinetochore C) cleavage furrow D) centrosome
- 37. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com OpenStax OER. "Biology." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/col11448/latest Cell Reproduction The mitotic spindles arise from which cell structure? A) centromere B) kinetochore C) cleavage furrow D) centrosome
- 38. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Cell Reproduction What do you predict would happen if only one microtubule attatched to a pair of sister chromatids during mitosis? A) The sister chromatids would fail to separate and be pulled to the same pole. B) The sister chromatids would become tangled and break during separation. C) The sister chromatids would separate normally. D) Cellular division would be arrested.
- 39. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/ Cell Reproduction What do you predict would happen if only one microtubule attatched to a pair of sister chromatids during mitosis? A) The sister chromatids would fail to separate and be pulled to the same pole. B) The sister chromatids would become tangled and break during separation. C) The sister chromatids would separate normally. D) Cellular division would be arrested.
- 40. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Cell Reproduction Attachment of the mitotic spindle fibers to the kinetochores is a characteristic of which stage of mitosis? A) prophase B) metaphase C) anaphase D) prometaphase
- 41. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com OpenStax OER. "Biology." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/col11448/latest Cell Reproduction Attachment of the mitotic spindle fibers to the kinetochores is a characteristic of which stage of mitosis? A) prophase B) metaphase C) anaphase D) prometaphase
- 42. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Cell Reproduction Which of the following events occurs during the prophase stage of mitosis? A) The cell grows in size. B) The cell membrane pinches off and splits into two daughter cells. C) Identical chromosomes align themselves along the equator of the cell. D) The nuclear membrane disappears
- 43. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com OpenStax OER. "Biology." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/col11448/latest Cell Reproduction Which of the following events occurs during the prophase stage of mitosis? A) The cell grows in size. B) The cell membrane pinches off and splits into two daughter cells. C) Identical chromosomes align themselves along the equator of the cell. D) The nuclear membrane disappears
- 44. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Cell Reproduction Which of the following statements about the products of a single diploid cell that has gone through mitosis is true? A) One diploid cell will have formed two genetically diverse cells. B) One diploid cell will have formed four separate cells. C) One diploid cell will have formed three separate cells. D) One diploid cell will have formed two identical diploid cells.
- 45. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Cell Reproduction Which of the following statements about the products of a single diploid cell that has gone through mitosis is true? A) One diploid cell will have formed two genetically diverse cells. B) One diploid cell will have formed four separate cells. C) One diploid cell will have formed three separate cells. D) One diploid cell will have formed two identical diploid cells.
- 46. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Cell Reproduction Identical copies of chromatin held together by cohesin at the centromere are called _____. A) histones B) nucleosomes C) chromatin D) sister chromatids
- 47. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com OpenStax OER. "Biology." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/col11448/latest Cell Reproduction Identical copies of chromatin held together by cohesin at the centromere are called _____. A) histones B) nucleosomes C) chromatin D) sister chromatids