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Earth unit powerpoint

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Laura Smith
Laura Smith

This document provides information about Earth's interior layers, plate tectonics, and rocks and minerals. It begins with an introduction to Earth's layered structure, including the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. It then discusses plate tectonics, explaining concepts such as tectonic plates, subduction, volcanoes, earthquakes, and mountain building. Finally, it covers rocks and minerals, defining igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks as well as methods for mineral identification. Videos and simulations are also referenced to supplement learning about these topics.

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Earth’s Interior Plate Tectonics Rocks and Minerals
Starter Activities: Choose one!!  Listing Layers - Make a list of objects that have layers. Create a T chart with the Earth’s Layers on one side and your chosen object on the other. Compare the two.  What Forms a Crust? - List things that form crusts. Examples: Glue, gravy, pudding, etc. Do a quick-write about what causes these things to form a crust.
Layers of the Earth to Scale  Inner core = 1300 km = 13.0 cm  Outer core = 2250 km = 22.5 cm  Mantle = 2900 km = 29.0 cm  Crust = 300 km = 3.0 cm  Mt. Everest = 5 km = .5 mm  Mariana Trench = 15 km = 1.5 mm  Space shuttle = 300 km = 3 cm
Earth’s Interior with vocabulary Crust: The thin solid outermost layer of Earth; is continental (landmasses) or oceanic (ocean bottoms) crusts Lithosphere: The cool, rigid, outermost layer of Earth includes the crust; pieces of this layer are called lithospheric plates
 Asthenosphere: The solid layer with plasticity in the upper mantle that is located just below the lithosphere; lithospheric plates “float” and move on this layer  Mantle: layer of Earth between the crust and the core; it is not a liquid, but more like a hot, plastic material (think GAK)  Convection currents: Transfer of thermal energy in which warmer fluid ( plastic like) rises and cooler fluid (plastic like) sinks
 Outer Core: The outer shell of Earth’s core; surrounds the inner core and is made of liquid nickel and iron  Inner Core: The sphere of solid nickel and iron at the center of Earth; surrounded by the liquid outer core
Videos and Simulations For Earth Layers Bill Nye Earth’s Crust  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MucQmSIKElU&feature=r elated  People running on Oobleck video – represents what plasticity may look like and how the Asthenosphere and Mantle are  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHlAcASsf6U  Mr. Lee Layers of the Earth Rap Song  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RiHRI_Z2Kgs
Earth unit powerpoint
PLATE TECTONICS!
Tectonic Plates: Huge pieces of lithosphere that slowly move on the asthenosphere. It consists of the crust and the rigid, uppermost part of the mantle Subduction: Occurs when one plate is denser than another and is forced below as the two plates converge at their boundary
 Volcanic Eruptions: Major geological events that occur when a dense plate subducts below a less dense plate as they converge  Earthquakes: Major geological events that occur when plates shift suddenly and release stored energy; a frequent occurrence at transform boundaries
 Mountain Building: Major geological event that occurs when continental plates of equal density converge  Ocean Basins: Movement of plates create dense oceanic crust that sinks lower in the asthenosphere, resulting in depressions on Earth’s surface that fill with water
Videos and Simulations For Plate Tectonics  Earth 100 Million years from now  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uGcDed4xVD4&feature=r elated 2 minutes  The Early Earth and Plate Tectonics  Http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QDqskltCixA 4 minutes edited  Plate Tectonics: Divergent/ Convergent boundaries, seafloor spreading, volcanoes  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ryrXAGY1dmE&feature=r elated
Plate Boundaries  Convergent plate boundary: formed where two sections of Earth’s crust are colliding  Divergent plate boundary: forms were lithospheric plates are moving away from each other
 Transform plate boundary: boundary between two lithospheric plates where the plates are sliding past each other  Mid-ocean ridge: undersea mountain range that forms where two parts of Earth’s crust are pushing apart (divergent plate boundary)  Uplift: Pushing up of Earth’s crust by forces within Earth, such as the action of two lithospheric plates moving toward each other
Earth unit powerpoint
Bill Nye video  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MucQmSIKElU  24 minutes  Students need to write 5 interesting things they find in the video in their journal. Must be in complete sentences. Land Beneath the Earth worksheet for the remainder of the time. Students should be working quietly, and raise their hand if they need help.
Earthquakes!!  How earthquakes work: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zNyVPsj8zc&feature=fvwrel 2 ½ minutes  Seattle Quake: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V0WuSCaTYI0&f eature=relmfu 2 ½ minutes
Volcanoes!!  Erupting volcano: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DceHEBGVfj4 2 minutes  Mt St. Helens: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xP2dreOI8gI&fea ture=endscreen&NR=1 7 ½ minutes  Volcano forming in the ocean: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CsKTzBZNjtE&fe ature=endscreen&NR=1 1 ½ minutes
Tsunamis  2011 Japan Tsunami – Japan tsunami ravaging the city of Kesennuma https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iQfdl7y-blE 6 minutes How a tsunami is made – 1 minute  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iMbC7CN10kM&f eature=related
Rock Cycle
 Rock cycle – a cycle of processes undergone by rocks in and on the earth’s crust
Rock Cycle Animation  http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks3bitesize/science/en vironment_earth_universe/rock_cycle/activity.shtml
Rocks  Igneous Rock: Rock formed when heated magma or lava cools and hardens  Sedimentary Rock: Rock formed when sediments deposited in layers, compact, and cement together under pressure over long periods of time  Metamorphic Rock: Rock deep within Earth’s crust that has been exposed to extreme heat and pressure causing changes to its appearance, structure, and composition
Earth unit powerpoint
Videos and Simulations For Rocks and Minerals Types of Rocks Song  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lE3jR_RhxO4&feature=rel mfu Mr. Lee’s Rock Cycle Rap  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rkGVE6wNAzo&feature=relmfu Rock Cycle Song (Life is a Highway)  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=53lMdHzvGCQ&feature=r elated
Mineral Identification Ways that help identify a mineral:  Luster – how shiny or dull a mineral appears  Streak – what is left behind when a mineral is scratched across a streak plate  Hardness – Mohs hardness scale, how hard a mineral actually is  Color – the color of the mineral  Magnetism – is the mineral magnetic or not  Taste – does the mineral have a specific, identifying taste
Mohs Hardness Scale  How you can identify minerals by hardness
Rock Cycle  http://www.learner.org/interactives/rockcycle/diagra m.html Rock Cycle Simulation activity

More Related Content

Earth unit powerpoint

  • 2. Starter Activities: Choose one!!  Listing Layers - Make a list of objects that have layers. Create a T chart with the Earth’s Layers on one side and your chosen object on the other. Compare the two.  What Forms a Crust? - List things that form crusts. Examples: Glue, gravy, pudding, etc. Do a quick-write about what causes these things to form a crust.
  • 3. Layers of the Earth to Scale  Inner core = 1300 km = 13.0 cm  Outer core = 2250 km = 22.5 cm  Mantle = 2900 km = 29.0 cm  Crust = 300 km = 3.0 cm  Mt. Everest = 5 km = .5 mm  Mariana Trench = 15 km = 1.5 mm  Space shuttle = 300 km = 3 cm
  • 4. Earth’s Interior with vocabulary Crust: The thin solid outermost layer of Earth; is continental (landmasses) or oceanic (ocean bottoms) crusts Lithosphere: The cool, rigid, outermost layer of Earth includes the crust; pieces of this layer are called lithospheric plates
  • 5.  Asthenosphere: The solid layer with plasticity in the upper mantle that is located just below the lithosphere; lithospheric plates “float” and move on this layer  Mantle: layer of Earth between the crust and the core; it is not a liquid, but more like a hot, plastic material (think GAK)  Convection currents: Transfer of thermal energy in which warmer fluid ( plastic like) rises and cooler fluid (plastic like) sinks
  • 6.  Outer Core: The outer shell of Earth’s core; surrounds the inner core and is made of liquid nickel and iron  Inner Core: The sphere of solid nickel and iron at the center of Earth; surrounded by the liquid outer core
  • 7. Videos and Simulations For Earth Layers Bill Nye Earth’s Crust  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MucQmSIKElU&feature=r elated  People running on Oobleck video – represents what plasticity may look like and how the Asthenosphere and Mantle are  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHlAcASsf6U  Mr. Lee Layers of the Earth Rap Song  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RiHRI_Z2Kgs
  • 10. Tectonic Plates: Huge pieces of lithosphere that slowly move on the asthenosphere. It consists of the crust and the rigid, uppermost part of the mantle Subduction: Occurs when one plate is denser than another and is forced below as the two plates converge at their boundary
  • 11.  Volcanic Eruptions: Major geological events that occur when a dense plate subducts below a less dense plate as they converge  Earthquakes: Major geological events that occur when plates shift suddenly and release stored energy; a frequent occurrence at transform boundaries
  • 12.  Mountain Building: Major geological event that occurs when continental plates of equal density converge  Ocean Basins: Movement of plates create dense oceanic crust that sinks lower in the asthenosphere, resulting in depressions on Earth’s surface that fill with water
  • 13. Videos and Simulations For Plate Tectonics  Earth 100 Million years from now  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uGcDed4xVD4&feature=r elated 2 minutes  The Early Earth and Plate Tectonics  Http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QDqskltCixA 4 minutes edited  Plate Tectonics: Divergent/ Convergent boundaries, seafloor spreading, volcanoes  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ryrXAGY1dmE&feature=r elated
  • 14. Plate Boundaries  Convergent plate boundary: formed where two sections of Earth’s crust are colliding  Divergent plate boundary: forms were lithospheric plates are moving away from each other
  • 15.  Transform plate boundary: boundary between two lithospheric plates where the plates are sliding past each other  Mid-ocean ridge: undersea mountain range that forms where two parts of Earth’s crust are pushing apart (divergent plate boundary)  Uplift: Pushing up of Earth’s crust by forces within Earth, such as the action of two lithospheric plates moving toward each other
  • 17. Bill Nye video  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MucQmSIKElU  24 minutes  Students need to write 5 interesting things they find in the video in their journal. Must be in complete sentences. Land Beneath the Earth worksheet for the remainder of the time. Students should be working quietly, and raise their hand if they need help.
  • 18. Earthquakes!!  How earthquakes work: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zNyVPsj8zc&feature=fvwrel 2 ½ minutes  Seattle Quake: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V0WuSCaTYI0&f eature=relmfu 2 ½ minutes
  • 19. Volcanoes!!  Erupting volcano: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DceHEBGVfj4 2 minutes  Mt St. Helens: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xP2dreOI8gI&fea ture=endscreen&NR=1 7 ½ minutes  Volcano forming in the ocean: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CsKTzBZNjtE&fe ature=endscreen&NR=1 1 ½ minutes
  • 20. Tsunamis  2011 Japan Tsunami – Japan tsunami ravaging the city of Kesennuma https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iQfdl7y-blE 6 minutes How a tsunami is made – 1 minute  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iMbC7CN10kM&f eature=related
  • 22.  Rock cycle – a cycle of processes undergone by rocks in and on the earth’s crust
  • 23. Rock Cycle Animation  http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks3bitesize/science/en vironment_earth_universe/rock_cycle/activity.shtml
  • 24. Rocks  Igneous Rock: Rock formed when heated magma or lava cools and hardens  Sedimentary Rock: Rock formed when sediments deposited in layers, compact, and cement together under pressure over long periods of time  Metamorphic Rock: Rock deep within Earth’s crust that has been exposed to extreme heat and pressure causing changes to its appearance, structure, and composition
  • 26. Videos and Simulations For Rocks and Minerals Types of Rocks Song  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lE3jR_RhxO4&feature=rel mfu Mr. Lee’s Rock Cycle Rap  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rkGVE6wNAzo&feature=relmfu Rock Cycle Song (Life is a Highway)  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=53lMdHzvGCQ&feature=r elated
  • 27. Mineral Identification Ways that help identify a mineral:  Luster – how shiny or dull a mineral appears  Streak – what is left behind when a mineral is scratched across a streak plate  Hardness – Mohs hardness scale, how hard a mineral actually is  Color – the color of the mineral  Magnetism – is the mineral magnetic or not  Taste – does the mineral have a specific, identifying taste
  • 28. Mohs Hardness Scale  How you can identify minerals by hardness