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Endangered animals and national park of pakistan.

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Rimsha Pahore

Giant pandas are no longer considered endangered but are still vulnerable. They live almost exclusively on bamboo and have been threatened by habitat loss and poaching. WWF works to protect panda reserves in China, which now cover over 3.8 million acres. Deosai National Park in Pakistan was established in 1993 to protect the endangered Himalayan brown bear and its habitat. It contains rare flowers and wildlife like the brown bear, Himalayan ibex, and over 124 bird species. Though hunting threatened populations, bans on poaching have allowed brown bear numbers to increase from 19 to 40 since 1993. The park aims to preserve this high alpine ecosystem and its endangered species.

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University of Sindh Jamshoro Name: Rimsha Pahore Group: Group B Subject: Wild Life Assignment topic: Endangered Species and National Park
Endangered Species An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular area. Endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as pollution, less food supply, atmospheric change, and hunting. The international union of conservation of nature (IUCN) red list the global conservation status of many species, and various other agencies the status of species within particular areas. Many nations have laws that protect these endangered species which for example forbid hunting, restrict land development, or create protected Area. Panda Taxonomy Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Mamalia Order Carnivora Family Ursidae Genius Aliuropoda Species melanoleuca  Morphology of Pandas:- The Pandas are mammals with its distinctive black and white coat they are adored by the world and considered a national treasure in china. This bear also has a special significance for WWF because it has been their logo since founding in 1961. Giant Panda ( Aliuropoda melanoleuca)
Giant panda’s ears, muzzle, eyes, shoulders and legs are black while the rest of the body is white. Their thick hair protects them from cold and keeps their body warm. An adult panda can weigh up to 150kg with male 10% larger and 20% heavier than female. They have good geographical memory, hearing, and sense of smell, but their sight is poor. However they have cat like pupils so they can still see adequately to move around at night. Giant pandas paws have five fingers facing forward and one thumb and enlarged bone at the heel of paw used for gripping bamboo, climbing trees etc.  Eating habits of pandas:- They have two unique physical features that help them to hold, crush and eat bamboo number one broad flat molar teeth and enlarged wrist bone. Indeed as members of the bear family giant pandas posses the digestive system of a carnivore although they have evolved to depend almost entirely on bamboo.  When and Why Giant Panda become Endangered:- Giant pandas first became endangered in 1990 due to excessive poaching in the 80s and deforestation, depleting their bamboo food source. A fickle species bamboo can grow extensively in the mountainous or barren lands, but then dies in the winter. This forces giant pandas in those areas to relocate for their food. A panda’s daily diet consists almost entirely of the leaves, stems, and shoots of various bamboo species. The bamboo consumed by the giant pandas in their current habitat are classified into 40 kinds in 9 genera, although bamboo contains very little nutritional value so pandas must eat 12-38kg every day to meet their energy needs. (Almost 12 hours a day)
Humans have cleared much of the bamboo forests that pandas need to survive , because pandas eat only bamboo they cannot adopt to live outside of those forests the way other animals do, unless pandas are provided with bamboo. Pandas also have difficulty reproducing even in the captivity due to their extreme choosiness about their mate, their low nutrient milk and the fact that they usually only have one viable cub at the time. Poaching is also an issue for pandas, since pandas skins and pelts are valuable on black market.  WWF actions in Conservation of Giant Pandas:- 1) Increasing the area of panda habitat under legal protection 2) Creating green corridors to link isolated pandas 3) Patrolling against poaching, illegal logging, and encroachment. 4) Building local capacities for nature reserve management 5) Continuing research and monitoring on giant pandas. 6) Wildlife protection law 1988 banned panda poaching made it capital offense. WWF has been working with the Chinese government’s national conservation program for the giant panda and its habitat. Thanks to this program, panda reserves now cover more than 3.8 million acres of forest.  Current Status of Giant pandas according to IUCN:- Giant pandas are no longer an endangered species they are now considered vulnerable of extinction by the IUCN due to the fact that pandas reproduce so infrequently, it is very difficult for their population to recover from such a low point. But it does not mean that pandas are safe, the IUCN says that in the next 80 years climate change could destroy more than 35 percentages of bamboo forests, where pandas live on a bamboo only diet.
National Park of Pakistan It may be define as in area declared by the government for the protection and preservation of its existing flora and fauna. Pakistan has 29 protected areas known as national Park the oldest national park among these is Lal suhanra in Bahawalpur district established in 1972, it is the only national park that established before the independence of the nation in August 1947. The main purpose of this area was to protect the wildlife of cholistan desert. Central karakoram in Gilgit Baltistan is currently the largest national park in the country, spanning over a total approximate area of 1,390,100. The smallest national park is the Ayub covering a total approximate area of 931 hectares. Prohibited acts of National Park  Hunting, capturing, shooting, trapping and killing of any wild animal is inhabited.  Firing of weapons  Burning, Destroying or removal of plants.  Clearing of land for cultivation  Constructive of roads, railways line etc.  Polluting water flowing through national park.  Surface mining.
Deosai National Park of Pakistan The plateaus’ environment is characterized by the extreme cold with low atmospheric pressure coupled with low oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels, aridity, intense and rapid solar ultraviolet radiation. The park is part of the conservation international Himalayan biodiversity and contains a rich variety of species and it is well known for its rich flora and fauna. In spring it is covered by sweeps of wildflower and wide range of butterflies. The park lies within the birdlife international’s western Himalaya endemic bird area and is important as a resting place and breeding ground of residential and migratory birds of international importance. The Deosai National Park was established in 1993 to protect the survival of the Himalayan brown bear and its habitat and also home to the Himalayan ibex, red fox gray wolf, snow leopard, and birds in the park include the golden eagle, peregrine falcon. The undulating meadows here have no trees or shrubs and the area is snow covered for most parts of the year. The most enchanting feature of the Deosai plateau is its Deosai means the land of Giants it is a high altitude alpine plain and national park in the northern Pakistan region of Gilgit Baltistan. Deosai plains are situated at an average elevation of 4,114 meters above sea level and considered as the second highest plateaus in the world.
huge field of alpine flowers, the scale of which is largest in the Karakorum and the western Himalayas. Spring comes to Deosai late when millions of the wild flowers begin to bloom all over the lush green grassland, this is the time when Deosai looks like a fairies land with a landscape full of wild flowers on green rolling hills and crystal clear water streams with snow covered peaks in the background, and other varieties of flower which are as a source of food for the wildlife in the area, they also have medicinal value and used by the locals for many cures. Birds and Animals of Deosai National Park The threats brown bears are facing recreational activities, garbage and solid waste, illegal hunting, human disturbance, habitat loss and competition for forage with domestic livestock. The threats that Himalayan ibex face are illegal hunting, human disturbance, habitat loss and competition for forage with domestic livestock. Deosai National park was established for the protection of the endangered Himalayan bear and its habitat. After banning poachers and the hunters, Pakistan has managed to push through a revival of brown bear population and their number significantly increased from 19 bears in 1993 to 40 in 2005. Himalayan Ibex Himalayan ibex also known as Siberian ibex (Capra ibex sibirica) is a symbol of arid and rocky mountain of karakoram and Himalayas of Gilgit Baltistan. The male have heavy and large horns, while females are small body and small horns. Their lifespan is 16 to 17 years. Brown Bear
Other animals that Deosai contain is lynx, snow leopard, Golden marmot, grey wolf, red fox, and many varieties of birds like chukor Partridge, Golden eagle, peregrine falcon, Indian sparrow hawk snow pigeon and over 124 resident and migratory birds. Since Deosai is on the altitude of about 13, 00 feet above sea, there is no supportof trees or shrubbery on the grassland and Deosai remains a land of denizens which are scattered colonies of large marmots. It is surrounded by the snow capped peaks of Himalayas gives a spectacular look of unique combination of absolutely leveled ground and steepest hills, snow keeps the plateau covered almost eight months in a year, until spring showers its magic and Deosai is mostly well known for its spring season when it is covered by a carpet of millions of flowers and wide range of butterflies and the spot attract the tourists from across the world. Deosai was declared a protected wildlife territory in 1993 and with it the flagship Himalayan brown bear too was protected. And now Deosai national park is also on the tentative list of the UNESCO world heritage site. It is not simply a plateau offering a scenic view of the mountains; it is an immense stretch of land which has to be witnessed, to be felt and to be believed.

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Endangered animals and national park of pakistan.

  • 1. University of Sindh Jamshoro Name: Rimsha Pahore Group: Group B Subject: Wild Life Assignment topic: Endangered Species and National Park
  • 2. Endangered Species An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular area. Endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as pollution, less food supply, atmospheric change, and hunting. The international union of conservation of nature (IUCN) red list the global conservation status of many species, and various other agencies the status of species within particular areas. Many nations have laws that protect these endangered species which for example forbid hunting, restrict land development, or create protected Area. Panda Taxonomy Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Mamalia Order Carnivora Family Ursidae Genius Aliuropoda Species melanoleuca  Morphology of Pandas:- The Pandas are mammals with its distinctive black and white coat they are adored by the world and considered a national treasure in china. This bear also has a special significance for WWF because it has been their logo since founding in 1961. Giant Panda ( Aliuropoda melanoleuca)
  • 3. Giant panda’s ears, muzzle, eyes, shoulders and legs are black while the rest of the body is white. Their thick hair protects them from cold and keeps their body warm. An adult panda can weigh up to 150kg with male 10% larger and 20% heavier than female. They have good geographical memory, hearing, and sense of smell, but their sight is poor. However they have cat like pupils so they can still see adequately to move around at night. Giant pandas paws have five fingers facing forward and one thumb and enlarged bone at the heel of paw used for gripping bamboo, climbing trees etc.  Eating habits of pandas:- They have two unique physical features that help them to hold, crush and eat bamboo number one broad flat molar teeth and enlarged wrist bone. Indeed as members of the bear family giant pandas posses the digestive system of a carnivore although they have evolved to depend almost entirely on bamboo.  When and Why Giant Panda become Endangered:- Giant pandas first became endangered in 1990 due to excessive poaching in the 80s and deforestation, depleting their bamboo food source. A fickle species bamboo can grow extensively in the mountainous or barren lands, but then dies in the winter. This forces giant pandas in those areas to relocate for their food. A panda’s daily diet consists almost entirely of the leaves, stems, and shoots of various bamboo species. The bamboo consumed by the giant pandas in their current habitat are classified into 40 kinds in 9 genera, although bamboo contains very little nutritional value so pandas must eat 12-38kg every day to meet their energy needs. (Almost 12 hours a day)
  • 4. Humans have cleared much of the bamboo forests that pandas need to survive , because pandas eat only bamboo they cannot adopt to live outside of those forests the way other animals do, unless pandas are provided with bamboo. Pandas also have difficulty reproducing even in the captivity due to their extreme choosiness about their mate, their low nutrient milk and the fact that they usually only have one viable cub at the time. Poaching is also an issue for pandas, since pandas skins and pelts are valuable on black market.  WWF actions in Conservation of Giant Pandas:- 1) Increasing the area of panda habitat under legal protection 2) Creating green corridors to link isolated pandas 3) Patrolling against poaching, illegal logging, and encroachment. 4) Building local capacities for nature reserve management 5) Continuing research and monitoring on giant pandas. 6) Wildlife protection law 1988 banned panda poaching made it capital offense. WWF has been working with the Chinese government’s national conservation program for the giant panda and its habitat. Thanks to this program, panda reserves now cover more than 3.8 million acres of forest.  Current Status of Giant pandas according to IUCN:- Giant pandas are no longer an endangered species they are now considered vulnerable of extinction by the IUCN due to the fact that pandas reproduce so infrequently, it is very difficult for their population to recover from such a low point. But it does not mean that pandas are safe, the IUCN says that in the next 80 years climate change could destroy more than 35 percentages of bamboo forests, where pandas live on a bamboo only diet.
  • 5. National Park of Pakistan It may be define as in area declared by the government for the protection and preservation of its existing flora and fauna. Pakistan has 29 protected areas known as national Park the oldest national park among these is Lal suhanra in Bahawalpur district established in 1972, it is the only national park that established before the independence of the nation in August 1947. The main purpose of this area was to protect the wildlife of cholistan desert. Central karakoram in Gilgit Baltistan is currently the largest national park in the country, spanning over a total approximate area of 1,390,100. The smallest national park is the Ayub covering a total approximate area of 931 hectares. Prohibited acts of National Park  Hunting, capturing, shooting, trapping and killing of any wild animal is inhabited.  Firing of weapons  Burning, Destroying or removal of plants.  Clearing of land for cultivation  Constructive of roads, railways line etc.  Polluting water flowing through national park.  Surface mining.
  • 6. Deosai National Park of Pakistan The plateaus’ environment is characterized by the extreme cold with low atmospheric pressure coupled with low oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels, aridity, intense and rapid solar ultraviolet radiation. The park is part of the conservation international Himalayan biodiversity and contains a rich variety of species and it is well known for its rich flora and fauna. In spring it is covered by sweeps of wildflower and wide range of butterflies. The park lies within the birdlife international’s western Himalaya endemic bird area and is important as a resting place and breeding ground of residential and migratory birds of international importance. The Deosai National Park was established in 1993 to protect the survival of the Himalayan brown bear and its habitat and also home to the Himalayan ibex, red fox gray wolf, snow leopard, and birds in the park include the golden eagle, peregrine falcon. The undulating meadows here have no trees or shrubs and the area is snow covered for most parts of the year. The most enchanting feature of the Deosai plateau is its Deosai means the land of Giants it is a high altitude alpine plain and national park in the northern Pakistan region of Gilgit Baltistan. Deosai plains are situated at an average elevation of 4,114 meters above sea level and considered as the second highest plateaus in the world.
  • 7. huge field of alpine flowers, the scale of which is largest in the Karakorum and the western Himalayas. Spring comes to Deosai late when millions of the wild flowers begin to bloom all over the lush green grassland, this is the time when Deosai looks like a fairies land with a landscape full of wild flowers on green rolling hills and crystal clear water streams with snow covered peaks in the background, and other varieties of flower which are as a source of food for the wildlife in the area, they also have medicinal value and used by the locals for many cures. Birds and Animals of Deosai National Park The threats brown bears are facing recreational activities, garbage and solid waste, illegal hunting, human disturbance, habitat loss and competition for forage with domestic livestock. The threats that Himalayan ibex face are illegal hunting, human disturbance, habitat loss and competition for forage with domestic livestock. Deosai National park was established for the protection of the endangered Himalayan bear and its habitat. After banning poachers and the hunters, Pakistan has managed to push through a revival of brown bear population and their number significantly increased from 19 bears in 1993 to 40 in 2005. Himalayan Ibex Himalayan ibex also known as Siberian ibex (Capra ibex sibirica) is a symbol of arid and rocky mountain of karakoram and Himalayas of Gilgit Baltistan. The male have heavy and large horns, while females are small body and small horns. Their lifespan is 16 to 17 years. Brown Bear
  • 8. Other animals that Deosai contain is lynx, snow leopard, Golden marmot, grey wolf, red fox, and many varieties of birds like chukor Partridge, Golden eagle, peregrine falcon, Indian sparrow hawk snow pigeon and over 124 resident and migratory birds. Since Deosai is on the altitude of about 13, 00 feet above sea, there is no supportof trees or shrubbery on the grassland and Deosai remains a land of denizens which are scattered colonies of large marmots. It is surrounded by the snow capped peaks of Himalayas gives a spectacular look of unique combination of absolutely leveled ground and steepest hills, snow keeps the plateau covered almost eight months in a year, until spring showers its magic and Deosai is mostly well known for its spring season when it is covered by a carpet of millions of flowers and wide range of butterflies and the spot attract the tourists from across the world. Deosai was declared a protected wildlife territory in 1993 and with it the flagship Himalayan brown bear too was protected. And now Deosai national park is also on the tentative list of the UNESCO world heritage site. It is not simply a plateau offering a scenic view of the mountains; it is an immense stretch of land which has to be witnessed, to be felt and to be believed.