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Family Cucurbitaceae

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The Cucurbitaceae, also called cucurbits or the gourd family, are a plant family consisting of about 965 species in around 95 genera, of which the most important to humans are: Cucurbita – squash,

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Family Cucurbitaceae

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Cucurbitaceae The family comprises of 100 genera and 850 species distributed mainly in tropical and sub- tropical regions of the world. Most members are cultivated for their edible fruits. The common are: Cucurbita maxima (Kadu), Luffa cylindrica (Ghia tori), Cucumis sativus (Cucumber), Citrullus vulgaris (Water melon) momordica charantia (Karela).

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Distinguish Features of Cucurbita maxima Herbs with weak stems Tendril climber, simple leaves palmate flower unisexual, epigynous, calyx 5 united, corolla 5 to many, stamen 5, Tricapillary, syncarpous, unilocular, inferior ovary.

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Cucurbita maxima (kadu) • Habit: • Tendril climbing herb cultivated • edible fruit • used vegetable. • monoecious • Stem: • Weak, • hairy, • herbaceous, • juicy.

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Leaf • Cauline and ramal, • Alternate, • Exstipulate, • Petiolate (petioles long), • Simple, • Reticulate, • Multicostate, • Leaf lamina palmately • lobed (4 – 7 lobes).

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Flowers of Cucurbita maxima • Male Flower (Staminate Flower) • Bracteate, • Pedicellate, • Incomplete, • Actinomorphic, • Unisexual, • Pentamerous, • Staminate.

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Calyx: • Five sepals, • gamosepalous, • campanulate, • superior.

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Corolla: • Five petals, • polypetalous, • campanulate, • superior.

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Androecium: • Five stamens, • four united in pairs and • one free, • sigmoid, • superior. Gynoecium: The gynoecium is absent.

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Floral Formula: • K(5) C(5) A1+(2)+(2) G_-0.

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Female Flower (Pistillate Flower) • Pedicellate, • Incomplete, • Actinomorphic, • Epigynous, • Unisexual • Pistillate, • Pentamerous.

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Calyx: • Five sepals, • Gamosepalous, • Campanulate, • Superior.

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Five petals, Gamopetalous, Campanulate, uperior. Corolla:

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• Androecium: The androecium is absent. • Gynoecium: • Tricarpellary, • syncarpous, • ovary inferior, • unilocular • ovules, • placentation parietal, • style cylindric, • stigma trilobed.

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Floral Formula: • K(5) C(5) A(0) G(3).

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Family Cucurbitaceae

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Family Cucurbitaceae

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Common Genera • bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) • bur cucumber (genus Sicyos) • bryony (genus Bryonia) • genus Citrulluscolocynth (C. colocynthis) • watermelon (C. lanatus) • chayote (Sechium edule) • cucumber (C. sativus) • gherkin (C. anguria) • melon (C. melo)muskmelon • loofah (genus Luffa) • musk cucumber (Sicana odorifera) • snake gourd (Trichosanthes cucumerina) • squash (genus Cucurbita)

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Family Cucurbitaceae

  • 2. Cucurbitaceae The family comprises of 100 genera and 850 species distributed mainly in tropical and sub- tropical regions of the world. Most members are cultivated for their edible fruits. The common are: Cucurbita maxima (Kadu), Luffa cylindrica (Ghia tori), Cucumis sativus (Cucumber), Citrullus vulgaris (Water melon) momordica charantia (Karela).
  • 3. Distinguish Features of Cucurbita maxima Herbs with weak stems Tendril climber, simple leaves palmate flower unisexual, epigynous, calyx 5 united, corolla 5 to many, stamen 5, Tricapillary, syncarpous, unilocular, inferior ovary.
  • 4. Cucurbita maxima (kadu) • Habit: • Tendril climbing herb cultivated • edible fruit • used vegetable. • monoecious • Stem: • Weak, • hairy, • herbaceous, • juicy.
  • 5. Leaf • Cauline and ramal, • Alternate, • Exstipulate, • Petiolate (petioles long), • Simple, • Reticulate, • Multicostate, • Leaf lamina palmately • lobed (4 – 7 lobes).
  • 6. Flowers of Cucurbita maxima • Male Flower (Staminate Flower) • Bracteate, • Pedicellate, • Incomplete, • Actinomorphic, • Unisexual, • Pentamerous, • Staminate.
  • 7. Calyx: • Five sepals, • gamosepalous, • campanulate, • superior.
  • 8. Corolla: • Five petals, • polypetalous, • campanulate, • superior.
  • 9. Androecium: • Five stamens, • four united in pairs and • one free, • sigmoid, • superior. Gynoecium: The gynoecium is absent.
  • 10. Floral Formula: • K(5) C(5) A1+(2)+(2) G_-0.
  • 11. Female Flower (Pistillate Flower) • Pedicellate, • Incomplete, • Actinomorphic, • Epigynous, • Unisexual • Pistillate, • Pentamerous.
  • 12. Calyx: • Five sepals, • Gamosepalous, • Campanulate, • Superior.
  • 14. • Androecium: The androecium is absent. • Gynoecium: • Tricarpellary, • syncarpous, • ovary inferior, • unilocular • ovules, • placentation parietal, • style cylindric, • stigma trilobed.
  • 15. Floral Formula: • K(5) C(5) A(0) G(3).
  • 18. Common Genera • bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) • bur cucumber (genus Sicyos) • bryony (genus Bryonia) • genus Citrulluscolocynth (C. colocynthis) • watermelon (C. lanatus) • chayote (Sechium edule) • cucumber (C. sativus) • gherkin (C. anguria) • melon (C. melo)muskmelon • loofah (genus Luffa) • musk cucumber (Sicana odorifera) • snake gourd (Trichosanthes cucumerina) • squash (genus Cucurbita)