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family_leguminosae_ppt.pptx

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ShivamYadav65854

This document provides information about the Leguminosae family of plants. It discusses that the Leguminosae family is also known as the pea family, and is the second largest family of dicotyledonous plants. It is widely distributed and economically important. The document outlines the classification of the family and describes characteristics such as their roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. It provides details on their vegetative parts as well as floral characteristics like their inflorescence, calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium. Diagrams are also included to illustrate these structures like the descending imbricate corolla aestivation and floral formula of Pisum sativ

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FAMILY LEGUMINOSAE SHIVAM YADAV BSC (HONS) FORESTRY F/121/22
2 Classification Division : Spermatophyta Sub division:Angiospermae Class : Dicotyledonae Sub class : Polypetalae Series :Calyciflorae Order : Rosales Family : Leguminosae
FAMILY – LEGUMINOSAE / FABACEAE Sub-family 1. Papilionaceae Sub-family 2. Caesalpiniaceae Sub-family 3. Mimosaeae 3
Vegetative Characterstics: -HABIT -ROOT -STEM -LEAVES
 This family is also known as Papilionaceae or Fabaceae or commonly known as pea family. It is considered to be the second largest family of dicotyledonous plants. It is a terrestrial plant widely distributed in temperate and tropical countries of the world. The plants are of great economic importance. They are herbs, shrubs and trees 5
ROOT: • The roots are tap roots, fibrous or tuberous. • The outstanding feature is the presence of roots tubercles or nodules which harbor nitrogen fiing bacteria (Rhizobium) inside them. • Plants are grown to enrich the soil with nitrogenous substances 6 Rhizobia on Root Hair
STEM: • It is branched, smooth or glaucous, may be erect or weak, herbaceous or woody. • Glaucous : grayish, bluish, or whitish way coating or bloom that is easily rubbed off • Some are climbing with the help of leaf tendrils. 8
LEAVES: • Alternate, • Stipulate, • Compound leaf mostly trifoliate • Sometimes simple leaf as in Alysicarfius; 9
LEAF MODIFICATIONS:  It is modified partly or wholly into tendril (Lathyrus, Pisum, Vicia) leaf base may be pulvinate (swollen leaf base).  In Lathyrus afihaca the entire leaf becomes modified into a tendril;  in Pisum and Lathyrus the stipules are foliaceous and highly developed,  in Pisum and Vicia the leaflets are modified into tendrils. 10
FLORAL CHARACTERSTICS: -Inflorescence -Flower -Calyx -Corolla -Androecium -Gynoecium
INFORESCENCE: Raceme, flowers are arranged in a illary racemes
FLOWER: • Flowers are complete, bracteate and pedicellate. • They are either actinomorphic or zygomorphic. • They are hypogynous and cyclic, Pentamerous.
CALYX: • Sepals are generally 5in number. • They are usually gamosepalous and the odd sepal is always anterior in position. • Aestivation- Ascending imbricate.
COROLLA: Petals 5, polypetalous, papilionaceous, posterior petal outermost large – the veillium or standard; ne t two lateral ones-the wings or alae; and the two anterior and innermost united to form a boat-shaped structure – the keel or carina; descending imbricate or ve illary aestivation.
Descending imbricate / Vexillary Aestivation
ANDROECIUM: • There are generally 10 stamens, 9 stamens united to form a tube around the ovary while the tenth stamen is free. • They are polyandrous or diadelphous.
GYNOECIUM: • It is monocarpellary, superior and unilocular. • There are numerous ovules on parietal or marginal placentation.
FRUIT : Legume or pod
SEED:  Non-endospermic. POLINATION:  Entomophilous.
FLORAL DIAGRAM WITH FLORAL FORMULA (PISUM SATIVUM OR GARDEN PEA):
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