Gandhian model of rural development
- 1. Gandhian Thoughts and Human Welfare Gandhian Model of Rural Development By Dr. BP BADAL Chief Editor of Research Nepal Journal of Development Studies Visiting Assistant Professor CDRD TU, Kathmandu Nepal bpb222@yahoo.com 25th August 2020 Webinar Presentation on Delhi University Department of Anthropology
- 2. Outline • Understanding God • Gandhi, God and truth • Gandhian Model of Rural Development • Gandhian Vision mission of Life • Gandhian Philosophy in Nepal • Recommendations • Conclusion
- 3. The Origination of Gandhian Thought • Universalism : (ब्रह्माण्डवाद) Universalism is the norms and values accepted by the entire Universe The common acceptance of the people of the Universe The Universal Truths are the Gandhian Truths Whatever we see: Born, Live, and Die
- 4. Truth is God – God is Truth Born = Generation is Generated by the Generator Live = Operation is Operated by the Operator Die = Destruction is Destructed by the Destroyer
- 5. The Function of God • Generator • Operator • Destructor • Knowledge • Wealth • Power Generator Knowledge OperatorDestructor PowerWealth
- 6. Functions of the Truth • Generator has to function for Generation • Operator has to function for Operation • Destructor has to function for Destruction • No Interruption at all in functions • Body, Soul and Mind • Morality
- 7. No Interruption • Human should be a complete Human (Human Right) • Nature should be a complete Nature (Sustainable Development) • Animal should be a complete Animal (Animal Right)
- 8. Human Greed is the Problem Greed Comes from Ignorance • Ignorance- अज्ञान – अववद्या creates Illusion – माया – भ्रम • Illusion creates Attachments • Attachments create Lust • Lust creates Greed • Greed Creates Violence From the mode of goodness, real knowledge develops; from the mode of passion, grief develops; and from the mode of ignorance, foolishness, madness and illusion develop(14.17 Bhagavad-Geeta).
- 9. The Truth is GOD in Bhagawad Geeta • Geeta is the song of GOD • Geeta is not religious text book • Geeta is for every human being • Geeta is the course or syllabus of human life • It Guides on: God, Kala, Karma, Gyan, Gun, Prakriti, and Soul • It Guides on Dharma, Artha, Kama, and Moxya of human life • That is why Geeta was the guide book of Gandhi
- 10. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi • Born in 1869 in Gujrat in 2nd October • Studied in London (Kingdom of 65 nations around the Globe or City of Royalists) • An Advocate/ Barester • Champaran Movement • Harijan Movement • A true freedom fighter • A true devotee of GOD • A Saint, Mahatma • FATHER OF INDIA
- 12. His Life is his Message is Rural Sustainable Development • God is Truth = Experimented with Truth • Seek truth in every action • Respect Humanity • Worship Natural Resources • Satyagraha • Nonviolence • Fasting • Anti consumerism and anti modernity Rural Development
- 15. Gandhian Model of Rural Development “Gandhi’s approach to India’s rural development was holistic and people-centred. It was rooted in his conviction in the tenets of truth, non-violence and the goodness of human-beings”. • India lives in her seven and half lakhs of villages • If village perishes, India will perish too • Charkha Khadi – promotion of Local Indigenous technology • Charkha was boon to Nepal – Nepal is the land of sheep wool • Non Capitalistic Mode of Production
- 16. Gandhian Model of Rural Development “My ideal village will contain intelligent human beings. They will not live in dirt and darkness as animals. Men and women will be free and able to hold their own against anyone in the world. There will be neither plague nor cholera nor small pox, none will be idle, no one will wallow in luxury. Everyone will have to contribute his quota of manual labor. It is possible to envisage railways, post and telegraphs and the like” - MK Gandhi
- 17. That Means a village must have: Village Trust = Trusteeship = Service= Devotion of Life= Meaning of Life Intelligent human Being – Vidhya- Education New Training – Shixa- Education Cooperation – Village Cooperatives, self suficiency Local Governance – Swaraj Local Production – Khadi, Swadeshi, Charkha Movement Non Violence- Ahimsa, vegetarian, Silent disobedience Bread Labor- kam karo to khao aur lao nahi to nahi tum jo bhi ho Health- Sound Body, soul, and Mind- Meditation Education- Moral science- Body and spiritual Growth
- 18. "God has given everyone the capacity to work and earn more than his daily bread and whatsoever is ready to use that capacity is sure to find work” Even Lawyers, Engineers, Scientists, Professors, Poets and Playwrights will have to perform physical labor apart from their intellectual labor to earn their upkeep. They will not demand any payment or compensation for their intellectual labor, it serves only to satisfy intellectual or the soul. Forget the Greed
- 19. Gandhi's Focus on Rural Development • The 18-point Constructive Program • 1. Communal Unity, 2. Removal of Untouchability, 3. Prohibition on alcohol, 4. Khadi, 5. Other Village industries, 6. Village sanitation, 7. New or basic education, 8. Adult education, 9. Women, 10. Education in health and hygiene, 11. Provincial languages, 12. National language, 13. Economic equality, 14. Kisans, 15. Labor, 16. Adivasies, 17. Lepers, 18. Students
- 20. Goals of Life and Contradiction with Modernity Gandhi Moxya- Enlightenment Less Consumption Cottage Industry Sustainable livelihood Environment Protection Simple living high thinking Spiritual conscious material Science Modernism • Economic Development • More Consumption • Mass production • More Production, Profit, Wealth • Industrialization • Globalization, Privatization, and liberalization, of Market • Core Science
- 21. Objectives of Human Development • Moxya = Liberated Life = Changed Life= Development • No discrimination, No Hunger, No Violence, No disease, = Only Truth • Happy life, Free Life, Good Health and environment, Friendly Communal Relationships = Only Truth • Ram Rajya= Good Governance = Only Truth • Rural Development = Development of Rural Resources = Development of Rural human and natural resources
- 22. Gandhian Model Of Rural Development • Rural Development = Development of (Economy, Society, Environment) in village • Rural Development = Development of ( Income, Employment, GDP, Health, Education, Optimum Utilization of Natural Resources) in Village Socio economic and environmental development lead to: Dharma (Good Social status), Artha (Good Economic Status), Kama (Good Family Status), Moxya (Very Good Status) qualitatively as well as quantitatively, or spiritually and materially.
- 23. Gandhism in Nepal • BP Koirala, Krishna Prasad Bhattarai, and Manamohan Adhikari • Land of wool • Land of Pashupatinath(80% Vedic, 10 % Boudhists, and 10% others 30 lakh) • Land of Buddha- Light of Asia- Emblem of world Peace- Truth and Ahimsa • Head of the world – Mt. Everest • Charkha Movement in Nepal • Tulsi Meher Shrestha was the founder of the first social organization in Nepal, which was initially named “Shree Chandra Kamdhenu Charkha Pracharak Mahaguthi” established in 1927 AD (Baisakh 1st 1983BS). It is the pioneer organization in Nepal established to protect and uplift untouchables, helpless, neglected and distressed people in general and destitute women in particular. He followed Gandhian philosophy.
- 24. India can request • Amaratya Sen – Revise the capability approach and social choice theory • Kailash Satyarthi- develop a new model of social welfare trusteeship for the development of women and children • Abhijit Vinayak Venerji – can develop an economic model • Noval Yuwa Harari of Israel – Young professor of Anthropology- Good friend of India- can develop at least a global paper on Gandhi. • Many others Develop a “Gandhian Model of Sustainable Development”
- 25. Alternative to Mass Production • Entire 7.5 lakh villages can be developed as a rural tourism hub • Indian culture, lifestyle, the smiley people – Incredible India ! • Amual dairy cooperative, Van Gujjars in new Journey of India - Development of like such organizations- India can learn from Community managed Irrigation system, Local Government and Community Development Program and Community forestry from Nepal. Gramin Bank from Bangladesh, Gal Oya and SANASA Programs of Sri Lanka, Happiness Index of Bhutan, Aga Khan rural support from Pakistan, Samuel Undung from South Korea, Rural Reconstruction Program of Deng Xau Ping of China are the best model of Rural Development. All these programs are designed for the services of the people as prescribed by Gandhi. • Swachchha Bharat – Self-help- 138 crores population
- 26. Life changing quotes of Gandhi • Happiness is when what you think, what you say, and what you do are in harmony. • I will not let anyone walk through my mind with their dirty feet. Nobody can hurt me without my permission. • A man is but a product of his thoughts. What he thinks he becomes. • An ounce of practice is worth a thousand words. • The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others. • In a gentle way, you can shake the world. • Love is the strongest force the world possesses • Nonviolence is a weapon of the strong
- 27. Recommendations 1. Acknowledgements to the economic Modernization and Globalization 2. Welcome the Sustainable Development 3. Good Governance at Grass root level of Panchayat/Palika 4. Replacement of the philosophies and theories, developed on the base of modernity by the philosophies and theories of Sustainable Development in Education System 5. Moral Education (Meaning of GOD and Truth from Veda, Quran, Tripitak, Bible, etc) 6. Swachha Bharat by the active participation of people 7. Meaningful trusteeship (NGOs) and service to the people by the people 8. Nai Talim to the Media on Positive Mode of Reporting on Sustainable Rural Development Development is simply a journey toward Truth, Morality, and Non Violence for The GODLY Happiness, Peace, and Prosperity of Human Kind.
- 28. Conclusions • Gandhi wanted India to travel east, but India decided to travel west at the time of 60’s decade of Modernity, but sustainable development has changed the direction and global development is in right path on the era of Sustainable Development • The Gandhian model is relevant for bringing about equitable and sustainable rural development • Basudhaiba Kutumbakam: India must take an initiation to make friendly relationship among Neighboring countries because Neighbors cannot be Replaced. India can lead the world uniting India, China and Pakistan in Kashmir. Kashmir is an opportunity to Modi Government. • In Nepal: Modi Government has to make a remarkable Bihar in the Birth Place of Lord Buddha in Lumbini to assure the people that Buddha was born in Nepal. • India must initiate bilateral talk with Nepal on the issue of Lipulek Limpiyadhura • The entire discussion is based on TRUTH and ETERNITY explained in Oriental Civilization
- 29. What I achieved, achieve from the mother nature and leaving it all to her !!
- 30. Interaction Please Dr. BP BADAL • Chief Editor: Research Nepal Journal of Development Studies • Assistant Professor: Central Department of Rural Development, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu Nepal • Email: bpb222@yahoo.com • Please Keep in touch • Jay Shree Ram !