Global Warming And Renewable Energy

MEMBERS:
JUAREZ DELGADO JULIO CESAR
LUIS SANABRIA DAFNE JACQUELINE
PONCE GUERRERO MARIA ELENA
SEBASTIAN RIVERA DANIEL

INTRODUCTION
This work deals with the constant effect that greenhouse gases
emissions have contributed to Global Warming and it helps to
awareness about what our planet is happening.
But we don’t pretend to stop it, cause that’s impossible. Global
Warming have been a natural process since the past but in these
last years humans activities have increased it.
Since the Industrial Revolution began around 1750, human
activities have contributed substantially to climate change by
adding CO2 and other heat-trapping gases to the atmosphere.
These greenhouse gas emissions have increased the greenhouse
effect and caused Earth’s surface temperature to rise. The
primary human activity affecting the amount and rate of climate
change is greenhouse gas emissions from the burning of fossil
fuels.
And that’s why is important to minimize this effect as much as
possible with this new renewable energy.
It is up to us to save the planet where we are living.

Global Warming is the increase of
Earth's average surface
temperature due to effect of
greenhouse gases, such as carbon
dioxide emissions from burning
fossil fuels or from
deforestation, which trap heat that
would otherwise escape from
Earth.
This is a type of greenhouse effect.

However, greenhouse gas
emissions have increased
especially since the
Industrial Revolution
began around 1750. The
recent warming trend
reflects its impacts.
The rising temperatures
present a huge threat to
our ice-caps.

http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/ar
vindgupta/scostep-globwarming.pdf

Carbon dioxide and other air pollution that is collecting
in the atmosphere like a thickening blanket, trapping the
sun's heat and causing the planet to warm up.
Coal-burning power plants are the largest U.S. source of
carbon dioxide pollution -- they produce 2.5 billion tons
every year. Automobiles, the second largest source, create
nearly 1.5 billion tons of CO2 annually.

http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/arvindgupta/scostep-globwarming.pdf

Energy from the sun drives the earth’s weather and
climate, and heats the earth’s surface;
In turn, the earth radiates energy back into space;
Some atmospheric gases (water vapor, carbon
dioxide, and other gases) trap some of the outgoing
energy, retaining heat somewhat like the glass panels of a
greenhouse;
These gases are therefore known as greenhouse gases;
The greenhouse effect is the rise in temperature on Earth
as certain gases in the atmosphere trap energy.

Global warming is a complex
phenomenon, and its full-
scale impacts are hard to
predict far in advance. But
each year scientists learn
more about how global
warming is affecting the
planet, and many agree that
certain consequences are
likely to occur if current
trends continue.

Among these:
Melting glaciers, early snowmelt and severe droughts will cause
more dramatic water shortages in the American West.

Rising sea levels will lead to coastal flooding on the Eastern
seaboard, in Florida, and in other areas, such as the Gulf of
Mexico.

Warmer sea surface temperatures will fuel more intense
hurricanes in the southeastern Atlantic and Gulf coasts.
Forests, farms and cities will face troublesome new pests
and more mosquito-borne diseases.
Disruption of habitats such as coral reefs and alpine
meadows could drive many plant and animal species to
extinction.

• Global warming is already underway with
consequences that must be faced today as well as
tomorrow.
• Evidence of changes to theEarth's physical, chemical
and biological processes is now evident on every
continent.
• Effects such as changes in temperatures and rainfall
patterns that alter plant and animal behavior and
have significant implications for humans.

We can divide the global warming effects in different
categories. For instance, in this work will group the
effects in five main categories:
• Freshwater
• Oceans
• Ecosystems
• Temperature
• And finally, Effects on People

Effects of Global Warming
FRESHWATER
Extreme Wet and Extreme Dry
A warmer climate spurs the evaporation of water from land and sea and
allows the atmosphere to hold more moisture—thus setting the stage for
more extreme precipitation.
• Northern Scandinavia and South and North Korea recorded precipitation
increases of 3-15 percent per decade between 1979 and 2005.
• In the U.S. Northeast, the number of days with very heavy precipitation
rose by 58 percent over the last 50 years.
Yet even as rainfall occurs in heavier events, the periods between these
extremes are likely to become longer, warmer, and drier. In conclusion: Wet
places tend to get wetter (and dry places tend to get drier).

FRESHWATER
Extreme Wet and Extreme Dry
In dry areas, the Global warming is expressed in two ways:
• Increased drought in dry areas. Precipitation has declined in the
tropics and subtropics since 1970. Southern Africa, the Sahel region
of Africa, southern Asia, the Mediterranean, and the U.S.
Southwest, for example, are getting drier.
• Expansion of dry areas. Scientists expect the amount of land
affected by drought to grow by mid-century—and water resources in
affected areas to decline as much as 30 percent.

OCEANS
Sea Ice and Sea Level
Higher temperature derives in shrinking land ice, such as mountain glaciers and
polar ice sheets; it is releasing water into the oceans rising the sea level.
Why is it important? How does it affect us?
Well, around 40% of world’s population lives in coastal areas. So, higher level of
the sea has an economical impact because reduces beaches and affect
properties in this areas.
But, more dangerous is the fact that rise of sea level affects our natural
protections (example: barrier islands) against natural catastrophes such as
storms, hurricanes, tsunamis, etc.
All of this is too dangerous to people and coast infrastructure.

ECOSYSTEMS
Lakes and Rivers
Global Warming produce problems in the Freshwater supply drying lakes and
rivers. This affects to animals and plants living there and derives in effects such as:
•Displacement of species (rise of water temperature makes that species like
fishes moving to colder waters).
•Dead zones (higher temperatures affects the normal level of oxygen in the water).
•Reproduction (rising amounts of precipitation that falls as rain rather than
snow, and more severe and frequent flooding affect the reproduction of aquatic
species like salmon).

TEMPERATURE
Air
Rising air temperatures bring heat waves, spread disease, shift plant and
animal habitat and cause extreme weather events, from drought to
blizzards.
Over the last 50 years, the number of cold days and record low
temperatures in various locations has declined, while the number of hot
days and heat waves has risen most places worldwide.
The best projections show that average global temperatures are likely to
increase 3.1-7.2 F (1.8-4.0 C) by the end of the century depending on
the amount of carbon emissions.

TEMPERATURE
Oceans and Freshwater
How we know, warmer oceans put coastal communities at risk, increase
infrastructure costs, endanger polar creatures and threaten coral reefs and
fisheries. Perhaps most alarmingly, rising ocean temperatures accelerate
the overall warming trend.
Not only are ocean surface waters getting warmer, but so is water 1,500 feet
below the surface. These increases in temperature lie well outside the
bounds of natural variation.
Scientists also know that freshwater temperatures are rising because warm-
water species are moving into areas that were formerly too cold, while cool-
and cold-water species are likewise on the move.

TEMPERATURE
Ground
As permafrost (frozen ground) thaws, it releases heat-trapping gases into the
atmosphere, which accelerates global warming. It also alters local
ecosystems and destabilizes infrastructure, necessitating costly repairs.
Permafrost is very sensitive to direct changes in air temperature and snow
cover, making it especially vulnerable to global warming.
And as permafrost thaws, it can release both carbon dioxide and methane
from carbon often stored in soil for thousands of years.
The thawing of permafrost in northern forests could completely alter local
ecosystems. Existing thawing is already destabilizing the human
infrastructure, which require frequent repair.

PEOPLE
Health
As our climate changes, the risk of injury, illness, and death from the
resulting heat waves, wildfires, intense storms, and floods rises.
Extreme heat can be a killer especially when combined with high relative
humidity.
Changing precipitation patterns and prolonged heat can create drought,
which can cause forest and peat fires, putting residents and firefighters in
danger.
Another effect is the smog. Higher air temperatures increase smog, creating
problems to people’s health.

PEOPLE
Food
Climate-related threats to global food production include risks to
grain, vegetable, and fruit crops, livestock, and fisheries.
Global warming alters seasonal rainfall patterns delaying planting and
harvesting and creating scarcity of some foods (affecting their prices, too).
Higher temperatures decrease productivity of ground. In other hand, increase
pests because insect and plant pests may survive or even reproduce more
often each year if cold winters no longer keep them in check.

PEOPLE
Economic Effects
Climate change also has important economic effects on people. Scientists
and economists are beginning to grapple with the serious economic and
environmental consequences if we fail to reduce global carbon emissions
quickly and deeply. The most expensive thing we can do is nothing.
Damage to property and infrastructure. Sea-level
rise, floods, droughts, wildfires, and extreme storms require extensive repair
of essential infrastructure such as homes, roads, bridges, railroad
tracks, airport runways, power lines, dams, levees, and seawalls. All of this
requires money, many money.

PEOPLE
Economic Effects
Lost productivity. Disruptions in daily life related to climate change can
mean lost work and school days and harm
trade, transportation, agriculture, fisheries, energy production, and
tourism, creating difficulties to people to make daily economic activities.
One effect too severous of climate change are the «climate refugees»—
people who are forced to leave their homes because of drought, flooding, or
other climate-related disasters.

“CLEAN ENERGY”
Most of our electricity comes from power stations that use fossil
fuels like coal and oil.
The power stations burn the fossil fuels to make our electricity and
in that process a LOT of greenhouse gas is made, including carbon
dioxide and methane. This is why they are called dirty sources of
energy.

It is the greenhouse gases that are causing the Earth's
atmosphere to warm, which scientists tell us will
cause the climate to change. It is understood that this
will cause more extreme weather, the spread of
diseases and threaten the habitat of all living things.
Coal, oil and gas are non-renewable sources of
energy because we can only use what is available
and once they have been used up, that's it!

We have already found ways to tap into the energy
of the sun, wind, waves and water, amongst other
things.
These sources of energy produce only very small
amounts of greenhouse gas once operating, if any at
all - now that's clean!
They are also renewable which means they can be
used over and over again.

There are many forms of renewable energy . Most of these
renewable energies depend in one way or another on sunlight. Wind
and hydroelectric power are the direct result of differential heating of
the Earth's surface which leads to air moving about (wind) and
precipitation forming as the air is lifted. Solar energy is the direct
conversion of sunlight using panels or collectors.
Biomass energy is stored sunlight contained in plants. Other
renewable energies that do not depend on sunlight are geothermal
energy, which is a result of radioactive decay in the crust combined
with the original heat of accreting the Earth, and tidal energy, which is
a conversion of gravitational energy.

The main and primary reason for using clean energies
is because we need to stop the greenhouse gas
emitting. It affects the planet earth with the global
warming that in this last 60 years have been
increasing too fast.
ADVANTAGES OF RENEWABLE ENERGY

USA is already using “Clean Energy” and these are
the results:
Arkansas’ Clean Energy Resource Potential, Energy
Advantages, and Environmental Benefits

Developing and deploying new low-carbon and zero-
carbon technologies
Research into and development of the next generation of low-
carbon technologies will be critical to deep mid-century reductions in
global emissions.
Current research on battery technology, new materials for solar cells, harnessing e
nergy from novel sources like bacteria
and algae, and other innovative areas could provide important breakthroughs.

The world is temporarily affected by hot and cold climate
periods. The industrial revolution which started in 1875
changed weather conditions. The world has a tendency
to warm up.
The industrialization and the increasing population
density are forcing governments to consume more fossil
fuels and are affecting the artificial greenhouse gases'
fluctuation.
Even if the usage of fossil fuels could be
prohibited, greenhouse gases extant in the atmosphere
are going to remain for hundred years.
The emission of greenhouse gases can't be stopped, but
some precautions must be taken.
CONCLUSION:

Bibliography
 http://www.nrdc.org/globalwarming/f101.asp
 http://solarwindgreenenergy.blogspot.mx/2011/10/top-5-global-warming-solutions.html
 http://www.nmsea.org/Curriculum/Primer/Global_Warming/fossil_fuels_and_global_w
arming.htm
 http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/
 http://www.globalissues.org/article/233/climate-change-and-global-warming-
introduction

Global Warming And Renewable Energy

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