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Grammar book bella flaherty

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This document provides a summary of key Spanish 2 grammar concepts covered in the first quarter, including: 1. Ser and Estar verbs and their uses. 2. Verbs like gustar and how they follow the same conjugation pattern. 3. Hacer expressions used to talk about time. 4. Pretérito tense and its trigger words indicating a definite time in the past. 5. Irregular verb conjugations including car, gar, zar, spock, and cucaracha verbs. 6. Formation of affirmative and negative commands. 7. Uses of DOPs, IOPs, and the impersonal se construction.

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Spanish 2 Grammar ConceptsBella Flaherty
Table of Contents- First QuarterSerEstarVerbs like GustarHacer ExpressionsEl Pretérito and Trigger WordsCar, Gar, y ZarSpock Cucaracha SnakeSnakeysAffirmative CommandsNegetive and Irregular CommandsDOPsIOPs Se Impersonal
1. SerSERDescription, Origin, Characteristics, Time, Occupation, Relationship, Possession, Event, Date
Health2. EstarEmotionsLocationPresent ConditionPresent Participles.Rules:-ar to –ando
-er and –ir to –iendo or -yendo3. Verbs Like GustarThese verbs follow the same conjugation as gustar with doler having an e stem changer.Faltar- to lackDoler- to hurtFascinar- to fascinateMolestar- to botherEXPs: Tefaltapelo. Nosgustan los libros.
4. Hacer Time ExpressionsPreterite Tense is ago. Example: Haceunasemanaquedesapareció.Present Tense is since and for. Example: Hacetresdiasque no tengoproblemas con Pablo.
5. El Pretérito y Trigger Words It is a definite time in the past, and has a beginning or an ending.Trigger words that you could assume may deal with this are:Ayer
Anoche
El añopasado
La semanapasada
Ante ayerER5. El Pretérito Cont.IR
El Pretérito IrregularsThere are 3 main types of Irregular Pretérito verbs we have learned about. They are:Car, Gar, y Zar
Cucaracha
Spock6. Car, Gar, y Zar Irregulars
7. Spock Irregulars!3 different groupings.The words in each grouping are conjugated the same way.The groupings are:IR y SERDAR y VERHACER
DARSERVERIRHACER7. SPOCK
8. Cucaracha Endings for all are the same:
Andar- aduvEstar- estuvPoder- pudPoner- pusQuerer- quisSaber- supTener- tuvVenir- vinConducir- condujProducir- produjTraducir- tradujDecir- dijTraer- traj8. Cucaracha Verbs!
9. SnakeIn the 3rd person, the stem change occurs.The stem change is to opposite vowel with the first vowel.
10. SnakeysFollows same concept as SNAKE, but is more specific.In the 3rd person the stem change is the vowel “I” to the vowel “y”.Leer
11. Affirmative Commands Steps:Put verb in ‘yo’ formChange to opposite vowel.Ar to e er/ir to a3. If plural add a ‘n’4. Then, add DOP to end ONLY IF POSITIVEExample: Comalo!
12. Negetive CommandsSteps are same as affirmative except you may not add the DOP to the end of the verb. It must go before it.Example: Lo coma!

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Grammar book bella flaherty

  • 1. Spanish 2 Grammar ConceptsBella Flaherty
  • 2. Table of Contents- First QuarterSerEstarVerbs like GustarHacer ExpressionsEl Pretérito and Trigger WordsCar, Gar, y ZarSpock Cucaracha SnakeSnakeysAffirmative CommandsNegetive and Irregular CommandsDOPsIOPs Se Impersonal
  • 3. 1. SerSERDescription, Origin, Characteristics, Time, Occupation, Relationship, Possession, Event, Date
  • 5. -er and –ir to –iendo or -yendo3. Verbs Like GustarThese verbs follow the same conjugation as gustar with doler having an e stem changer.Faltar- to lackDoler- to hurtFascinar- to fascinateMolestar- to botherEXPs: Tefaltapelo. Nosgustan los libros.
  • 6. 4. Hacer Time ExpressionsPreterite Tense is ago. Example: Haceunasemanaquedesapareció.Present Tense is since and for. Example: Hacetresdiasque no tengoproblemas con Pablo.
  • 7. 5. El Pretérito y Trigger Words It is a definite time in the past, and has a beginning or an ending.Trigger words that you could assume may deal with this are:Ayer
  • 11. Ante ayerER5. El Pretérito Cont.IR
  • 12. El Pretérito IrregularsThere are 3 main types of Irregular Pretérito verbs we have learned about. They are:Car, Gar, y Zar
  • 14. Spock6. Car, Gar, y Zar Irregulars
  • 15. 7. Spock Irregulars!3 different groupings.The words in each grouping are conjugated the same way.The groupings are:IR y SERDAR y VERHACER
  • 17. 8. Cucaracha Endings for all are the same:
  • 18. Andar- aduvEstar- estuvPoder- pudPoner- pusQuerer- quisSaber- supTener- tuvVenir- vinConducir- condujProducir- produjTraducir- tradujDecir- dijTraer- traj8. Cucaracha Verbs!
  • 19. 9. SnakeIn the 3rd person, the stem change occurs.The stem change is to opposite vowel with the first vowel.
  • 20. 10. SnakeysFollows same concept as SNAKE, but is more specific.In the 3rd person the stem change is the vowel “I” to the vowel “y”.Leer
  • 21. 11. Affirmative Commands Steps:Put verb in ‘yo’ formChange to opposite vowel.Ar to e er/ir to a3. If plural add a ‘n’4. Then, add DOP to end ONLY IF POSITIVEExample: Comalo!
  • 22. 12. Negetive CommandsSteps are same as affirmative except you may not add the DOP to the end of the verb. It must go before it.Example: Lo coma!
  • 23. 12. Irregular CommandsTenga VERB IS TENERVenga VERB IS VENIRDe VERB IS DARI- Vaya VERB IS IRSea VERB IS SERHaga VERB IS HACEREste VERB IS ESTARSepa VERB IS SABER
  • 24. 13. DOPsAnswers the question of what is receiving the direct action of the verb.DOPs are : lo, la, los, las, me, te, nos, seYou must have a DOP in order to have an IOP, however in a sentence you always put the IOP behind the DOP.
  • 25. 14. IOPsAnswers the question to whom or for whom. IOPs are: me, te, le, nos, os, les. Because you can’t have two “l” IOP/DOP le and les can be changed to se.Example: I gave it to her. Se lo di! Gave=verb=di it=DOP=lo her=IOP=se
  • 26. 15. Se ImpersonalSe vendefruta. vfbfbcvfhfAqui se hablaespanol.Se hizo mucho.Se hara mucho.Se habia mucho.