Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
SlideShare a Scribd company logo

Gravitational waves and their detection

•Download as PPTX, PDF•
•
R
RiniPR

Gravitational waves are ripples in spacetime that are generated by massive accelerating objects like black holes and neutron stars. They travel at the speed of light and can be detected using sensitive instruments like LIGO that can detect tiny changes in length caused by passing gravitational waves. On September 14, 2015, LIGO directly detected gravitational waves for the first time, verifying a prediction of Einstein's theory of general relativity. Studying gravitational waves provides a new way to learn about astrophysical objects and events like black holes and supernovae.

1 of 18
Gravitational waves and their detection
Gravitational waves and their detection
Ripples or Oscillations in space time Travel at the speed of light Comes from very massive objects Strength of waves ∝ 1 / distance from the source It can penetrate regions of space that electromagnetic waves cannot
SUPERNOVAE AND STARS COLLAPSE INTO NEUTRON STAR TWO BLACK HOLES COLLIDING OR ORBITING EACH OTHER NEUTRON STAR ORBITING A BLACK HOLE A ROTATING NEUTRON STAR COLLIDING GALAXIES
Astronomical event that occurs during the last stellar evolutionary stages of a massive star's life
BLACK HOLE A region of space-time exhibiting such strong gravitational effects. Sufficiently compact mass can deform space-time to form a black hole.
Interacting galaxies (colliding galaxies) are galaxies whose gravitational fields result in a disturbance of one another
Neutron stars are created when giant stars die in supernovas and their cores collapse, with the protons and electrons essentially melting into each other to form neutrons.
How will we detect gravitational waves?
Gravitational waves and their detection
Follow the beam: schematic showing a LIGO interferometer
Gravitational waves and their detection
CHANGE IN LENGTH OF LIGO’S ARM
Detected on September 14, 2015 at 09:50:45 UTC − B. P. Abbott et al PHYSICALREVIEW LETTERS 116, 061102 (2016)
WHY STUDY GRAVITATIONAL WAVES Can accurately determine cosmological distances. Instrument made for gravitational wave detection is the most precise measuring system ever. Gravitational-wave astronomy is an emerging branch of observational astronomy which aims to use gravitational waves to collect observational data Such as neutron stars and black holes
GRAVITATIONAL WAVES • weak force • has only one sign of charge. • generated by the bulk motion of large masses, and will have wavelengths much longer than the objects themselves • Gravitational charge is equivalent to inertia. • difficult to detect • they can travel unhindered through intervening matter of any density or composition ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES • Stronger force • comes in two opposing signs of charge. • typically generated by small movements of charge pairs within objects, and have wavelengths much smaller than the objects themselves. • charge is unrelated to inertia. • easy to detect • readily absorbed or scattered by intervening matter.
• To prove the existence of the gravitational waves by direct measurements • Confirm that Gravitational waves travel at the speed of light • Verify that gravitational waves cause disturbances of predicted amounts in the matter they pass through • Learn more about black holes • Expand knowledge about universe
Gravitational waves and their detection

More Related Content

Gravitational waves and their detection

  • 3. Ripples or Oscillations in space time Travel at the speed of light Comes from very massive objects Strength of waves ∝ 1 / distance from the source It can penetrate regions of space that electromagnetic waves cannot
  • 4. SUPERNOVAE AND STARS COLLAPSE INTO NEUTRON STAR TWO BLACK HOLES COLLIDING OR ORBITING EACH OTHER NEUTRON STAR ORBITING A BLACK HOLE A ROTATING NEUTRON STAR COLLIDING GALAXIES
  • 5. Astronomical event that occurs during the last stellar evolutionary stages of a massive star's life
  • 6. BLACK HOLE A region of space-time exhibiting such strong gravitational effects. Sufficiently compact mass can deform space-time to form a black hole.
  • 7. Interacting galaxies (colliding galaxies) are galaxies whose gravitational fields result in a disturbance of one another
  • 8. Neutron stars are created when giant stars die in supernovas and their cores collapse, with the protons and electrons essentially melting into each other to form neutrons.
  • 9. How will we detect gravitational waves?
  • 11. Follow the beam: schematic showing a LIGO interferometer
  • 13. CHANGE IN LENGTH OF LIGO’S ARM
  • 14. Detected on September 14, 2015 at 09:50:45 UTC − B. P. Abbott et al PHYSICALREVIEW LETTERS 116, 061102 (2016)
  • 15. WHY STUDY GRAVITATIONAL WAVES Can accurately determine cosmological distances. Instrument made for gravitational wave detection is the most precise measuring system ever. Gravitational-wave astronomy is an emerging branch of observational astronomy which aims to use gravitational waves to collect observational data Such as neutron stars and black holes
  • 16. GRAVITATIONAL WAVES • weak force • has only one sign of charge. • generated by the bulk motion of large masses, and will have wavelengths much longer than the objects themselves • Gravitational charge is equivalent to inertia. • difficult to detect • they can travel unhindered through intervening matter of any density or composition ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES • Stronger force • comes in two opposing signs of charge. • typically generated by small movements of charge pairs within objects, and have wavelengths much smaller than the objects themselves. • charge is unrelated to inertia. • easy to detect • readily absorbed or scattered by intervening matter.
  • 17. • To prove the existence of the gravitational waves by direct measurements • Confirm that Gravitational waves travel at the speed of light • Verify that gravitational waves cause disturbances of predicted amounts in the matter they pass through • Learn more about black holes • Expand knowledge about universe