The document provides a history of nursing education in India. It discusses how the Portuguese, French and British first established modern medical services and nursing training centers in India in the 17th century. [It then outlines some of the key developments in nursing education over time, including] Florence Nightingale establishing professional nursing standards in 1865. The first nursing school was opened in Madras in 1871. Various committees in the 1940s-1990s made recommendations to improve and standardize nursing education across India. This led to the development of several nursing programs like ANM, GNM, BSc, MSc, and establishment of regulatory bodies like the Indian Nursing Council and Trained Nurses Association of India.
2. INTRODUCTION TO HISTORY OF
NURSING EDUCATION IN INDIA
• Portuguese first brought modern medicine including
nursing to India but the French and British later
established and consolidated modern medical and
nursing services in India. East India Company opened
its first civil hospital for soldiers in 1664 later named
as Government General Hospital in 1871. In 1859
scheme for training of nurses was sanctioned by the
Government of Bengal and a nursing training center
was opened at Calcutta.
3. Cont…
• In 1865, Nightingale drew up some detailed
suggestions on a system of nursing for
hospitals in India. She laid the foundation of
professional nursing. Graduates were sent out
from the Nightingale School of Nurses at St.
Thomas Hospital, England to start similar
nursing schools in India. St Stephens Hospital
at Delhi was the first one to begin training of
Indian women as nurses in 1867.
4. Lady with the lamp
• Florence Nightingale a
celebrated English nurse,
writer came to
prominence for her
pioneering work in
nursing during the
Crimean War, where she
tended to wounded
soldiers. She was dubbed
"The Lady with the
Lamp" after her habit of
making rounds at night
5. Cont…
• In 1871, the first school of nursing was started
in Government General Hospital, Madras with
a six-month diploma midwives programme
with four students. Between 1890 and 1900,
many schools, under either missions or
government, were started in various parts of
India.
7. TRAINED NURSES ASSOCIATION OF
INDIA
(TNAI)
It is a national professional organization of nurses in
India.
The association had is beginning in the association of
nursing superintended which was founded in 1905,at
Lucknow.
At annual conference held in Bombay in 1908, a
decision was taken to establish the trained nurses
association.
The association was inaugurated in 1909.
8. In1922 the association of nursing superintends and
trained nurses association were amalgamated and
called the trained nurses association of India (TNAI).
In1947 the TNAI become a member of common
wealth nurses federation(CNF)
The nursing jounaral of India is the officially
publication of TNAI and publish monthly.
Headquarter of the trained nurses association of India,
new Delhi.
9. Vision statement of TNAI
“To develop nursing as a profession and another need
to provide a form where professional nurses could
meet in counsel and plan to achieve those ends”.
10. Objective of TNAI
Upgrading, developing and standardization of nursing
education.
Improvement of living working condition and
educational condition for nurses.
Improve economics status of nurses in the country.
Recommends the state government to appoint a nurse
as a director.
11. FUNCTION OF TNAI
To publish nursing journal of India.
To raise funds.
Professional visits.
Welfare funds.
Scholarship for education.
12. INDIAN NURSING COUNCIL (INC)
The Indian Nursing Council is an Autonomous
Body under the Government of India, Ministry
of Health & Family Welfare was constituted by
the Central Government under section 3(1) of
the Indian Nursing Council Act, 1947 of
parliament in order to establish a uniform
standard of training for nurses, Midwives and
health visitors.
13. INDIAN NURSING COUNCIL ACT,
1947
Act No. of Year: ACT NO. 48 OF 1947 Enactment
Date: [31st December, 1947.]
Act Objective:
An Act to constitute an Indian Nursing Council.
To establish a uniform standard of training for
nurses, midwives and health visitors.
14. PURPOSE OF INC
• The purpose of inc establishment is to formulate a
national policy for training and practice of nursing
depending mainly on the culture and philosophy of
country(india)
15. FUNCTIONS OF INC
Recognizes nurses as a separate branch in health
service.
Regulate nursing training and sets uniform standard
of training for nurses throughout the country.
Construct syallabus for all nursing programs.
Permits title, badges ,uniforms, for registered nurses.
16. Functions of INC
Withdrawal of reorganization of nursing institutions.
To regulate nursing practice.
Power to make regulations.
Maintenance of Indian nurse register.
Inspection of school and colleges of nursing.
18. BHORE COMMITTEE-1946
• Sir Joseph Williams Bhore.
• Integration of preventive and curative service to all.
• Major change in medical education (3months training
in preventive and social medicine to prepare “social
physicians”.)
• Development of Public health centers.
19. SHETTY COMMITTEE-1954
Chairman Mr shetty and ms adranvala is member
secrotary.
Improvement in conditions of training of nurses.
Minimum requirement for admission to be in
accordance with regulation of the INC.
20. MUDILIAR COMMITTE
• Dr A.L.Mudiliar chairman.
• Strengthening of district hospital with
specialist service.
• Regional organization in each state between
the headquarter organization and the district
incharge of a regional deputy or assistant
director-each to supervise 2-3 medical officers.
21. Cont…
• Each phc not to serve more than 40,000
population
• To improve the quality of health provided by
phc.
• Integration of medical and health service .
22. MUKHERJEE COMMITTEE-
1996
Mukherjee committee, 1966.
• The committee recommended separate staff for the
family planning program.
• The family planning assistant where to undertake
family planning duties only.
• The basic health worker where to be utilized for
purpose other than family planning.
23. KARTAR SINGH COMMITTEE -
1974
Kartar singh committee,1972-73
• Family planning health worker were replaced by
Multipurpose health worker.
• Present day lady health visitors(LHV) designated as
female health supervisors.
• Accepted by government of india in 5th five year plan.
24. SAROJINI VARADAPPAN
COMMITTEE
Sarojini varadappan committee, 1990(A high power
committee on nursing and nursing profession.)
Two levels of nursing personnel
Post basic BSc nursing degree to continue
Masters in nursing programme to be increased and
strengthened.
Doctorate in nursing programme to be started in
selected university.
Continuing education and staff development for
nurses.
25. WORKING GROUP ON NURSING
EDUCATION AND
MANPOWER,1991
By 2020 the GNM programme to be phased out
Curriculum of B.Sc nursing to be modified
Staffing norm should be as per INC
There should be deliberate plan for preparation of
teachers M.Sc/M.phil and Ph Ddegrees.
Improvement in functioning of INC
Importance of continuing education for nurses.
26. DEVELOPMENT OF NURSING
EDUCATION
Training of dias
The Dai training continued past independence. The
goal was to train one Dias each village and ultimate
goal was to train all the practicing Dais in country.
Duration of training was 30 days, No age limit was
prescribed, training include theory and practice, more
emphasis on field practice. This training was done at
sub centre and equipments provided by UNICEF.
27. AUXILLARY NURSE MIDWIFE
In 1950 Indian Nursing Council came out with an
important decision that there should be only two
standard of training nursing and midwifery,
subsequently the curriculum for these courses
were prescribed. The first course was started at St.
Marys Hospital Punjab,1951.The entrance
qualification was up to 7/8 years of schooling.
The period of training was 2 years witch include a
9 month of midwifery and 3months of community
experience. In 1977, as a result of the decision to
prepare multipurpose health worker &
vocationalization of higher secondary education,
28. • curriculum was revised a designed to have 1.5
year of vocationalzed ANM programme and
six months of general education. The entrance
qualification was raised from 7th passed to
matriculation passed .Under multipurpose
scheme promotional avenue was opened to
senior ANMS for undergoing six months
promotional training for which course was
prescribed by INC.
29. LADY HEALTH VISITOR COURSE
• Training of LHV course continued post
independence. The syllabus prepared and prescribed
by INC in 1951.Theentrance qualification was
matriculation. The duration was two and a half years
which subsequently reduced to 2 years.
30. GENERAL NURSING AND
MIDWIFERY COURSE
GNM course existed since early years of century.
In 1951,syllabus was prescribed by INC.
In 1954 a special provision was made for male nurse.
First revision of course was done in 1963. The duration of
course was reduced from 4 years to 3.5years.
Second revision was done in 1982. The duration of the course
reduced to 3 years.
The Midwifery training of one year duration was gradually
reduced to 9 months and then six months, finally three year
integrated programme of GNM was prescribed in 1982.
31. POST-BASIC/POST CERTIFICATE
SHORT-TERM COURSES AND
DIPLOMA PROGRAMMES
The ultimate aim of all the post-basic/post certificate
programme is to improvement of quality of patient
care and promotion of health.
32. UNIVERSITY-LEVEL
PROGRAMMERS
Basic B.Sc Nursing
First university programme started just before
independence in 1946 at university of Delhi and Christian
medical college (CMC) Vellore.
INC prescribes the syllabus which has been revised three
times, the last revision was done in 1981.It was done on
basis of the 10+3+2 system of general education.
At present the BSc Nursing programme which is
recommended by the INC is of four years and have
foundations for future study and specialization in nursing.
33. POST BASIC BSC NURSING
The need for higher training for certificate nurses was
stressed by the Mudaliar Committee in1962. Two
years post basic certificate BSc(N) programme was
started in December 1962.
For nurses with diploma in general and midwifery
with minimum of 2 years experience.
First started by university of Trivandrum.
At present there are many colleges in India offering
Pc BSc(N) Course
34. POST BASIC NURSING BY
DISTANCE EDUCATION MODE
In1985 Indira Gandhi National open university was
established(IGNOU) In1992 Post Basic BSc Nursing
programme was launched, which is three years
duration course is recognized by INC.
35. POST- GRADUATE EDUCATION-
MSCNURSING
First two years course in masters of nursing was
started at RAK (Rajkumari Amrit Kaur)College of
Nursing delhi in 1959.and in 1969 in CMC Vellore.
At present there are many colleges imparting MSc
Nursing degree course in different specialties.
36. M.Phil
INC felt need for M.Phil programme as early on
1977,for this purpose committee was appointed. In
1986 one year full time and two years part time
programme was started in RAK College of nursing
Delhi.
37. Current Educational Patterns In
Nursing
1.Non University Programme
• Basic – ANM-GNM
• Advance-Post-Certificate diploma
2. University Programme
• Basic- BSc(N)
• Post-Basic BSc(Regular)
• Post-Basic BSc(N).IGNOU
• Advance:MSc (Nursing)
• M. phil
• Ph.D.