This document provides instructions for connecting to an Amazon AWS EC2 Linux instance using a key pair. It outlines downloading the key pair file, modifying its permissions, and then using it to connect via SSH either by public IP or private IP. The key steps are: 1) Identify the key pair associated with the instance; 2) Copy the private key file to the local machine; 3) Change permissions on the key file; 4) Connect using SSH and specifying the key file and either public or private IP address. Following these steps allows logging into the EC2 instance securely using the key pair.