This document provides an overview of key concepts in human resource management. It discusses the primary functions of management as planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. It then explains that HRM is important for an organization because the role of HR managers has expanded, legislation places new requirements on employers, jobs have become more technical, and global competition demands increased productivity. The rest of the document outlines the main functions of HRM like staffing, training, motivation, and maintenance as well as how external factors influence HRM.
2. Management Essentials
Management involves setting goals and allocating
scarce resources to achieve them.
Management is the process of efficiently
achieving the objectives of the organization with
and through people.
3. Management Essentials
Primary Functions of Management
Planning – establishing goals
Organizing – determining what activities need to be
done
Leading – assuring the right people are on the job
and motivated
Controlling – monitoring activities to be sure goals
are met
4. Why is HRM Important to an
Organization?
The role of human resource managers has
changed. HRM jobs today require a new level
of sophistication.
Federal and state employment legislation has
placed new requirements on employers.
Jobs have become more technical and skilled.
Traditional job boundaries have become blurred
with the advent of such things as project teams and
telecommuting.
Global competition has increased demands for
productivity.
5. Why is HRM Important to an
Organization?
The Strategic Nature – HRM must be
a strategic business partner and represent
employees.
forward-thinking, support the business strategy, and
assist the organization in maintaining competitive
advantage.
concerned with the total cost of its function and for
determining value added to the organization.
6. Why is HRM Important to an
Organization?
HRM is the part of the organization concerned
with the “people” dimension.
HRM is both a staff, or support function that
assists line employees, and a function of every
manager’s job.
7. Why is HRM Important to an
Organization?
HRM Certification
Colleges and universities offer HR programs.
The Society for Human Resource Management
and Human Resource Certification Institute offer
professional certification.
8. Why is HRM Important to an
Organization?
Four basic
functions:
Staffing
Training and
Development
Motivation
Maintenance
9. How External Influences Affect HRM
Strategic Environment
Governmental Legislation
Labor Unions
Management Thought
10. How External Influences Affect HRM
HRM Strategic Environment includes:
Globalization
Technology
Work force diversity
Changing skill requirements
Continuous improvement
Work process engineering
Decentralized work sites
Teams
Employee involvement
Ethics
11. How External Influences Affect HRM
Governmental Legislation
Laws supporting employer and employee actions
Labor Unions
Act on behalf of their members by negotiating
contracts with management
Exist to assist workers
Constrain managers
Affect non unionized workforce
12. How External Influences Affect HRM
Management Thought
Management principles, such as those from
scientific management or based on the
Hawthorne studies influence the practice of HRM.
More recently, continuous improvement programs
have had a significant influence on HRM activities.
13. Staffing Function Activities
Employment planning
ensures that staffing will contribute to the
organization’s mission and strategy
Job analysis
determining the specific skills, knowledge and
abilities needed to be successful in a particular job
defining the essential functions of the job
14. Staffing Function Activities
Recruitment
the process of attracting a pool of qualified
applicants that is representative of all groups in the
labor market
Selection
the process of assessing who will be successful on
the job, and
the communication of information to assist job
candidates in their decision to accept an offer
15. Goals of the Training and
Development Function
Activities in HRM concerned with
assisting employees to develop up-todate skills, knowledge, and abilities
Orientation and socialization help
employees to adapt
Four phases of training and development
Employee training
Employee development
Organization development
Career development
16. The Motivation Function
Activities in HRM concerned with helping
employees exert at high energy levels.
Implications are:
Individual
Managerial
Organizational
Function of two factors:
Ability
Willingness
Respect
17. The Motivation Function
Managing motivation includes:
Job design
Setting performance standards
Establishing effective compensation and benefits
programs
Understanding motivational theories
18. The Motivation Function
Classic Motivation Theories
Hierarchy of Needs –Maslow
Theory X – Theory Y –McGregor
Motivation – Hygiene – Herzberg
Achievement, Affiliation, and Power Motives –
McClelland
Equity Theory – Adams
Expectancy Theory - Vroom
19. How Important is the Maintenance
Function
Activities in HRM concerned with maintaining
employees’ commitment and loyalty to the
organization.
Health
Safety
Communications
Employee assistance programs
Effective communications programs provide
for 2-way communication to ensure that
employees are well informed and that their
voices are heard.
20. Translating HRM Functions into
Practice
Four Functions:
Employment
Training and development
Compensation/benefits
Employee relations
21. Translating HRM Functions into
Practice
Employment - Employment specialists:
coordinate the staffing function
advertising vacancies
perform initial screening
interview
make job offers
do paperwork related to hiring
Training and Development –
help employees to maximize their potential
serve as internal change agents to the organization
provide counseling and career development
22. Translating HRM Functions into
Practice
Compensation and Benefits –
establish objective and equitable pay systems
design cost-effective benefits packages that help
attract and retain high-quality enployees.
help employees to effectively utilize their
benefits, such as by providing information on
retirement planning.
23. Translating HRM Functions into
Practice
Employee Relations – involves:
communications
fair application of policies and procedures
data documentation
coordination of activities and services that enhance
employee commitment and loyalty
Employee relations should not be confused with
labor relations, which refers to HRM in a unionized
environment.
24. Translating HRM Functions into
Practice
Purpose and Elements of HRM Communications
Keep employees informed of what is happening and
knowledgeable of policies and procedures.
Convey that the organization values employees.
Build trust and openness, and reinforce company
goals.
25. Translating HRM Functions into
Practice
Effective Communication programs involve:
Top Management Commitment
Effective Upward Communication
Determining What to Communicate
Allowing for Feedback
Information Sources
26. Does HRM Really Matter?
Research has shown that a fully functioning
HR department does make a difference.
Organizations that spend money to have
quality HR programs perform better than
those who don’t.
Practices that are part of superior HR services
include:
rewarding productive work
creating a flexible work-friendly environment
properly recruiting and retaining quality workers
effective communications
27. HRM in an Entrepreneurial
Enterprise
General managers may perform HRM
functions, HRM activities may be
outsourced, or a single generalist may
handle all the HRM functions.
Benefits include
freedom from many government regulations
an absence of bureaucracy
an opportunity to share in the success of the
business
28. HRM in a Global Village
HRM functions are more complex when
employees are located around the world.
Consideration must be given to such things as
foreign language training, relocation and
orientation processes, etc.
HRM also involves considering the needs of
employees’ families when they are sent overseas.
29. HR and Corporate Ethics
HRM must:
Make sure employees know about corporate ethics
policies
Train employees and supervisors on how to act
ethically
30. HR and Corporate Ethics
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act passed in
2002, establishes procedures for public
companies regarding how they handle and report
their financial status.
Establishes penalties for noncompliance.
Provides protection for employees who report
executive wrongdoing.
Requires that companies have mechanisms in
place where complaints can be received and
investigated.