The document provides an overview of human resource management. It discusses key topics such as the importance of human resources, features and objectives of HRM, typical HR functions within organizations, categories of HRM activities, differences between personnel management and HRM, HR functions including staffing, recruitment, and compensation, professional HR organizations, and the future outlook for HR professionals.
3. WHY HUMAN FACTOR IS MORE
IMPORTANT?
Human resources are unique in character
HR alone can produce an output greater
than its input
HR is the only resource which is Live
HR is most complex and unpredictable in its
behavior (set to behave)
This is the only resource which appreciates
in its value with the passage of time.
3
4. FEATURES OF HRM
• Comprehensive
Function
• People-Oriented
• Action Oriented
• Individual Oriented
• Development
Oriented
• Continuous
Function
• Interdisciplinary
• Nervous system.
• Young discipline
• Future-oriented
• Challenging
Function
• Science as well an
Art
• Staff function
4
5. OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF
HRM
To effectively utilize human resources
To establish and maintain an organizational structure
To secure integration to the individuals and organization
by reconciling individual & group goals
To achieve maximum development of individuals
To recognize and satisfy individual & group needs
To maintain high morale and better human relations
To develop and maintain a quality of work life
To establish and maintain productive self-respecting
working relationships
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9. CATEGORIES OF HRM ACTIVITIES
Transformational
Knowledge management
Cultural Change
Strategic redirection and renewal
Management development
Traditional
Recruitment and selection
Training
Performance management
Compensation
Employee relations
Transactional
Benefits administration
Record keeping
Employee services
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10. Categories of HRM Activities (Contd)
• Transactional activities:- are the day-to-day
transactions a company makes.
• Low in their strategic value.
• Traditional activities:- are the nuts and bolts of
HR such as performance management, training,
recruiting, selection, compensation, and employee
relations.
• Moderate strategic value.
• Transformational activities:- create long-term
capability and adaptability for the firm. Activities
include knowledge management, management
development, cultural change, and strategic
redirection and renewal.
• Comprise the greatest strategic value for the firm
10
11. Difference between Personnel &
Human Resource Management
Dimension Personnel/IR HRM
1. Contract Careful delineation of written
contracts
Aim to go 'beyond contract'
2. Rules Importance of devising clear
rules/mutuality
'Can-do' outlook; impatience with
'rule'
3. Guide to management
action
Procedures 'Business need'
4. Behaviour referent Norms/custom and practice Values/mission
5.Managerial task towards
Labourers
Monitoring Nurturing
6. Nature of relations Pluralist Unitarist
7. Conflict Institutionalised De-emphasised
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12. Difference between Personnel &
Human Resource Mgmt. (Contd)
Dimension Personnel/IR HRM
8. Key relations Labour – Mgmt. Customer
9. Initiatives Piecemeal Integrated
10.Corporate plan Marginal Central
11. Speed of decision Slow Fast
12. Management role Transactional Transformational
L’ship
13. Key managers Personnel/IR
specialists
General/business/line
managers
14. Communication Indirect Direct
15. Standardisation Low High
16. Management
skills
Negotiation Facilitation
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13. Difference between Personnel & HRM (Contd)
Dimension Personnel/IR HRM
17. Selection Separate, marginal task Integrated, key task
18. Pay Job evaluation (fixed grades) Performance related
19. Conditions Separately negotiated Harmonisation
20. Labour management Collective bargaining Towards individual contracts
21. Thrust of relations with
stewards
Regularised through facilities
and training
Marginalised (with exception
of some bargaining for
change models)
22. Job categories/grades Many Few
23. Communication Restricted flow Increased flow
24. Job design Division of labour Teamwork
25. Conflict handling Reach temporary truces Manage climate and culture
26. Training and
development
Controlled access to courses Learning companies
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14. FUNCTIONS OF HR DEPT.
•Process through which
organization ensures it
always has proper
number of employees
with appropriate skills
in right jobs at right
time to achieve
organizational objectives
Staffing
•Systematic process of
determining skills,
duties, and
knowledge required
for performing jobs in
organization
Job Analysis
•Systematic process of
matching the internal
and external supply of
people with job
openings anticipated in
the organization over a
specified period of time
HRP
•Process of attracting
individuals on a timely
basis, in sufficient
numbers, and with
appropriate
qualifications, to apply
for jobs with an
organization
Recruitment
•Process of choosing
from a group of
applicants the
individual best suited
for a particular
position & the
organization
Selection
•Designed to provide
learners with
knowledge and skills
needed for their
present jobs .
•Devt. Involves long
term focus
Training &
Development
•Formal approach
used by organization
to ensure that people
with proper qualif. &
experiences are
available when
needed
Career
Development
•Planned process of
improving organization
by developing its
structures, systems, and
processes to improve
effectiveness and
achieving desired goals
Organizational
Development
•Formal system of review
and evaluation of
individual or team task
performance, so that
they can be properly
rewarded or else
punished.
PMS
•It’s a Payment ,
Wages & such other
Financial & Non
Financial Rewards
involved as an
outcome of Employee
Performance
Compensation
Mgmt.
•- Involves protecting
employees from injuries
caused by work-related
accidents
•Also involves providing
worker with extra
facilities as Welfare for
his betterment
Safety &
Welfare
•The time when
employee gets
separated from the
organization due to
various reasons,
doing his Full & Final
Settlement
Separation
Process
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15. OVERVIEW OF HRM FUNCTIONS
• STAFFING - Process through which organization
ensures it always has proper number of employees
with appropriate skills in right jobs at right time to
achieve organizational objectives
• JOB ANALYSIS - Systematic process of
determining skills, duties, and knowledge required
for performing jobs in organization
• HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING - Systematic
process of matching the internal and external supply
of people with job openings anticipated in the
organization over a specified period of time .
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16. Overview of HRM Functions (Contd.)
• RECRUITMENT - Process of attracting individuals on
a timely basis, in sufficient numbers, and with
appropriate qualifications, to apply for jobs with an
organization
• SELECTION - Process of choosing from a group of
applicants the individual best suited for a particular
position and the organization
• TRAINING - Designed to provide learners with
knowledge and skills needed for their present jobs
• DEVELOPMENT - Involves learning that goes
beyond today's job; it has more long-term focus
• CAREER DEVELOPMENT - Formal approach used
by organization to ensure that people with proper
qualifications and experiences are available when
needed 16
17. Overview of HRM Functions (Contd.)
• ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT - Planned
process of improving organization by developing its
structures, systems, and processes to improve
effectiveness and achieving desired goals
• PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT - Goal-oriented
process directed toward ensuring organizational
processes are in place to maximize productivity of
employees, teams, and ultimately, the organization
• PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL - Formal system of
review and evaluation of individual or team task
performance
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18. Overview of HRM Functions (Contd.)
• DIRECT FINANCIAL COMPENSATION - Pay that
person receives in form of wages, salaries, bonuses, and
commissions.
• INDIRECT FINANCIAL COMPENSATION
(BENEFITS) - All financial rewards not included in
direct compensation such as paid vacations, sick leave,
holidays, and medical insurance.
• NONFINANCIAL COMPENSATION - Satisfaction
that person receives from job itself or from
psychological and/or physical environment in which
person works
• SAFETY - Involves protecting employees from injuries
caused by work-related accidents
• HEALTH - Refers to employees' freedom from illness
and their general physical and mental well being 18
19. PROFESSIONAL HR
ORGANIZATIONS
• SOCIETY FOR HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
• (SHRM) 185,000+ members
• JNLS: HR Magazine, HR News
• AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT
• (ASTD) 60,000+ members
• JNL: Training & Development Journal
• WORLD-AT-WORK (formerly the American Compensation
Association)
• (WAW) 23,000+ members
• JNL: WAW/ACA Journal (formerly Compensation Review)
• INTERNATIONAL PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
ASSOCIATION
• (IPMA) 6500+ members
• JNL: Public Personnel Management
• NATIONAL HUMAN RESOURCE ASSOCIATION (formerly the
Intl Assn for Personnel Women)
• (NHRA) 1500+ members
• JNL: Human Resources: Jnl of the International Assn for
Personnel Women
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20. THE FUTURE FOR HR PROFESSIONALS
• The future for careers in HR seems
brighter than ever.
• Firms need to seek balance between
attracting, motivating, and retaining the
very best talent and keeping costs as low
as possible.
• Finding such a balance requires HR
leaders who have a deep knowledge of
the business combined with knowledge
of HR issues, tools, processes, and
technology. 20