Human Rights

Human Rights Defined
Human rights are generally
defined as those rights, which are
inherent in our nature, and
without which, we cannot live as
human beings.
- United Nation

Human rights are supreme,
inherent, and inalienable rights to
life, dignity and self-development.
It is the essence of these rights that
makes man human.
-PhilippineCommission on Human Right

International norms that help to
protect all people everywhere from
severe political, legal, and social
abuses.
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/rights-human/

Inherent
Fundamental
Inalienable
Imprescriptible
Indivisible
Universal
Interdependent
Basic Characteristics of
Human Rights

Categories of Human Rights
As Fundamental Freedom in Political
Rights
As Democratic Rights
As Mobility Rights
As Right to Life, Liberty and the
Security of the Person
As Legal Rights
As Rights of Equality

As Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
AsWorkers’ Rights
As Aboriginal Rights
As Reproductive Rights
As Protective Rights of Persons in
Armed Conflicts
As Right of Self-determination
As Minority Group Right

As Fundamental Freedom in
Political Rights
 The Bill of Rights in the
Philippine Constitution
contains these fundamental
freedoms

As Democratic Rights
Rights that are commonly
exercised in a democratic
state

As Mobility Rights
 Right to travel and return to
one’s country, and the freedom
to movement within the country
 National as well as international
in character

As Right to Life, Liberty and the
Security of the Person
 Represents the core of
fundamental rights which
relate to the right to physical
and personal integrity,
consistent with human dignity.

As Legal Rights
Rights that constitute due
process that can be invoked
by persons accused.

As Rights of Equality
 Right against discrimination
 Everyone is equal before the
law and is entitled to equal
protection or the equal benefit
of the law.

As Economic, Social and
Cultural Rights
 Considered to be more of standards
to be observed by the State
 Freedom from detention, torture and other
forms of political repression will be
meaningless when people are hostage to
hunger, disease, ignorance and
unemployment.

As Workers’ Rights
 Includes the right to association,
the right to organize unions, to
bargain collectively, the
prohibition of employment of
children, and the guarantee of
minimum wages and other
support.

As Aboriginal Rights
Associated with the rights
of indigenous cultural
tribes or communities

As Reproductive Rights
 Includes the right to found a
family and bear children, to
gender sensitivity and the
biomedical technology, and to
family planning

As Protective Rights of
Persons in Armed Conflicts
 Rights provided in the
international humanitarian law
for the protection of children,
women and non-combatants
during internal armed conflicts

As Right of Self-determination
 This rights was asserted by
colonial peoples in their struggle
for independence
 Right of people to be free from
colonial rule and decide their own
destiny (Article II, Section 7, Philippine
Constitution)

As Minority Group Right
These rights include the
protection of ethnic,
linguistic and religious
minorities (Article XIV, Section 7,
Philippine Constitution)

Origin of Human Rights in the
Philippines
1896
 Educated Filipinos were already
aware of the basic constitutional
guarantees mentioned in the
American and English Bill of Rights

June 2o, 1899
 Malolos Constitution was adopted,
establishing a Republican government,
contained several provisions on civil and
political rights, guaranteeing freedom from
arbitrary arrest and detention, freedom from
searches and seizures, freedom to choose
home and freedom of religion.
Origin of Human Rights in the Philippines

1901
 Upon assumption of U.S.
sovereignty over the Philippines,
President McKinley directed
application of the American Bill of
Rights through his Instruction to
the Philippine Commission

 Said principles were reiterated in
the Philippine Bill of 1902, the
Philippine Autonomy Act of 1916
(Jones Law), and the Philippine
Independence Act of 1934
(Tydings- Mcduffee Law)

1935
 The first Philippine Constitution was
adopted
1937
 Philippine constitution was reiterated
 Bill of Rights included which are now
known as civil and political rights

1942-1944
 Filipinos were temporarily deprived of the
enjoyment of the civil and political rights
(military rule of Japan)
1945
 Civil and political rights of Filipinos restored

1970’s
 Rule of President Ferdinand Marcos
 Filipinos were again subjected to violation
of human rights
1986
 EDSA Revolution
 A new resolution was adopted which took
effect the following year

1987
 The new constitution
categorically states that the State
values dignity of every human
person and guarantees full
respect for human rights (Bill of
Rights).

ABAYA, R.B.2008.Ethics and the Filipino. 2nd edition.
MandaluyongCity: National Book Store, 119-126 pp.
COQUIA, J.R. 2000. Human Rights. QuezonCity: Central
Professional Books Inc., 1-35 pp.
“Human Rights.” December 2012:Diffun, Quirino. 7 June 2013
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/rights-human/>.
“Human Rights in the Philippines.” Diffun, Quirino. 7 June 2013
<http://www.hrw.org/asia/-philippines>.
References

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