Inheritance in c++

Object Oriented Programming
Unit III
Operators & Inheritance In C++
Prepared By
Prof. Vishal S Patil
Asst. Prof AEC/CSE Dept.

Topics
 Inheritance in C++
 Types of Inheritance

Inheritance in C++
 The mechanism of deriving a class from another class is
known as Inheritance.
 Inheritance is the most importance concept of object
oriented programming.
 It allows us to define a class in terms of another class,
which helps to create and maintain an application.
 The main advantage of Inheritance is, it provides an
opportunity to reuse the code functionality and fast
implementation time.
 The members of the class can be Public, Private or
Protected.

 Syntax:
class DerivedClass : AccessSpecifier BaseClass
 The default access specifier is Private.
 Inheritance helps user to create a new class (derived
class) from a existing class (base class).
 Derived class inherits all the features from a Base class
including additional feature of its own.

Types of Inheritance.
1. Single Inheritance
2. Multiple Inheritance
3. Multilevel Inheritance
4. Hierarchical Inheritance
5. Hybrid Inheritance

1. Single Inheritance
 In Single Inheritance, one class is derived from another
class.
 It represents a form of inheritance where there is only one
base and derived class.

// C++ program to explain Single inheritance
#include <iostream.h>
class Vehicle {
public:
Vehicle()
{
cout << "This is a Vehicle" << endl;
}
};
class Car: public Vehicle{
};
int main()
{
Car obj; // creating object of sub class will invoke the constructor of base classes
return 0;
}

 Multiple Inheritance: Multiple Inheritance is a feature
of C++ where a class can inherit from more than one
classes. i.e one sub class is inherited from more than
one base classes. Syntax
class subclass_name : access_mode base_class1, access_mode
base_class2, ....
{ //body of subclass
};

C++ program to explain multiple inheritance
class Vehicle {
public:
Vehicle()
{
}
};
class FourWheeler {
public:
FourWheeler()
{
cout << "This is a 4 wheeler Vehicle“;
}
};
class Car: public Vehicle, public FourWheeler
{
};
int main()
{
// creating object of sub class will
// invoke the constructor of base classes
Car obj;
return 0;
}
Output:
This is a Vehicle
This is a 4 wheeler Vehicle

3.Multilevel Inheritance
In this type of inheritance, a derived class is
created from another derived class.

C++ program to implement Multilevel Inheritance
class Vehicle
{
public:
Vehicle()
{
}
};
class fourWheeler: public Vehicle
{ public:
fourWheeler()
{
cout<<"Objects with 4 wheels are
vehicles"<<endl;
}
};
class Car: public fourWheeler{
public:
car()
{
cout<<"Car has 4 Wheels"<<endl;
}
};
int main()
{
Car obj;
return 0;
}
output:
This is a Vehicle
Objects with 4 wheels are vehicles
Car has 4 Wheels

4 Hierarchical Inheritance:
In this type of inheritance, more than one sub
class is inherited from a single base class. i.e. more
than one derived class is created from a single base
class.

C++ program to implement Hierarchical Inheritance
#include <iostream>
class Vehicle
{
public:
Vehicle()
{
cout << "This is a Vehicle" <<
endl;
}
};
class Car: public Vehicle
{
};
class Bus: public Vehicle
{
};
int main()
{
Car obj1;
Bus obj2;
return 0;
}
Output:
This is a Vehicle
This is a Vehicle

5 Hybrid (Virtual) Inheritance:
Hybrid Inheritance is implemented by combining more than one type of
inheritance. For example: Combining Hierarchical inheritance and
Multiple Inheritance. Below image shows the combination of
hierarchical and multiple inheritance:

// C++ program for Hybrid Inheritance
class Vehicle
{
public:
Vehicle()
{
}
};
class Fare
{
public:
Fare()
{
cout<<"Fare of Vehiclen";
}
};
class Car: public Vehicle
{
};
class Bus: public Vehicle, public Fare
{
};
int main()
{
Bus obj2;
return 0;
}
Output:
This is a Vehicle
Fare of Vehicle

Reference
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/inheritance-in-cpp/

Inheritance in c++

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