Intro to Open Source Hardware (OSHW)

Presented at Heart of Illinois Open Tech Summit on March 23, 2017
Drew Fustini
OSH Park
drew@oshpark.com
@oshpark / @pdp7
Introduction to
Open Source Hardware

Design is made
publicly available
so that anyone can
study,
modify,
distribute,
make
or sell
designs or
hardware based on that design

Documentation required for electronics:
Schematics Board Layout
Editable source files for CAD software (KiCad, EAGLE, Altium, etc)
Bill of Materials (BOM)
Best practice: all components available in low quantity distribution

Example: Arduino
● Achieved critical mass by sharing design files
● Arduino: The Documentary describes the

●
EAGLE design files for Arduino Uno
Example: Arduino

Publish documentation with an
Open Source license:
●
Creative Commons Share-Alike: CC-BY-SA
●
Non-Commercial (NC) clause is NOT acceptable
●
Copyleft: GPLv2, GPLv3
●
Permissive: Apache, BSD, MIT
●
OSHW inspired: CERN OHL, TAPR, SolderPad

CERN Open Hardware Licence
●
Originally written for CERN designs hosted in the
Open Hardware Repository
●
Can used by any designer wishing to share design
information using a license compliant with the OSHW
definition criteria.
●
CERN OHL version 1.2
Contains the license itself and a guide to its usage

Myriam Ayass, legal adviser at CERN and author of the
CERN OHL:
●
OHL is to hardware what GPL is to software
●
Similar principles to Free or Open Source software
●
Anyone should be able to:
see the source*
, study it, modify it and share it
*
the design documentation in case of hardware

●
Video interview with Javier Serrano
●
physicist and electronics engineer at CERN
●
co-author of the CERN Open Hardware License
●
creator of the Open Hardware Repository

Licenses, Copyright and Patents
can get confusing!
Review of Popular OSHW Licenses
Video of Ari Douglas at OHS 2014

What is the spirit of Open Source?
●
Publish everything that will:
enable collaborative development
●
The goal is NOT to just check a box on a marketing
flyer or add keywords to a Kickstarter campaign

●
US-based 501(c)3 non-profit organization
●
Hosts the Open Source Hardware definition
●
The Open Source Hardware Association
(OSHWA) “aims to be the voice of the open
hardware community, ensuring that
technological knowledge is accessible to
everyone, and encouraging the collaborative
development of technology”

●
Best Practices
●
Quick Reference Guide
●
May and Must attributes (PDF)

Open Hardware Summit (OHS)
●
OHS 2017: Denver, Colorado, October 5th
●
7 prior summits:
●
2010, 2011: New York Hall of Science
●
2012: Eyebeam (NYC)
●
2013: MIT (Boston area)
●
2014: Roma, Italia!
●
2015: Philadelphia
●
2016: Portland, Oregon

●
OHS 2017: Denver, Colorado, October 5th
●
Speaker Submissions are open!
●
Ada Lovelace Fellowship aims to increase
diversity by offering a $500 travel stipend
each for 10 people

2014 videos:

2015 videos:

● OHS 2016 morning sessions
● OHS 2016 afternoon sessions

Certification Program
● Announced by OSHWA at Open Hardware
Summit in Portland back in October 2016
● Blog post:
Announcing the OSHWA Open Source Hardware

● Allows hardware that complies with the
community definition of Open Source Hardware
to display a certified OSHW logo
● Make it easier for users of OSHW to track down
documentation and information
● More information: certificate.oshwa.org

Open Hardware Europe Summit 2016
● Video playlist on YouTube
● Open Hardware Europe Summit & The DIY 2.0 revolution
– “The global open hardware community met in Vienna,
Austria to give talks about new aspects, new methods and
lessons learned for the open hardware movement.”

Resources
● Join OSHWA
● Subscribe to the mailing list
● Post in the OSHWA Forum
● Follow on Twitter:
– @OHSummit
– @oshwassociation
● Building Open Source Hardware
by Alicia Gibb (executive director of OSHWA)

● “The goal of the global community-driven
apertus° project is to create a variety of
powerful, affordable, free (in terms of liberty),
sustainable and open digital cinema tools that
we as filmmakers love to use”

● “The AXIOM product line is the result of this
ongoing endeavor and after successful crowd
funding and receiving an EU Innovation grant is
well on track to redefine the industry well
beyond the DIY garages and hobbyist labs the
project started in”

Lulzbot 3-D Printers
100% Open Source
Hardware & Software
● FSF Respects Your Freedom certified

RepRap 3-D Printers
● RepRap project started as an academic initiative to
develop a low-cost 3D printer that can print most of
its own components
● Giving Manufacturing a New Life
by Adrian Bowyer
● Prusa i3 M2 RepRap designed
and manufactured by Josef Prusa
in Czech Republic

Novena laptop
● Created by Bunnie & xobs
– Chumby! Hacking the X-Box! Amazing reverse engineers
– The Exploration and Exploitation of an SD Memory Card
● 100% Open Source Hardware laptop
● Quad-core 1.2GHz Freescale ARM CPU
● FPGA! 4GB RAM, WiFi, 2x Ethernet, SSD

● ARM Linux on Open Source Hardware
● Developed by BeagleBoard.org Foundation
and BeagleBoard.org Community
● Manufacturers: element14, GHI, Seeed

BeagleBone Black Wireless
● 1 GHz ARM processor, 512 MB RAM
● 2x 32-bit PRU microcontroller for hard real-time
● 4GB eMMC with Debian GNU/Linux installed
● WiFi 802.11 b/g/n, Bluetooth 4.1 with BLE
● HDMI / USB / 65 GPIO pins / 8 PWM outputs
● 7 analog inputs / 4x UART / 2x I2C / 2x SPI

● CadSoft EAGLE design files hosted on GitHub
● Bill of Materials: every part available in qty 1
● Octavo System-in-Package (SiP) large pitch BGA
simplifies PCB layout and assembly
BeagleBone Black Wireless

MinnowBoard
● 64-bit Intel Atom “Bay Trail”
● MinnowBoard Turbot
– $135: E3826 (dual-core, 1.46 GHz)
● USB 3.0, SATA, PCIe, Gigabit Ethernet, HDMI
● Integrated Intel HD Graphics
– Open Source Mainline Linux drivers!

MinnowBoard
● Manufactured by ADI
● Released under Creative Commons CC-BY-SA
● Download:
– [x] Schematic (Orcad DSN & PDF)
– [x] Board Layout (Allegro BRD & Gerbers)
– [x] Bill of Materials

OLinuXino
● Low cost OSHW Linux computers
● Designed and manufactured by Olimex
in Bulgaria
● Blog post:
“Open Source Hardware, why it matters
and what is pseudo OSHW”

A64-OlinuXino
● Allwinner A64: Quad Core 64-bit ARM
● Designed with Open Source KiCad
● 1GB RAM, 4GB eMMC, WiFi+BLE4.0

http://www.slideshare.net/olimexbulgaria/designing-with-kicad-of-64bit-arm-board

● getchip.com
● Next Thing Co. in Oakland
● Kickstarter in 2015:
● 39,560 backers
● $2,071,927 pledged

Intro to Open Source Hardware (OSHW)

● GitHub: NextThingCo/CHIP-Hardware
– Schematics
– PCB Layout
– Bill of Materials (BoM)
● License:
– Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike
(CC-BY-SA)
C.H.I.P. is OSHW

Section:
OSHW in Science
Suggestions from the OSHWA mailing list

Public Lab
● “Using inexpensive DIY techniques, we seek to
change how people see the world in
environmental, social, and political terms.”
● Office in Portland!
● Riffle: Open Source Water Monitoring
● Desktop Spectrometry
● Balloon Mapping Kit

Generic Lab Equipement
● GaudiLabs in Lucern, Switzerland
– part of the hackteria.org open source biology art network

Generic Lab Equipement
● WebCam Microscope
● Hard Drive Centrifuge
● Incubator Controller
● Gel Box and High Voltage Supply
● Turbidity Meter Kit
● DIY Microvolume Spectrometer
● My Open PCR
● Tube Racks

GOSH 2017
● Gathering for Open Science Hardware
● Santigo, Chile. March 22-25, 2017.
● “growing number of people around world are
developing and using Open Science Hardware,
and we want to help build self-organising
community to drive change in open science”

OpenTrons
● Robots for Biologists
● “We think biologists should have robots to do
pipetting for them.”
● “They should be able to spend their time
designing experiments and analyzing data.”

OpenDrop
● “Desktop Digital Biology Laboratory”
● digital microfludics platform for research
● part of a bigger ecosystem around digital
biology with the aim of making personal lab-
automation accessible to more people

OpenPCR
● PCR is a method of copying
DNA molecules.
● OpenPCR is a project to
develop open source
hardware, software, and
protocols to perform PCR and
Real-Time PCR reactions
● community dedicated to
openness in science and
applying the fundamental
technologies of PCR to global
problems

Open Source Imaging (MRI)
● Open Source Magnetic Resonance Imaging
● Opencore NMR is an open-source toolkit for
implementing an NMR spectrometer
● LukasW log: “COSI Magnet: Single ring results
look fantastic! Less than 2% difference to
simulation”

MOST research group
● Joshua Pearce Research Group at Michigan
Tech in Open Sustainability Technology
(MOST) focuses on open and applied
sustainability
● Exploring the way solar photovoltaic technology
can sustainably power our society

Libre Space Foundation
● Non-profit for Open Source HW & SW in Space
● UPSat: first open hardware satellite bound to
be launched to the International Space Station
in late December
● SatNOGS: open source hardware satellite
ground-station network

What about silicon?
● RISC-V: Free & Open RISC Instruction Set Arch
– “new instruction set architecture (ISA) that was originally
designed to support computer architecture research and
education and is now set to become a standard open
architecture for industry”
– Video:
Instruction Sets Want To Be Free: A Case for RISC-V

What about silicon?
● OnChip Open-V
“completely free (as in freedom) and open
source 32-bit microcontroller based on the
RISC-V architecture”

What about silicon?
● SiFive
“founded by the creators of the free and open
RISC-V architecture as a reaction to the end of
conventional transistor scaling and escalating
chip design costs”

What about silicon?
● HiFive1: Arduino-Compatible RISC-V Dev Kit

What about silicon?
● LowRISC
“creating a fully open-sourced, Linux-capable,
RISC-V-based SoC, that can be used either
directly or as the basis for a custom design. We
aim to complete our SoC design this year”

What about silicon?
● FOSSi Foundation
– The Free and Open Source Silicon Foundation
– “non-profit foundation with the mission to promote
and assist free and open digital hardware designs
and their related ecosystems. FOSSi Foundation
operates as an open, inclusive, vendor-independent
group.”

Thanks
● Suggestions from the OSHWA mailing list:
– Abram Connelly
– Andrew Plumb
– Andrew Quitmeyer
– Eleftherios Kosmas
– Marcin Jakubowski

Contact info
● email: Drew Fustini <drew@oshpark.com>
● SMS: +1-773-710-7131
● twitter: @OSHPark / @pdp7
● OSH Park Blog

Intro to Open Source Hardware (OSHW)

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Intro to Open Source Hardware (OSHW)