This document provides an overview of object-oriented programming (OOP) and Java. It defines key OOP concepts like classes, objects, methods, attributes, inheritance, encapsulation, and polymorphism. It also introduces Java, describing it as a general-purpose, object-oriented programming language that is simple, portable, reliable, secure, and multithreaded. The document notes some of Java's advantages over C++ as well as its potential disadvantage of being slower than compiled languages like C.
Introduction to Java, its syntax and environment setup
The first tutorial is going to be an introduction to Java and its syntax. The tutorial starts with basic examples such as printing out a String and ends with some quiz questions for you to practice what you have learned. Also I provided the download links for the Integrated Development Environments for Java Programming. The rest of the tutorials will follow the same content-quiz pattern so get ready for some hands on experience!
Check out rest of the Tutorials: https://berksoysal.blogspot.com/2016/06/java-se-tutorials-basics-exercises.html
Java is an object-oriented programming language developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems in 1991. It derives much of its syntax from C and C++ but is designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible so that applications written in Java can run on any device with a Java Virtual Machine (JVM). The JVM converts Java bytecode into machine code that can be executed by the device's processor. This allows Java programs to run on any platform that has a JVM without needing to be recompiled.
This document provides an overview of object-oriented programming concepts in Java including abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. It discusses key Java concepts like classes, objects, methods, and access specifiers. It also covers Java fundamentals like variables, data types, operators, control flow statements, comments, and arrays. Additionally, it describes the Java runtime environment, how to set up a Java development environment, compile and run a simple Java program. The document is intended as an introduction to object-oriented programming and the Java programming language.
This document provides an introduction to object oriented programming concepts in Java. It discusses key topics like what a computer is, developer skills, memory management, and an introduction to Java. Object oriented programming principles like inheritance, abstraction, encapsulation, and polymorphism are defined. The document also covers exceptions in Java like defining exceptions, reasons they occur, and handling exceptions.
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The document discusses key concepts in Java including classes, objects, methods, and command line arguments. A class defines common properties and behaviors for objects through fields and methods. Objects are instantiated from classes and can access fields and methods using dot notation. Command line arguments allow passing data into a Java application and are accessed through the args parameter in the main method.
Objects represent real-world entities and have unique identities, states, and behaviors. A class defines the structure and behavior of objects through instance variables and methods. Objects are created from classes and inherit their structure and functionality. Key concepts in object-oriented programming include encapsulation, polymorphism, inheritance, abstract classes, and static and dynamic binding.
This document discusses Java 8 features including defining methods in interfaces, functional programming concepts, lambda expressions, and the stream API. Key points include: interfaces can now define default and static methods; functional programming uses declarative code, avoids mutability, and handles concurrency; lambda expressions define anonymous methods; and the stream API processes data in parallel streams to leverage multi-core architectures.
Scala is a programming language that combines object-oriented and functional programming. It runs on the Java Virtual Machine and is designed to grow with user demands through libraries. Play 2.0 is a web application framework written in Scala that allows for rapid development through its Model-View-Controller architecture and local development server. Cloud Foundry is an open Platform as a Service that allows developers to easily deploy and scale applications, including those written in Scala and Play 2.0.
The document provides an introduction to Java programming concepts including object-oriented programming, Java features, program structure, tokens, control statements, arrays, classes and objects. It discusses key Java concepts such as encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism. The document also compares Java to C++ and covers data types, operators, selection statements, iteration statements and type conversion in Java.
This document provides an introduction to GUI programming using Swing in Java. It discusses the key differences between AWT and Swing, including that Swing components are lightweight and platform independent. The document covers Swing concepts like the model-view-controller architecture, event dispatch thread, common Swing components like JPanel and JScrollPane, and layout managers. It also discusses setting colors, fonts, and default operations in a JFrame. The goal of the document is to introduce developers to essential Swing concepts for GUI programming in Java.
1) Java is an object-oriented programming language that uses a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) to run programs on different platforms like Linux and Windows.
2) The Java APIs provide prebuilt classes that can be used in programs to simplify development.
3) Key features of Java include being simple, architecture-neutral, object-oriented, distributed, compiled, interpreted, statically typed, multi-threaded, garbage collected, portable, high-performance, robust, secure, and extensible.
This document discusses object-oriented programming concepts. It defines an object as anything that can be represented by data and manipulated by a program. An object contains both data, representing its state, and methods that manipulate the data. The four main pillars of OOP are encapsulation, abstraction, polymorphism, and inheritance. Encapsulation bundles data and code into single units, while abstraction hides implementation details. Polymorphism allows the same method to act differently based on the object, and inheritance allows a class to acquire properties from another class.
The document discusses input and output streams in Java. It describes the BufferedReader class, which reads text from a character input stream and buffers it for efficient reading. It also discusses the Scanner class in Java's util package for reading user input through the keyboard. An example program is provided that uses Scanner to read integer and float values from the user and calculate their sum.
defination for object oriented programming,concept for oops,defination for class,object,member variable,member function,inheritance,parentclass and child class defination,polymorphism,overloading,dataabstraction,encapsulation,constructor and destructor,interfaces and rules,abstract class,object cloning
This document provides an overview of programming with C# and .NET. It discusses key concepts like the .NET Framework, Common Language Runtime (CLR), C# language features, assemblies, namespaces, properties, delegates and events, inheritance, interfaces, structures, pointers, boxing and unboxing, ref and out parameters, and .NET Remoting. It includes examples to demonstrate many of these programming concepts.
The document discusses various .NET component technologies including Component Object Model (COM), Distributed COM (DCOM), ActiveX controls, and .NET components. It also covers related concepts like assemblies, AppDomains, contexts, and reflection. COM is an interface standard introduced by Microsoft in 1993 to enable interprocess communication and dynamic object creation. DCOM extends COM to enable communication across networked computers. ActiveX controls allow embedding functionality in web pages. .NET components provide a programmable interface accessed by client applications.
Java 102 intro to object-oriented programming in javaagorolabs
This document provides an overview of object-oriented programming concepts in Java including classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism and libraries. Key points include:
- Classes act as a blueprint for objects with properties and behaviors defined through fields and methods.
- Objects are instantiated from classes using the new keyword and represent unique instances of the class.
- Encapsulation protects data by restricting access to fields and providing public getters/setters.
- Inheritance allows new classes to extend existing classes, inheriting properties and behaviors while also allowing customization.
- Libraries provide reusable code through APIs while hiding implementation details from clients.
This whole C++ course focus on giving the insight of different kind of data structures that could be used while dealing with a variety of data that needs to be stored depending upon the circumstances.
The course also focus on how to reduce the complexity of a code by teaching us the variety of approaches that could be employed for a solving the same problem.
The document provides an overview of iOS application development using Objective-C. It discusses that Objective-C adds object-oriented programming to C by incorporating Smalltalk-style messaging. It also notes that Objective-C is the main programming language used by Apple for iOS and OS X operating systems. The document then covers Objective-C syntax, classes, memory management using reference counting, protocols, blocks, and exception handling.
The document discusses key concepts related to memory models in C#, including:
1. The compilation process involves lexical analysis, parsing, semantic analysis, optimization, and code generation.
2. Value types are stored on the stack while reference types are stored on the heap.
3. The garbage collector performs memory management by freeing up unused memory on the heap.
C# is an object-oriented programming language developed by Microsoft. The document discusses C# fundamentals including object-oriented programming concepts like classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. It also covers creating a basic "Hello World" C# console application in Visual Studio and debugging and running applications using the Visual Studio integrated development environment.
The document provides an introduction to programming with core Java. It discusses Java terminology like the Java Virtual Machine, Java Development Kit, and Java Runtime Environment. It also covers Java variables and data types, operators, strings, arrays, classes and objects, constructors, polymorphism, keywords like static, this, abstract, super, and final. It lists features of Java 8 and some common applications developed using Java like Spotify, Twitter, and Signal. The conclusion reflects on the learning experience of working with core Java concepts.
C++ is a middle-level programming language developed by Bjarne Stroustrup starting in 1979 at Bell Labs. C++ runs on a variety of platforms, such as Windows, Mac OS, and the various versions of UNIX
Most C++ compilers don't care what extension you give your source code, but if you don't specify otherwise, many will use .cpp by default
Most frequently used and free available compiler is GNU C/C++ compiler, otherwise you can have compilers either from HP or Solaris if you have respective Operating Systems.
This document provides an overview of Java programming including:
- A brief history of Java originating from Sun Microsystems' Green project in the 1990s.
- An introduction to core Java concepts like the Java Virtual Machine, bytecode, and platforms independence.
- A discussion of object-oriented programming principles like abstraction, encapsulation, and polymorphism and how they are implemented in Java.
- Descriptions of common Java program types like applications and applets and how they are processed by the Java runtime environment.
- An introduction to Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams used for software design.
This document discusses object-oriented programming concepts in Objective-C, including classes and objects, properties, methods, interfaces, implementations, memory management, and properties. It provides code examples for defining a Car class with properties like model and methods like drive(). It demonstrates creating instances of the Car class, setting properties, and calling methods.
This document discusses object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts and languages. It begins with an introduction to programming languages from low-level machine languages to high-level languages. It then covers OOP concepts like classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. It provides examples to illustrate these concepts. The document also discusses advantages and disadvantages of OOP as well as its suitability for complex, modular systems that can benefit from code reuse.
This document provides an overview of object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts including objects, classes, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction. It explains that OOP allows decomposition of programs into objects that contain both data and functions. Classes act as blueprints for objects and define their properties and behaviors.
This document provides an overview of object-oriented programming and Java. It discusses the major programming paradigms including imperative, logical, functional and object-oriented. It then covers the key principles of object-oriented programming like encapsulation, inheritance, abstraction and polymorphism. The document also defines Java applications and applets and explains the processes of editing, compiling and interpreting Java code.
TypeScript is a typed superset of JavaScript that compiles to plain JavaScript. It adds static typing and structuring mechanisms like classes, interfaces, and modules to JavaScript to help catch errors and provide better documentation for large scale JavaScript application development. Some key features of TypeScript include optional static types for functions and variables, classes with inheritance and static methods, interfaces, modules, generics, and type inference.
This document provides an overview of object-oriented programming and Java. It defines object-oriented programming as organizing programs around objects and their interfaces rather than functions. The key concepts of OOP discussed include classes, objects, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction. It also provides details on the history and characteristics of Java, the most popular language for OOP. The document is serving as course material for a programming paradigms class focusing on OOP using Java.
Object Oriented Database Management systems evolved to address the complex objects in emerging applications that could not be effectively represented in the relational model. ODBMSs provide a direct representation of objects to the database, overcoming the impedance mismatch between application data structures and the relational model. ODBMSs take two approaches - persistent object oriented programming languages that add persistence to programming language objects, and object-relational databases that extend relational databases with object features. The Object Database Management Group developed standards including an object model, query language, and language bindings to allow portability between ODBMS systems.
This document provides an overview of the Java programming language. It discusses the history and origins of Java, defines what Java is, and lists some of its common uses. It then provides reasons for using Java, including that it works on multiple platforms, is one of the most popular languages, is easy to learn, is open-source, and has a large community. The document also introduces key Java concepts like syntax, variables, data types, classes and objects, inheritance, and packages.
A brand new catalog for the 2024 edition of IWISS. We have enriched our product range and have more innovations in electrician tools, plumbing tools, wire rope tools and banding tools. Let's explore together!
Understanding Cybersecurity Breaches: Causes, Consequences, and PreventionBert Blevins
Cybersecurity breaches are a growing threat in today’s interconnected digital landscape, affecting individuals, businesses, and governments alike. These breaches compromise sensitive information and erode trust in online services and systems. Understanding the causes, consequences, and prevention strategies of cybersecurity breaches is crucial to protect against these pervasive risks.
Cybersecurity breaches refer to unauthorized access, manipulation, or destruction of digital information or systems. They can occur through various means such as malware, phishing attacks, insider threats, and vulnerabilities in software or hardware. Once a breach happens, cybercriminals can exploit the compromised data for financial gain, espionage, or sabotage. Causes of breaches include software and hardware vulnerabilities, phishing attacks, insider threats, weak passwords, and a lack of security awareness.
The consequences of cybersecurity breaches are severe. Financial loss is a significant impact, as organizations face theft of funds, legal fees, and repair costs. Breaches also damage reputations, leading to a loss of trust among customers, partners, and stakeholders. Regulatory penalties are another consequence, with hefty fines imposed for non-compliance with data protection regulations. Intellectual property theft undermines innovation and competitiveness, while disruptions of critical services like healthcare and utilities impact public safety and well-being.
A vernier caliper is a precision instrument used to measure dimensions with high accuracy. It can measure internal and external dimensions, as well as depths.
Here is a detailed description of its parts and how to use it.
Unblocking The Main Thread - Solving ANRs and Frozen FramesSinan KOZAK
In the realm of Android development, the main thread is our stage, but too often, it becomes a battleground where performance issues arise, leading to ANRS, frozen frames, and sluggish Uls. As we strive for excellence in user experience, understanding and optimizing the main thread becomes essential to prevent these common perforrmance bottlenecks. We have strategies and best practices for keeping the main thread uncluttered. We'll examine the root causes of performance issues and techniques for monitoring and improving main thread health as wel as app performance. In this talk, participants will walk away with practical knowledge on enhancing app performance by mastering the main thread. We'll share proven approaches to eliminate real-life ANRS and frozen frames to build apps that deliver butter smooth experience.
An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a logical numeric address that is assigned to every single computer, printer, switch, router, tablets, smartphones or any other device that is part of a TCP/IP-based network.
Types of IP address-
Dynamic means "constantly changing “ .dynamic IP addresses aren't more powerful, but they can change.
Static means staying the same. Static. Stand. Stable. Yes, static IP addresses don't change.
Most IP addresses assigned today by Internet Service Providers are dynamic IP addresses. It's more cost effective for the ISP and you.
A brief introduction to quadcopter (drone) working. It provides an overview of flight stability, dynamics, general control system block diagram, and the electronic hardware.
2. Programming Languages
• Programming languages allow programmers
to code software.
• The three major families of languages are:
– Machine languages
– Assembly languages
– High-Level languages
3. Machine Languages
• Comprised of 1s and 0s
• The “native” language of a computer
• Difficult to program – one misplaced 1 or 0
will cause the program to fail.
• Example of code:
1110100010101 111010101110
10111010110100 10100011110111
4. Assembly Languages
• Assembly languages are a step towards easier
programming.
• Assembly languages are comprised of a set of
elemental commands which are tied to a
specific processor.
• Assembly language code needs to be
translated to machine language before the
computer processes it.
• Example:
ADD 1001010, 1011010
5. High-Level Languages
• High-level languages represent a giant leap
towards easier programming.
• The syntax of HL languages is similar to
English.
• Historically, we divide HL languages into two
groups:
– Procedural languages
– Object-Oriented languages (OOP)
6. Procedural Languages
• Early high-level languages are typically called
procedural languages.
• Procedural languages are characterized by
sequential sets of linear commands. The focus
of such languages is on structure.
• Examples include C, COBOL, Fortran, LISP, Perl,
HTML, VBScript
7. Object Oriented Programming
• Object – Unique programming entity that has
methods, has attributes and can react to
events.
• Method – Things which an object can do; the
“verbs” of objects. In code, usually can be
identified by an “action” word -- Hide, Show
8. Object Oriented Programming
• Attribute – Things which describe an object;
the “adjectives” of objects. In code, usually
can be identified by a “descriptive” word –
Enabled, BackColor
• Events – Forces external to an object to which
that object can react. In code, usually attached
to an event procedure
9. Object Oriented Programming
• Class – Provides a way to create new objects
based on a “meta-definition” of an object
(Example: The automobile class)
• Constructors – Special methods used to create
new instances of a class (Example: A Honda
Civic is an instance of the automobile class.)
10. OOP - Encapsulation
• Incorporation into a class of data & operations
in one package
• Data can only be accessed through that
package
• “Information Hiding”
11. OOP - Inheritance
• Allows programmers to create new classes
based on an existing class
• Methods and attributes from the parent class
are inherited by the newly-created class
• New methods and attributes can be created in
the new class, but don’t affect the parent
class’s definition
12. OOP - Polymorphism
• Creating methods which describe the way to
do some general function (Example: The
“drive” method in the automobile class)
• Polymorphic methods can adapt to specific
types of objects.
13. Classes and Objects
• A class is a data type that allows programmers to
create objects. A class provides a definition for an
object, describing an object’s attributes (data)
and methods (operations).
• An object is an instance of a class. With one
class, you can have as many objects as required.
• This is analogous to a variable and a data type,
the class is the data type and the object is the
variable.
15. • Mam, I learnt that, object is a instance of
class, and constructor is also a instance of a
class. How can it be possible mam?. Can you
please explain mam? But the declaration of a
object is different from constructor.(learnt
from c++) Please explain mam
16. • A class is a kind of data type, just like a string,
integer or list. When we create an object of
that data type, we call it an instance of a class.
17. • A constructor is a member function of a class
which initializes objects of a class. In C++,
Constructor is automatically called when
object(instance of class) create. It is special
member function of the class.
18. • How constructors are different from a normal
member function?
A constructor is different from normal
functions in following ways:
Constructor has same name as the class itself
Constructors don’t have return type
A constructor is automatically called when an
object is created.
19. If we do not specify a
constructor, C++ compiler
generates a default
constructor for us (expects
no parameters and has an
empty body).
20. • we have created a simple object and then we
assign values to each data member of the
class in the main function after reading these
values from the standard input. Then ,we will
take a look at a special function that is used to
initialize the object during its creation. This
special function is called a constructor.
23. What is java?
• Developed by Sun Microsystems (James Gosling)
• A general-purpose object-oriented language
• Based on C/C++
• Designed for easy Web/Internet applications
• Widespread acceptance
24. Java Features (1)
• Simple
– fixes some clumsy features of C++
– no pointers
– automatic garbage collection
– rich pre-defined class library http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/docs/api/
• Object oriented
– focus on the data (objects) and methods manipulating the data
– all functions are associated with objects
– almost all datatypes are objects (files, strings, etc.)
– potentially better code organization and reuse
25. • Interpreted
– java compiler generate byte-codes, not native machine code
– the compiled byte-codes are platform-independent
– java bytecodes are translated on the fly to machine readable
instructions in runtime (Java Virtual Machine)
• Portable
– same application runs on all platforms
– the sizes of the primitive data types are always the same
– the libraries define portable interfaces
Java Features (2)
26. Java Features (3)
• Reliable
– extensive compile-time and runtime error checking
– no pointers but real arrays. Memory corruptions or unauthorized
memory accesses are impossible
– automatic garbage collection tracks objects usage over time
• Secure
– usage in networked environments requires more security
– memory allocation model is a major defense
– access restrictions are forced (private, public)
27. Java Features (4)
• Multithreaded
– multiple concurrent threads of executions can run simultaneously
– utilizes a sophisticated set of synchronization primitives (based on
monitors and condition variables paradigm) to achieve this
• Dynamic
– java is designed to adapt to evolving environment
– libraries can freely add new methods and instance variables without
any effect on their clients
– interfaces promote flexibility and reusability in code by specifying a set
of methods an object can perform, but leaves open how these
methods should be implemented
– can check the class type in runtime
28. Java Disadvantages
• Slower than compiled language such as C
– an experiment in 1999 showed that Java was 3 or 4 times slower than
C or C++
title of the article: “Comparing Java vs. C/C++ Efficiency Issues to Interpersonal
Issues” (Lutz Prechelt)
– adequate for all but the most time-intensive programs