Introduction to Nature-Based Solutions.pdf
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Presented at the 11th roundtable on financing water in Brussels, Belgium on 30-31 May, 2024. Intervention by Sophie Tremolet, Water Team Lead, Environment Directorate, OECD
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Introduction to Nature-Based Solutions.pdf
- 1. Session 6, “From grey to green- adapting and financing novel approaches to water management in EaP countries” Introduction Sophie Trémolet, Water Team Lead, ENV, OECD – Sophie.tremolet@oecd.org
- 3. Several factors seriously undermine water security, many related to land use 3 No, limited or inadequate access Water is too polluted Too little water (droughts) Too much water (flooding) Risk factors / Drivers of change Demography • Population growth • Urbanization Food Production • Food demand growth • Diet changes Energy • Energy demand growth • Biofuels Climate Change • Reduced precipitation • Glacial melt • Extreme weather events • Sea level rise Poor Water Management • Uncontrolled water pollution and lack of monitoring • Misallocation between competing uses • Inadequate legal framework • Weak / poorly managed institutions • Lack of funding Dimensions of water insecurity
- 4. 4 Protecting Forests Planting trees Improving agricultural practices Restoring river systems Protecting and restoring wetlands Intentional integrated planning for new or growing development NbS implementation as an add-on to an existing built system 1 2 Restoring ecosystems is essential for water security: Nature Based Solutions can help
- 5. 5 NBS are measures aimed at protecting, conserving, restoring, sustainably using and managing terrestrial, freshwater, natural or modified coastal and marine ecosystems that address social, economic, and environmental issues in effective and adaptive ways, while ensuring human well-being, ecosystem services, resilience, and biodiversity benefits. (IUCN definition) What are Nature Based Solutions?
- 6. 6 Protection is an intervention that prevents, or greatly limits, overexploitation of natural resources to achieve the long-term conservation of nature. National park designation, fencing, support for park guards Examples Restoration is an active or passive intervention that involves returning degraded, damaged or destroyed ecosystems to pre-disturbance state. Reforestation, grassland revegetation, riparian restoration, wetlands restoration, floodplain restoration, invasive species removal, barrier removal Management covers all natural resource management interventions beyond protection and restoration. Agricultural best management practices, ranching best management practices, forestry best management practices, fire management Creation involves the establishment, protection or management of artificial ecosystems. Artificial grasslands, created wetlands (not restored), urban green infrastructure (SUDS, bioswales, natural retention ponds) Nature based solutions types for water security and ecosystems restoration
- 7. WATER SECURITY 1 Maintain or improve water quality 2 Maintain or improve river flows and aquifer recharge 3 Reduce impact of flooding CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION 1 Reduce soil erosion 2 Soil quality improvement 3 Reduce frequency and intensity of forest fires, floodings and droughts BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION 1 Landscape diversity 2 Protect and expand natural habitat 3 Limit expansion of invasive species CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION 1 Reduce greenhouse gases emissions 2 Carbon sequestration HUMAN HEALTH AND WELL- BEING 1 Improve food security 2 Reduce exposure to polluting substances 3 Amenity value and recreational benefits JOBS AND SOCIAL COHESION 1 Create jobs particularly in rural areas 2 Promote urban-rural solidarity 7 NbS can improve water security & generate multiple co-benefits
- 8. Inspiring change Nature contributing to water security: an Investor Guide, World Water Council (with Finance Earth and TNC) NBS can attract multiple potential revenue streams
- 9. Sophie Trémolet – Water team lead ENV Directorate, OECD Sophie.tremolet@oecd.org