IoT-LPWAN LoRa Geoloc - sagemcom - m2m-innovationworld_geotrack
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Geolocation with LPWAN LoRa IoT Networks, a "Must have" Killer application. Benefits from Radio degree of Freedom brought by LoRaWAN Network, adaptive data rates, Femtocells densification - illustration of performance trends. Authors: Thierry Lestable (Ph.D), Massinissa Lalam (Ph.D) and Maxime Grau
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![This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization2
Internet of Everything (IoE) is coming…sooner than you think
By 2020:
* [30-50] Billion devices connected
* $7,1 Trillion Global Market](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
IoT-LPWAN LoRa Geoloc - sagemcom - m2m-innovationworld_geotrack
- 1. Location-Enabled LoRa™ IoT Network: “Geo-LoRa-ting” your assets T. Lestable, Ph.D Innovation & Technology Office of CTO SAGEMCOM SAS
- 2. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization2 Internet of Everything (IoE) is coming…sooner than you think By 2020: * [30-50] Billion devices connected * $7,1 Trillion Global Market
- 3. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization3 IoT/M2M, Beyond the Hype… http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/2575515 5G??
- 4. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization4 IoT early stage investments (2013) Cellular IoT $25M $115M $25M $11M
- 5. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization5 Overall IoT Market Forecast by 2025 Source: McKinsey, June 2015 True revolution is not coming from where you might think…. Industrial IoT is leading the Market ! minority
- 6. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization6 Strategic IoT Use Cases/Services (illustrations)
- 7. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization7 GeoFencing, GeoTargeting, GeoPositioning, Tracking… “Trigger geofences based on events like - entering, dwelling, or leaving a place - time of day - crossing a speed threshold - entering a city, state or country - after traveling a given distance - after a particular change in altitude ” Source: Geoloqi Smart Cities
- 8. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization8 Waste Collection for Smart Cities, By ENEVO Waste Collection optimized route Waste Container connected sensor http://www.enevo.com/ Finland Ultrasonic fill level sensor 10+ years battery life IP 66, [-40°, +85°]
- 9. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization9 Tank monitoring & Delivery Optimization, By SENET Network as a Service (NaaS) - Wireless Network roll-out (150 Rx GW) - Data Aggregation platform - Network Resource Tools http://www.senetco.com/ US Propane, Heating oil, Water, Farming coop….
- 10. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization10 Fire/CO2 Detection & Alarms, by FINSECUR 10 years battery life Up to 10 ‘DAAF’ (Detectors) interconnected Std: EN 14604 HQ Nanterre, FR http://www.finsecur.com/index.php
- 11. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization11 Emerging De-facto LRLP standards Vs ‘De-facto’ standards IOT, Multi-Vendors, Certification Source: McKinsey, June 2015 Open Standard
- 12. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization12 • LoRA™ Alliance • announced during CES 2015, in Las Vegas (January’15) • Launched during MWC 2015, in Barcelona (March’15) • http://lora-alliance.org/ IoT – Long Range Low Power (LRLP): LoRA™ Alliance +100 members!! (Sept.’15)
- 13. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization13 LoRa Alliance – Sample of Members (+100 members) Operators Sponsor Members Contributor Members AdopterMembers
- 14. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization14
- 15. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization15 LoRa™ Network Features
- 16. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization16 Sagemcom IoT Offer - overview Sagemcom Offering spreads through a set of IoT products : • Sagemcom IoT Packet Core (SPC): a modular software suite to build core network IoT solutions • Sagemcom IoT RAN (SRAN): a set of network equipments (HW/SW) to build the IoT Radio Access Network • Sagemcom IoT End-Points (SEP): a set of optimized radio modules to build IoT connected devices. SEP SRAN SPC
- 17. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization17 LoRa™ PHY Layer: Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) / IEEE 802.15.4a 𝑠 𝑡 = 𝑒 −𝑖𝜋∗𝐵𝑊∗ 𝑡− 𝑡2 𝑇𝑠 𝑇𝑠 = 2 𝑆𝐹 𝐵𝑊 𝑇𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑟𝑝 = 1 𝐵𝑊 𝑇𝑠 = 2 𝑆𝐹 ∗ 𝑇𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑟𝑝 Linear Frequency Modulation (LFM) Spreading Gain 𝛽𝜏 = 𝐵𝑊 ∗ 𝑇𝑠 = 2 𝑆𝐹 ≫ 1 LoRa™ PHY inherits its properties from RADAR technology, and its maturity in Telecom from IEEE 802.15.4a (WPAN)
- 18. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization18 LoRaWAN device classes
- 19. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization19 LoRa™: Bidirectional communications Class A: Receiver Initiated Transmission strategy (RIT) Class B: Coordinated Sampled Listening (CSL) Network may send downlink packet to node at any Rx slot Class C: Continuous Listening LoRa™ is fully bidirectionnal from early stage. Three Modes (Class A, B, C) allow to embrace Industry 4.0 strong segment of applications. Latencyconstrainedapplications PowerEfficiency
- 20. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization20 LoRA™ nodes protocols • Ultra small/low power • 10x5x5 cm, <3Watt • Multiple channels & data rates • 8 channels • Best sensitivity • -142dBm @300bps • -129dBm @6Kbps • Antenna Diversity - Variable Spreading Factors - (SF7-SF12) - Data rates - [0.3Kbps – 50Kbps] - Pseudo-random Channel Hopping - Duty-cycle limited (NO LBT) - 3 classes of Devices - Class A: Bi-directional with 2 Rx windows - Class B: Bi-directional with additional scheduled Rx slots - Class C: Continuous Rx 2 End-Device Activation Methods: - Over The Air Activation (OTAA) - Activation By Personalization (ABP) Class A
- 21. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization21 This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization21
- 22. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization22 TDOA Basics 𝑇𝑂𝐴𝑖 = 𝑇𝑒 + 𝑇𝑂𝐹𝑖 𝑇𝑂𝐴𝑗 = 𝑇𝑒 + 𝑇𝑂𝐹𝑗 Δ𝑇𝑂𝐴𝑖𝑗 = 𝑇𝑂𝐴𝑖 − 𝑇𝑂𝐴𝑗 = 𝑇𝑂𝐹𝑖 − 𝑇𝑂𝐹𝑗 𝑇𝑒 is not needed no need to synchronize EndPoint with BS Hyperbolic Geolocation Δ𝑇𝑂𝐴𝑖𝑗 = 𝑑 𝑖 𝑐 − 𝑑 𝑗 𝑐 = 1 𝑐 𝑑 𝑖−𝑑 𝑗 LOS assumed 𝑑𝑖 𝑇𝑒 𝑇𝑂𝐴𝑖 𝑥 𝑦 𝑥𝑖 𝑦𝑖 𝑑𝑖 − 𝑑𝑗 = 𝛿𝑖𝑗 = 𝑐Δ𝑇𝑂𝐴𝑖𝑗 𝑑𝑖 = 𝑑𝑗 + 𝛿𝑖𝑗 𝑑2 𝑖 = 𝑑2 𝑗 + 𝛿2 𝑖𝑗 + 2𝑑𝑗 𝛿𝑖𝑗 𝑑2 𝑖 = 𝑥 − 𝑥𝑖 2 + 𝑦 − 𝑦𝑖 2 constant −2𝑥 𝑥𝑖 − 𝑥1 − 2𝑦 𝑦𝑖 − 𝑦1 − 2𝑑1 𝛿𝑖1 𝑥 𝑦 𝑑1 = 𝑋Linear w.r.t 𝐴 ∗ 𝑋 = Δ Known Constant Source: Semtech
- 23. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization23 LPWAN Killing application = Geo-Location whilst saving battery! TDOA RSS DRSS Data Fusion & hybrid solutions are natural solutions thanks to flat IP architecture Geo-Location is a « MUST HAVE » for many industrial 4.0 applications, and thus KEY Differentiator amongst IoT Systems.
- 24. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization24 Geolocation – Macro BS/GW Roll-out - illustration No Geolocation Outdoor Geolocation available and only few indoor available GPS Macro BS/GW
- 25. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization25 Geolocation – Densify Macro BS/GW - illustration GeoLocation not guaranteed in deep indoor Data rate optimized (battery saving) devices anywhere GPS Macro BS/GW Deep indoor
- 26. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization26 Cellular IoT Roll-out Layout – Evaluation Methodology Hexagonal Layout LoRa Parameters Carrier frequency 𝐹𝑐 = 868MHz Bandwidth BW = 125kHz Spreading factor 7 Layout and Drop Parameters Inter-Site Distance ISD = 1732m GW Drop location Fixed (42 sites, hexagonal layout) Antenna gain 𝐺GW = 3dBi (omnidirectional) Antenna height 𝐻GW = 32m Transmit power 𝑃GW Max = 21dBm Noise figure NFGW = 7dB EP Drop location Random (5000 EPs outdoor) Antenna gain 𝐺GW = 0dBi (omnidirectional) Antenna height 𝐻EP = 1.5m Transmit power 𝑃EP Max = 14dBm Noise figure NFEP = 7dB Propagation Parameters Pathloss Model Friis (𝛼 = 3) Shadowing Standard deviation 𝜎S𝐻 = 8dB Fast Fading None LoS, no multipath (delay) Localization Number of transmission per EP 10
- 27. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization27 Geolocation Algorithms Framework – DTOA behaviour LoRa™ Networks greatly benefit from: - Multiple Rx BS/GW (act as Sensor NW for UL packets) - Centralized Data Fusion Architecture DTOA Rx Macro BS/GW Other Key LoRa™ Wireless degrees of Freedom will bring improvements
- 28. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization28 TDOA (Weighted Least Square) – influence of SF SF7 SF9 SF12 SF12 SF7 IncreasedSFincreasedcoveragehigherNbofRxGWs To get full benefits from LoRa™ degrees of freedom (ADR, TxPr, densification,…), joint Optimization is required …designing RRM
- 29. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization29 IoT Network Management & planning – Preliminary Guidelines DTOA DTOA ISD (m)SF 50% - SF Gain 30% - Algorithm gain Network Densification Increasing the Spreading Factor (SF) greatly benefits GeoLocation Densifying the Network also benefits GeoLocation ISD = 1732 m Thanks to its dynamic & adaptive features, LoRa™ enables Optimized Network Roll-out & Management, with Multiple SLA Objectives Macro only
- 30. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization30 Sagemcom - Femto LoRa™ integration • An easy way to increase the densification to : • Connect additionnal objects • Connect inhome appliances • Enhance the accuracy • LoRa in the Home residential GWY : • Plugging a module on existing Home residential Gateway via existing USB interface. • LoRa capabilities managed from LoRa servers : • Low software impact inside the Home residential gateway itself (mainly driver of the Module and passthrough interface to the Lora Server) Home residential Gateway Femto LoRa
- 31. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization31 Indoor Femtocells Roll-out Layout – Evaluation Methodology LoRa Parameters Carrier frequency 𝐹𝑐 = 868MHz Bandwidth BW = 125kHz Spreading factor Génie (=7) Layout and Drop Parameters Inter-Site Distance ISD = 1732m GW Drop location Fixed (19 sites, hexagonal layout) Antenna gain 𝐺GW = 3dBi (omnidirectional) Antenna height 𝐻GW = 35m Transmit power 𝑃GW Max = 21dBm Noise figure NFGW = 7dB EP Drop location Random (1000 EPs outdoor) Antenna gain 𝐺GW = 0dBi (omnidirectional) Antenna height 𝐻EP = 1.5m Transmit power 𝑃EP Max = 14dBm Noise figure NFEP = 7dB Propagation Parameters Pathloss Model 3GPP TR36,942 v12,0 Shadowing Standard deviation 𝜎SF = 8dB Inter-correlation 0 Fast Fading COST207 Rural Area LoS/NLoS, multipath (max delay 0.5µs) Localization Number of transmission per EP 1 HetNet – Femto Layout, Density 0.5/km2
- 32. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization32 With Box/Femto LoRa™: 100% data coverage & enhanced GeoLoc Severe access devices regain connectivity & Geolocation improved GeoLocation not always guaranteed indoor GPS Data Fusion Femto (D)RSS
- 33. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization33 Joint/Hybrid GeoLocation Performance – Femto RSS Fusion with Macro DTOA Macro only Macro + Femtos Gain ISD = 1732 m Even if not synchronized, Femtos benefit greatly Geolocation thanks Fusion of their RSS with Macro DTOA
- 34. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization34 Influence of Femtos Density onto Joint/Hybrid GeoLocation Performance – RSS Fusion Femtos benefit Geolocation thanks to Data Fusion (RSS and DTOA) ISD = 1732 m
- 35. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization35 With Box/Femto LoRa™ + sync option: 100% data + GeoLocation coverage Localisation and data services available everywhere indoor GPS Data Fusion Femto DTOA
- 36. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization36 Joint/Hybrid GeoLocation Performance – Femto DTOA (sync) Fusion with Macro DTOA When synchronized, Femtos’ benefit on Geolocation is outstanding thanks to Fusion of their timestamps (TOA) with Macro TOAs, through DTOA approach ISD = 1732 m
- 37. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization37 Reliability @90%: Influence of Femtos roll-out, thanks to Hyrid/Fusion of RSS/TOA Macro only Data Fusion Gain Time stamps + RSS Data Fusion Femtos ISD = 1732 m Flexibility of IoT LoRa™ Network allows to tailor & adapt both roll- out strategies & dynamic performance to meet SLA & QoS Criteria, thus delivering true LPWAN Experience
- 38. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization38 This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization38
- 39. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization39 IoT GeoLocation assessment Criteria & trade-offs There is a strong NEED for flexibility to deal with variability & Randomness of Wireless Environment ! This will make the difference on SLA & TCO !
- 40. This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization40 LPWAN IoT Systems – Now & Tomorrow LPWAN are changing already the rules of competition by proposing new disruptive business models, thanks to tailored technology, well dimensionned from the beginning with the true fondamental and simple primary needs from major industrial IoT: - (Very) Low Power - (Very) Long Range - (Very) Low Cost (TCO) This allows new actors to join the Connected Economy, by adopting available & affordable wireless technology, with simple & fast roll-out. Simplifying IoT roll-out will massively benefit value extraction from data, and its monetization. Innovative & disruptive business is emerging from ISM bands technologies (e.g. WiFi, RFID, SRD, and now IoT), Regulators should bear that in mind, whilst LTE-U/LAA is crossing the line…
- 41. Thanks… Any Question? Special Thanks to: - Massinissa Lalam, Ph.D - Maxime Grau