This document analyzes the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete flat slab buildings with and without shear walls using response spectrum analysis and equivalent static force method. Five models of a 7-story building are considered: a bare frame with flat slab, exterior shear wall, L-shaped shear wall, rectangular shear wall, and lift core shear wall. Results for base shear, story drift, displacement, and acceleration are obtained and compared using ETABS software for zone 5 seismicity. The analysis finds that shear walls improve seismic performance by resisting lateral loads and limiting structural deformation and damage.
From force-based to displacement-based seismic design. What comes next?
This document discusses the evolution of seismic design approaches from force-based to displacement-based methods. Early force-based designs aimed to resist lateral forces estimated as fractions of weight but were later found to underestimate earthquake forces. Displacement-based design was developed to directly assess structural displacements rather than indirectly through forces. The document outlines the key concepts and procedures of displacement-based design in codes like Eurocode 8 and Model Code 2010, including using secant stiffness, estimating member deformations, and checking deformation capacities. It also presents new models developed from extensive testing for more accurately analyzing member stiffness, deformation demands, and deformation capacities.
Performance Based Evaluation of Shear Walled RCC Building by Pushover Analysis
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
Pushover analysis has been in the academic-research arena for quite long. The papers published in this field usually deals mostly with proposed improvements to the approach, expecting the reader to know the basics of the topic... while the common structural design practitioner, not knowing the basics, is left out from participating in those discussions. Here I’m making an effort to bridge that gap by explaining the Pushover analysis, from basics, in its simplicity.
A write up on this topic can be found at http://rahulleslie.blogspot.in/p/blog-page.html, though does not cover the full spectrum presented in this slide show.
PERFORMANCE BASED ANALYSIS OF VERTICALLY IRREGULAR STRUCTURE UNDER VARIOUS SE...
In the recent years a lot of attention has been given to the earthquake analysis of structure it is one of the most devastating
natural calamity and which causes severe damage not only to the properties but also to the lives. This is the
reason there has been a lot of focus on the structures to be earthquake resistant. Buildings get damaged mostly due
to the earthquake ground motions. In an earthquake, the building base experiences high frequency movements, which
results in the inertial force on the building and its components and this problem gets worse when a structure is irregular
in shape, size etc,. Therefore, there is a lot to work on the seismic behavior of the irregular building which might not
respond the way regular building does. It makes the irregular building quite more complex and unpredictable during
the course of an earthquake.
Variation of deflection of steel high rise structure due to p- delta effect c...
This document summarizes the results of a study that analyzed the effect of P-Delta on the deflection of steel high-rise structures considering global slenderness ratio. 40 different structural models were simulated with varying numbers of stories (7, 14, 20, 30) and bay dimensions to modify the slenderness. Both P-Delta analysis and linear static analysis were performed, and deflections were compared. P-Delta analysis resulted in significantly higher deflections than linear static analysis, especially as slenderness increased with taller buildings and smaller bays. Deflections at the top of each structure and for individual stories were evaluated. Results showed increasing deflections with P-Delta analysis as slenderness rose due to building height or
IRJET- Progressive Collapse of RCC Structure Due to Earthquake and Wind Load
This document analyzes the progressive collapse of reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings due to earthquakes and wind loads. A 3x3 bay RC frame building model was created in ETABS software and column removal analyses were conducted according to GSA guidelines. Three columns were removed individually - a corner column, exterior column, and interior column. Both linear and nonlinear static analyses were performed, and demand-to-capacity ratios (DCRs) were calculated. Results showed that beams were most vulnerable to failure in flexure. Interior column removal led to the highest DCRs and forces, indicating interior columns are most critical to progressive collapse resistance.
Descriptive study of pushover analysis in rcc structures of rigid jointYousuf Dinar
ABSTRACT: Structures in mega cities, are under serious threat because of faulty and unskilled design and construction of structures. Sometimes structure designers are more concerned in constructing different load resistant members without knowing its necessity and its performance in the structure. Different configuration of construction may also lead to significant variation in capacity of the same structure. Nonlinear static pushover analysis provides a better view on the performance of the structures during seismic events. This comprehensive research evaluates as well as compares the performances of bare, different infill percentage level, different configuration of soft storey and Shear wall consisting building structures with each other and later depending upon the findings, suggests from which level of performance shear wall should be preferred over the infill structure and will eventually help engineers to decide where generally the soft storey could be constructed in the structures. Above all a better of effects of pushover analysis could be summarized from the findings. Masonry walls are represented by equivalent strut according to pushover concerned codes. For different loading conditions, the performances of structures are evaluated with the help of performance point, base shear, top displacement, storey drift and stages of number of hinges form.
Non Linear Analysis of RCC Building with and Without Shear WallIRJET Journal
This document discusses performing non-linear static (pushover) analysis on reinforced concrete (RC) buildings both with and without shear walls. The analysis is conducted using ETABS software to obtain pushover curves and compare the displacement and base shear in the frames. The objectives are to analyze RC structures with or without shear walls, perform linear and non-linear analysis, and study how parameters like story drift, displacement, and forces are affected by the presence of shear walls. The methodology describes performing linear static analysis, dynamic analysis, and non-linear static pushover analysis on the structures.
IRJET- Effect of Vertical Irregularities in R.C Frame Structures on Accuracy ...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the effects of vertical irregularities in reinforced concrete frame structures on the accuracy of nonlinear static pushover analysis. It presents the results of nonlinear static pushover analysis and nonlinear time history analysis on 15 vertically irregular frame models with varying heights and types of irregularities. The models are analyzed using the SAP2000 software. The results show that pushover analysis reasonably estimates the seismic demands of vertically irregular buildings when compared to time history analysis, and the pushover results have good correlation with selected ground motion records.
This document discusses the evolution of seismic design approaches from force-based to displacement-based methods. Early force-based designs aimed to resist lateral forces estimated as fractions of weight but were later found to underestimate earthquake forces. Displacement-based design was developed to directly assess structural displacements rather than indirectly through forces. The document outlines the key concepts and procedures of displacement-based design in codes like Eurocode 8 and Model Code 2010, including using secant stiffness, estimating member deformations, and checking deformation capacities. It also presents new models developed from extensive testing for more accurately analyzing member stiffness, deformation demands, and deformation capacities.
Performance Based Evaluation of Shear Walled RCC Building by Pushover AnalysisIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
The Pushover Analysis from basics - Rahul LeslieRahul Leslie
Pushover analysis has been in the academic-research arena for quite long. The papers published in this field usually deals mostly with proposed improvements to the approach, expecting the reader to know the basics of the topic... while the common structural design practitioner, not knowing the basics, is left out from participating in those discussions. Here I’m making an effort to bridge that gap by explaining the Pushover analysis, from basics, in its simplicity.
A write up on this topic can be found at http://rahulleslie.blogspot.in/p/blog-page.html, though does not cover the full spectrum presented in this slide show.
PERFORMANCE BASED ANALYSIS OF VERTICALLY IRREGULAR STRUCTURE UNDER VARIOUS SE...Ijripublishers Ijri
In the recent years a lot of attention has been given to the earthquake analysis of structure it is one of the most devastating
natural calamity and which causes severe damage not only to the properties but also to the lives. This is the
reason there has been a lot of focus on the structures to be earthquake resistant. Buildings get damaged mostly due
to the earthquake ground motions. In an earthquake, the building base experiences high frequency movements, which
results in the inertial force on the building and its components and this problem gets worse when a structure is irregular
in shape, size etc,. Therefore, there is a lot to work on the seismic behavior of the irregular building which might not
respond the way regular building does. It makes the irregular building quite more complex and unpredictable during
the course of an earthquake.
Variation of deflection of steel high rise structure due to p- delta effect c...Yousuf Dinar
This document summarizes the results of a study that analyzed the effect of P-Delta on the deflection of steel high-rise structures considering global slenderness ratio. 40 different structural models were simulated with varying numbers of stories (7, 14, 20, 30) and bay dimensions to modify the slenderness. Both P-Delta analysis and linear static analysis were performed, and deflections were compared. P-Delta analysis resulted in significantly higher deflections than linear static analysis, especially as slenderness increased with taller buildings and smaller bays. Deflections at the top of each structure and for individual stories were evaluated. Results showed increasing deflections with P-Delta analysis as slenderness rose due to building height or
IRJET- Progressive Collapse of RCC Structure Due to Earthquake and Wind LoadIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the progressive collapse of reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings due to earthquakes and wind loads. A 3x3 bay RC frame building model was created in ETABS software and column removal analyses were conducted according to GSA guidelines. Three columns were removed individually - a corner column, exterior column, and interior column. Both linear and nonlinear static analyses were performed, and demand-to-capacity ratios (DCRs) were calculated. Results showed that beams were most vulnerable to failure in flexure. Interior column removal led to the highest DCRs and forces, indicating interior columns are most critical to progressive collapse resistance.
Study of seismic analysis and design of multi storey symmetrical and asymmetr...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the seismic analysis and design of symmetric and asymmetric multi-story buildings. Finite element software was used to model and analyze G+15 story reinforced concrete buildings with regular and irregular configurations subjected to response spectrum analysis and time history analysis. Results found that irregular buildings experienced higher displacements, drifts, and forces compared to regular structures. Specifically, structures with mass or stiffness irregularities performed poorer under seismic loads. A comparison of response spectrum and time history analyses found that time history analysis more accurately predicted structural response. The study concluded that structural configuration significantly impacts seismic response and irregular structures are more vulnerable during earthquakes.
Non-Linear Static (Pushover) Analysis of Irregular Building SystemsIRJET Journal
This document discusses the non-linear static (pushover) analysis of irregular building systems. It presents 6 building models of 13-story reinforced concrete buildings with different configurations of masonry infill walls and concrete shear walls to study their seismic performance. Non-linear static pushover analysis is performed using ETABS software to obtain the capacity curves and evaluate the performance of each model under seismic loading. The results show that the inclusion of masonry infill walls and concrete shear walls affects the seismic response of the irregular buildings, and that some configurations perform better than others.
IRJET- Seismic Evolution of Soft Storeyed Structures When Exposed to Earth Qu...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on strengthening soft-story buildings to improve their seismic performance. Soft-story buildings, which have open or weaker first floors, perform poorly in earthquakes. The study models an 8-story reinforced concrete building under different structural configurations, including bare frame, infill masonry walls, shear walls, and bracing systems. Nonlinear static pushover analysis is used to evaluate the capacity and seismic response of each model. The results show that including infill walls, shear walls or bracing systems increases the building's lateral stiffness and decreases its fundamental natural period compared to the bare frame model. Strengthening the ground floor improves the seismic resistance of soft-story buildings.
Earthquake Analysis of Multi-Storied Buildings with Floating ColumnsIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzes the earthquake performance of multi-story buildings with floating columns. It begins by defining floating columns as columns that do not extend to the ground and instead transfer their load to beams. It then describes how 6 mathematical models of reinforced concrete framed structures with and without floating columns were created in ETABS software and subjected to equivalent linear static and linear dynamic (response spectrum) analysis. The key parameters analyzed include fundamental natural period, mode shapes, storey displacements, drifts, and base shear. The findings indicate that buildings with floating columns may be more vulnerable to earthquake loads compared to conventional structures due to discontinuities in the load path.
This document discusses static pushover analysis for seismic design performance assessment. It describes how to construct a pushover curve by defining a structural model and loads, and performing an analysis while controlling displacements. Two main methods are presented for using the pushover curve: the Capacity Spectrum Method (ATC-40) which constructs a capacity spectrum and determines a performance point, and the Displacement Coefficient Method (FEMA 273) which estimates a target displacement. The document also provides examples of modeling elements and their force-deformation properties for the pushover analysis.
Modelling and Analysis of Pile FoundationIRJET Journal
This document discusses the modeling and analysis of pile foundations for a 10-storey reinforced concrete building. It describes modeling the building in ETABS software and performing equivalent static analysis and response spectrum analysis as per Indian codes. Key parameters of the building model are provided. Analysis results like fundamental time period, storey displacements, drifts, and base shear are obtained. The pile foundation is then modeled in SAFE software using the loadings from the building analysis. Piles and pile caps are designed according to Indian codes, with depth, punching shear, steel requirements, and vertical displacements checked against code limits. The document concludes the pile foundation provides an optimum foundation solution for the given soil conditions.
IRJET- Pushover Analysis on Reinforced Concrete Building using ETABSIRJET Journal
This document presents the results of a pushover analysis conducted on a 10-story reinforced concrete building modelled in ETABS to investigate the impact of using cracked versus uncracked section properties. Three cases were analyzed using different moment of inertia values to represent uncracked (1.0), partially cracked (0.7) and fully cracked (0.35) sections. The pushover curves showed that using cracked section properties resulted in lower base shear and displacement capacity compared to the uncracked model. The cracked section models more accurately represent the actual response and capacity of existing buildings that have developed cracks due to service loads. Accounting for cracked section properties is important for performance-based design.
Incremental Dynamic Analysis of RC FramesIRJET Journal
This document presents an incremental dynamic analysis of reinforced concrete buildings with 7 and 11 stories. IDA involves applying earthquake ground motions of increasing intensity to structural models until collapse. The 7-story building was found to yield at 0.29g and collapse at 0.37g, while the 11-story building yielded at 0.61g and collapsed at 0.73g. The analysis was conducted using SeismoStruct to model the buildings and evaluate response parameters like interstory drift ratio and base shear.
IRJET- Comparative Study of Effect of Different Positions of Shear Wall o...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative study analyzing the effect of different positions of shear walls on transfer girders in 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30-story reinforced concrete buildings with floating columns on the exterior frames. The buildings were analyzed using wind analysis, conventional analysis, and construction stage analysis in ETABS. Results like bending moments and displacements of the transfer girders were compared for models with shear walls at the core, corners, periphery, and without shear walls. The study found that shear walls at different positions reduced structural responses of the transfer girders, with core walls performing best for lower stories and corner walls for mid-height buildings. Conventional analysis generally provided the critical results adopted for design.
A comparative study of static and response spectrum analysis of a rc buildingTameem Samdanee
This presentation compares the results of static and response spectrum analysis of a 6-story reinforced concrete building. A 3D model of the building was created in ETABS and both static and dynamic analysis were performed. The natural periods and mode shapes were determined from the dynamic analysis. Storey displacements, drifts, and member forces from both analyses were compared. The dynamic analysis produced significantly higher results than the static analysis for storey displacements, drifts, shear forces, and bending moments. Specifically, dynamic displacements were over 2.5 times higher and bending moments were around 2 times higher than the static analysis results.
Seismic Evolution of Soft Storeyed Buildings when Subjected to Real Time Eart...IRJET Journal
This document discusses seismic evaluation of soft-storey buildings and methods to strengthen them. It begins with an abstract stating that buildings are often designed without considering the structural effects of masonry infill walls. During earthquakes, buildings with open ground floors (soft-storeys) perform poorly as the ground floor columns cannot provide adequate shear resistance. The document then evaluates 8 building models with different lateral load resisting systems - bare frame, masonry infill, shear walls, bracing - using linear static, linear dynamic and nonlinear static (pushover) analysis methods. It provides the design data, load calculations, time period calculations, and equivalent static analysis as per Indian codes for the models. Distribution of lateral forces is also shown
IRJET- Seismic Analysis of Plan Regular and Irregular BuildingsIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the seismic performance of regular and irregular 15-story reinforced concrete buildings using ETABS 2015 software. Two irregular buildings (Models 2 and 3) and one regular building (Model 1) are modeled and analyzed. Both equivalent static analysis and response spectrum analysis are conducted. The results show that story displacement is highest for the irregular Models 3 and 2 compared to the regular Model 1. Base shear is highest for the regular Model 1 building compared to the irregular models. In conclusion, plan irregularity increases story displacement, while decreasing base shear compared to a regular building.
Performance Based Evaluation of Conventional RC Framed Structure Compared wit...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the seismic performance of an 11-story conventional reinforced concrete (RC) framed structure compared to a flat slab structure. Both linear and nonlinear analysis methods are used to evaluate the structures' performance under seismic loads. The natural period, base shear, story stiffness, and story displacement are calculated and compared for RC and flat slab models with and without shear walls. The results show that the flat slab structure generally has a higher natural period, base shear, and story displacement but lower story stiffness compared to the RC structure. Shear walls are found to significantly increase the stiffness and seismic performance of both structural types.
IRJET- Comparative Analysis of Seismic Behavior of Flat Slab and Conventional...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative analysis of the seismic behavior of flat slab and conventional reinforced concrete framed structures. It discusses how flat slab structures, which do not have beams but instead have columns that directly support the slab, have more flexibility under lateral loads than conventional framed structures. The document reviews past research on the seismic response of flat slab buildings and their performance compared to framed structures. It then describes the methodology used, including dynamic analysis via time history and response spectrum methods. Models of a 9-story flat slab structure and conventional framed structure were created in ETABS software and their storey displacements, storey shears, base shears, and overall seismic performances were compared. Results showed the flat slab structure experienced greater displacements, store
Seismic performance of r c buildings on sloping grounds with different types ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Structure are highly susceptible to serve damages in earthquake scenario, so choosing an appropriate lateral force resisting
bracing systems will have a significant effect on performance of the structure. So this present study is aimed at evaluating and
comparing various types of eccentric steel bracings for 12 storey RC frame building resisting on sloping ground configurations.
For this 5 types of bracing systems like X-Bracing, Diagonal bracing, K- bracing, V-bracing and inverted V bracing are
considered on the outer periphery of the buildings with step back and set back – step back type configurations are modeled and
analyzed. The models are compared for different aspects within the structure, such as the maximum storey displacement, base
shear, storey drift and storey shear, the structure is analyzed for seismic zone V and medium soil condition as per IS 1893:2002
using ETABS software. Results conclude that on sloping ground due to irregularity on ground surface, the structures are more
vulnerable to earthquakes. Hence use of eccentric steel bracing is an effective and economical way to resist earthquake forces,
Inverted V type bracing performs well compared to other bracing types. By using inverted V type bracing in step back buildings
types maximum storey displacement of 70% and storey drift of 66% are obtained. Similarly for setback – step back configuration
maximum storey displacement of 74% and storey drift of 70% are obtained respectively.
Keywords: X-Bracing, Diagonal Bracing, K- Bracing, V-Bracing and Inverted V Bracing
Seismic Response of Multi storey Flat Slab Building with and without Shear WallIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research study that analyzed the seismic response of a 20-story flat slab building (G+19) with and without shear walls through dynamic time history analysis using ETABS software. Four models were analyzed: 1) a flat slab building without shear walls, 2) a flat slab building with a shear wall in the building core, 3) a flat slab building with shear walls at the building corners, and 4) a flat slab building with shear walls at the side centers of the perimeter boundary. The study found that the addition of shear walls improved the building's lateral resistance and reduced displacements and drifts compared to the flat slab building without shear walls. The most effective configuration was the flat slab building with a
IRJET- A Review on Seismic Analysis and Sustainability of Multi Storey Struct...IRJET Journal
This document reviews seismic analysis of multi-storey structures with and without floating columns. Floating columns do not extend fully to the foundation and instead rest on beams, creating discontinuities in the load transfer path. Several studies are summarized that analyze structural response parameters like storey drift, displacement, and base shear for buildings with and without floating columns using software like SAP2000, STAAD, and ETABS. In general, buildings with floating columns experience greater displacements and are more susceptible to damage during earthquakes compared to comparable buildings without floating columns. Retrofitting techniques like adding shear walls can improve seismic performance by increasing stiffness, strength, and ductility.
Effects of Providing Shear wall and Bracing to Seismic Performance of Concret...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the effects of providing shear walls and bracing on the seismic performance of concrete buildings through pushover analysis. Three models are considered: ordinary moment resisting frame (OMRF) without lateral resistance, braced moment resisting frame (BMRF) with bracing, and wall moment resisting frame (WMRF) with shear walls.
Pushover analysis is performed on the models using software to obtain base shear, storey displacement, and performance point. Results show that providing shear walls and bracing increases base shear at the performance point, reduces storey displacement and drift, and achieves a higher performance state. Global stiffness is also increased. Plastic hinges form more uniformly across storeys in braced and
IRJET- Design of Earthquake Resistant Structure of Multi-Story RCC BuildingIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design of an earthquake resistant 21-story reinforced concrete building in Lucknow, India, which is in seismic zone III. The building was designed using ETABS software according to Indian codes for seismic design. Key aspects of the design included analyzing lateral loads from earthquakes and wind, checking for drift forces, displacements, stiffness, and redundancy. The building structure incorporates shear walls, moment frames, and braced frames to resist lateral loads.
IRJET- Seismic Analysis and Design of Regular and Irregular Framed Commer...IRJET Journal
This document discusses seismic analysis and design of regular and irregular commercial buildings. It analyzes 6-story buildings in seismic zone V using ETABS software. Response spectrum analysis is performed on regular, L-shaped, and T-shaped building models having the same area. Parameters like story shear, displacement, and drift are compared. The objectives are to study behavior differences between regular and irregular structures, analyze parameter variations under different seismic intensities, and identify the best building configuration. Analysis methods like equivalent static, nonlinear static, response spectrum, and time history are described. Modeling is done in ETABS and results are verified with manual calculations.
IRJET- Seismic Analysis of a RC Multi Storey Building with and without Floati...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the seismic analysis of reinforced concrete multi-story buildings with and without floating columns. Floating columns are columns that are supported by beams instead of extending fully to the foundation. The study models a 10-story building in different configurations using finite element software to analyze seismic performance parameters like story displacement, drift, base shear, and forces for buildings with floating columns at various locations compared to a building without floating columns. The goal is to evaluate how floating columns affect seismic response and identify any resulting irregularities. Seven building models are analyzed for two seismic zones, with floating columns positioned at interior corners, alternating longer spans, and alternating shorter spans at the ground and first floors.
Performing Pushover Analysis on High Rise Building With and Without Shear WallIRJET Journal
This document discusses performing pushover analysis on a high rise building model with and without shear walls. It describes modeling a 15-story building in ETABS and analyzing it using pushover analysis. Four models are considered: a bare frame, shear walls at the center, shear walls at the exterior, and shear walls at the corners. Pushover analysis is conducted in both X and Y directions to determine storey forces, displacements, stiffness, and the base shear-displacement curve for each model. Results are presented in tables and graphs to compare the performance of each structural configuration under seismic loading.
IRJET- A Study of Various Structural Framing Systems Subjected to Seismic LoadsIRJET Journal
This document summarizes previous research on analyzing the seismic behavior of different structural framing systems. Studies have compared the performance of Ordinary Moment Resisting Frames (OMRF) and Special Moment Resisting Frames (SMRF) in various seismic zones. The current study aims to compare the behavior of OMRF and SMRF structures in zones 3, 4, and 5 under seismic loads. It also examines using lightweight materials like siporex in zone 5 to improve seismic performance.
Influence of Openings and Local Soil Conditions on the Seismic Behavior of Tu...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes the seismic behavior of tunnel form buildings using response spectrum analysis. Tunnel form buildings are reinforced concrete structures with relatively thin shear walls and flat slabs instead of beams and columns. The study models a 6-story RC wall building to analyze the effects of openings (0%, 6%, 22%, 50%) and soil conditions (bearing capacities of 50, 100, 200, 250) on seismic performance parameters like time period, displacement, drift, and base shear. Response spectrum analysis is performed using ETABS software according to Indian codes. Results show that RC wall buildings have significantly reduced time periods and displacements compared to equivalent RC frame buildings, indicating improved seismic performance.
Dynamic Response of High Rise Structures Under The Influence of Shear WallsIJERA Editor
This study presents the procedure for seismic performance estimation of high-rise buildings based on a concept of the capacity spectrum method. In 3D analytical model of thirty storied buildings have been generated for symmetric buildings Models and analyzed using structural analysis tool ETABS. The analytical model of the building includes all important components that influence the mass, strength, stiffness and deformability of the structure. To study the effect of concrete core wall & shear wall at different positions during earthquake, seismic analysis using both linear static, linear dynamic and non-linear static procedure has been performed. The deflections at each storey level has been compared by performing Equivalent static, response spectrum method as well as pushover method has also been performed to determine capacity, demand and performance level of the considered building models. From the below studies it has been observed that non-linear pushover analysis provide good estimate of global as well as local inelastic deformation demands and also reveals design weakness that may remain hidden in an elastic analysis and also the performance level of the structure. Storey drifts are found within the limit as specified by code (IS: 1893-2002) in Equivalent static, linear dynamic & non-linear static analysis.
Investigation on performance based non linear pushover analysis of flat plate...Yousuf Dinar
This document summarizes an investigation into the performance of flat plate reinforced concrete buildings under nonlinear pushover analysis. The study evaluates bare frame structures with different percentages of masonry infill, as well as structures with soft stories or shear walls. Pushover analysis was performed on a 7-story model building to determine base shear, displacement, story drift, and hinge formation at different performance levels. Results show that infill and shear walls improve seismic performance by reducing displacement, and that placing soft stories higher in the structure increases strength and stability. Shear walls performed best and controlled hinge formation, indicating more uniform response.
IRJET- Effect of Bracing and Unbracing in Steel Stuctures by using ETabsIRJET Journal
The document analyzes the effect of bracing and unbracing in steel structures using ETABS software. It models a 10-story steel frame with different bracing configurations, including X-bracing, V-bracing, and diagonal bracing. It finds that the steel frame with X-bracing shows the maximum stiffness and lowest drift compared to frames with other bracing types. The document also examines displacement, base shear, time period, and story drift for each bracing configuration and the unbraced frame. It concludes that braced frames have reduced displacement and time period compared to the unbraced frame. X-bracing and inverted V-bracing are the most effective at resisting displacement.
Seismic Performance and Shear Wall Location Assessment of a RC Building- Eva...IRJET Journal
1. The document evaluates the seismic performance of reinforced concrete buildings located on plain and sloping ground.
2. Non-linear static pushover analysis is conducted using SAP 2000 on a G+10 building model located on plain and sloping ground.
3. Results of the pushover analysis such as base shear, story displacement, story drift and story shear are compared between the plain and sloping ground models.
“Analysis of a Multistorey Building with Grid slab in Different Seismic Zones...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzes a multi-story building with a grid slab structural system in different seismic zones using ETABS software. The paper models a 9-story building with a grid slab floor system and analyzes it for seismic loading based on response spectrum analysis according to Indian codes. The analysis is conducted for seismic zones 2 through 5 to evaluate parameters like story drift, displacements, story shear, and auto lateral loads. The results show that displacement and story drift increase with higher seismic zones, and zone 5 produces the highest base shear, displacements, and steel quantity. The paper aims to understand how different seismic zones impact the performance of a building with a grid slab structural system.
Seismic Response of RC Framed Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irregularit...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research study on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without masonry infill walls. The study used finite element software to model and analyze a 9-story RC building in a high seismic zone considering different structural configurations. Results from equivalent static, response spectrum, and pushover analyses were compared in terms of base shear, lateral displacement, story drift, and performance point. It was found that lateral displacement and story drift were higher for bare frames compared to infilled frames, while base shear was lower for bare frames. Irregular buildings also experienced higher displacement and drift than regular buildings. The goal of the study was to better understand how different structural
Similar to IRJET- Seismic Behavior of RC Flat Slab with and without Shear Wall Technique by using Response Spectrum Analysis (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Online music portal management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The iMMS is a unique application that is synchronizing both user
experience and copyrights while providing services like online music
management, legal downloads, artists’ management. There are several
other applications available in the market that either provides some
specific services or large scale integrated solutions. Our product differs
from the rest in a way that we give more power to the users remaining
within the copyrights circle.
Natural Is The Best: Model-Agnostic Code Simplification for Pre-trained Large...YanKing2
Pre-trained Large Language Models (LLM) have achieved remarkable successes in several domains. However, code-oriented LLMs are often heavy in computational complexity, and quadratically with the length of the input code sequence. Toward simplifying the input program of an LLM, the state-of-the-art approach has the strategies to filter the input code tokens based on the attention scores given by the LLM. The decision to simplify the input program should not rely on the attention patterns of an LLM, as these patterns are influenced by both the model architecture and the pre-training dataset. Since the model and dataset are part of the solution domain, not the problem domain where the input program belongs, the outcome may differ when the model is trained on a different dataset. We propose SlimCode, a model-agnostic code simplification solution for LLMs that depends on the nature of input code tokens. As an empirical study on the LLMs including CodeBERT, CodeT5, and GPT-4 for two main tasks: code search and summarization. We reported that 1) the reduction ratio of code has a linear-like relation with the saving ratio on training time, 2) the impact of categorized tokens on code simplification can vary significantly, 3) the impact of categorized tokens on code simplification is task-specific but model-agnostic, and 4) the above findings hold for the paradigm–prompt engineering and interactive in-context learning and this study can save reduce the cost of invoking GPT-4 by 24%per API query. Importantly, SlimCode simplifies the input code with its greedy strategy and can obtain at most 133 times faster than the state-of-the-art technique with a significant improvement. This paper calls for a new direction on code-based, model-agnostic code simplification solutions to further empower LLMs.
Profiling of Cafe Business in Talavera, Nueva Ecija: A Basis for Development ...IJAEMSJORNAL
This study aimed to profile the coffee shops in Talavera, Nueva Ecija, to develop a standardized checklist for aspiring entrepreneurs. The researchers surveyed 10 coffee shop owners in the municipality of Talavera. Through surveys, the researchers delved into the Owner's Demographic, Business details, Financial Requirements, and other requirements needed to consider starting up a coffee shop. Furthermore, through accurate analysis, the data obtained from the coffee shop owners are arranged to derive key insights. By analyzing this data, the study identifies best practices associated with start-up coffee shops’ profitability in Talavera. These findings were translated into a standardized checklist outlining essential procedures including the lists of equipment needed, financial requirements, and the Traditional and Social Media Marketing techniques. This standardized checklist served as a valuable tool for aspiring and existing coffee shop owners in Talavera, streamlining operations, ensuring consistency, and contributing to business success.
Response & Safe AI at Summer School of AI at IIITHIIIT Hyderabad
Talk covering Guardrails , Jailbreak, What is an alignment problem? RLHF, EU AI Act, Machine & Graph unlearning, Bias, Inconsistency, Probing, Interpretability, Bias
Development of Chatbot Using AI/ML Technologiesmaisnampibarel
The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence and natural language processing have significantly transformed human-computer interactions. This thesis presents the design, development, and evaluation of an intelligent chatbot capable of engaging in natural and meaningful conversations with users. The chatbot leverages state-of-the-art deep learning techniques, including transformer-based architectures, to understand and generate human-like responses.
Key contributions of this research include the implementation of a context- aware conversational model that can maintain coherent dialogue over extended interactions. The chatbot's performance is evaluated through both automated metrics and user studies, demonstrating its effectiveness in various applications such as customer service, mental health support, and educational assistance. Additionally, ethical considerations and potential biases in chatbot responses are examined to ensure the responsible deployment of this technology.
The findings of this thesis highlight the potential of intelligent chatbots to enhance user experience and provide valuable insights for future developments in conversational AI.
Unblocking The Main Thread - Solving ANRs and Frozen FramesSinan KOZAK
In the realm of Android development, the main thread is our stage, but too often, it becomes a battleground where performance issues arise, leading to ANRS, frozen frames, and sluggish Uls. As we strive for excellence in user experience, understanding and optimizing the main thread becomes essential to prevent these common perforrmance bottlenecks. We have strategies and best practices for keeping the main thread uncluttered. We'll examine the root causes of performance issues and techniques for monitoring and improving main thread health as wel as app performance. In this talk, participants will walk away with practical knowledge on enhancing app performance by mastering the main thread. We'll share proven approaches to eliminate real-life ANRS and frozen frames to build apps that deliver butter smooth experience.
How to Manage Internal Notes in Odoo 17 POSCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to leverage internal notes within Odoo 17 POS to enhance communication and streamline operations. Internal notes provide a platform for staff to exchange crucial information regarding orders, customers, or specific tasks, all while remaining invisible to the customer. This fosters improved collaboration and ensures everyone on the team is on the same page.
A vernier caliper is a precision instrument used to measure dimensions with high accuracy. It can measure internal and external dimensions, as well as depths.
Here is a detailed description of its parts and how to use it.
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction to Project ManagementPrakhyath Rai
Introduction to Project Management: Introduction, Project and Importance of Project Management, Contract Management, Activities Covered by Software Project Management, Plans, Methods and Methodologies, some ways of categorizing Software Projects, Stakeholders, Setting Objectives, Business Case, Project Success and Failure, Management and Management Control, Project Management life cycle, Traditional versus Modern Project Management Practices.
A brand new catalog for the 2024 edition of IWISS. We have enriched our product range and have more innovations in electrician tools, plumbing tools, wire rope tools and banding tools. Let's explore together!
In May 2024, globally renowned natural diamond crafting company Shree Ramkrishna Exports Pvt. Ltd. (SRK) became the first company in the world to achieve GNFZ’s final net zero certification for existing buildings, for its two two flagship crafting facilities SRK House and SRK Empire. Initially targeting 2030 to reach net zero, SRK joined forces with the Global Network for Zero (GNFZ) to accelerate its target to 2024 — a trailblazing achievement toward emissions elimination.