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Hazardous Waste Management by Joshua Seli

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Divine Word University
Divine Word University

this presentation defines the types of hazardous waste and the effects that it has on human and the environment or the public health as a whole and how to manage it.

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HARZADOUS WASTE EH219 Waste Management
OUTLINE  What is Hazardous Waste  Types of Hazardous waste  Its source  It’s effect on the Public heath  How to manage Hazardous Waste  Summary
WHAT IS HAZARDOUS WASTE  Hazardous waste may be defined as any waste that is potentially harmful or dangerous to the environment or to the health of public.(EPA) A hazardous waste is any material that contains substances that are;  1) toxic  2) ignitable  3) corrosive  4) explosive.
TYPES OF HAZARDOUS WASTE The types of Hazardous waste are;  Listed waste  Characteristic waste  Universal waste  Mixed waste Specific procedures determine how waste is identified, classified, listed, and delisted.
Listed hazardous wastes are materials specifically listed by regulatory authorities(EPA) as a hazardous waste which are from non- specific sources, specific sources, or discarded chemical products.  The F-list(non specific source waste): This list of wastes includes 28 different wastes, including certain spent solvents, metal finishing wastes, dioxin- containing wastes, chemical manufacturing wastes, wood preserving wastes, petroleum manufacturing wastes, and hazardous waste landfill leachate.  The K-list(source specific waste): This list of wastes includes over 100 wastes from specific industrial processes. The specific processes are in the industries of wood preserving, petroleum refining, primary and secondary metals manufacturing, and the manufacturing of industrial chemicals, inks, pigments, pesticides, explosives, and veterinary pharmaceuticals.  The P-list & the U-list(discarded commercial chemical products). These lists include specific commercial chemical products in an unused form. Some pesticides and some pharmaceutical products become hazardous waste when discarded.  Ignitable waste:Ignitable wastes can create fires under certain conditions, are spontaneously combustible, or have a flash point less than 60 °C (140 °F). Examples include waste oils and used solvents.  Corrosive waste:Corrosive wastes are acids or bases (pH less than or equal to 2, or greater than or equal to 12.5) that are capable of corroding metal containers, such as storage tanks, drums, and barrels. Battery acid is an example.  Reactive Waste: Reactive wastes are unstable under "normal" conditions. They can cause explosions, toxic fumes, gases, or vapors when heated, compressed, or mixed with water. Examples include lithium-sulfur batteries and explosives  Toxic Waste: Toxic wastes are harmful or fatal when ingested or absorbed (e.g., containing mercury, lead, etc.). When toxic wastes are land disposed, contaminated liquid may leach from the waste and pollute ground water LISTED WASTE CHARACTERISTIC WASTE
 This waste is generated from a large variety of sources and consists of products that serve both commercial and personal use.  Two of the prime examples of universal waste are batteries and light bulbs. Used throughout society in great quantities, disposal of batteries and other forms of universal waste cannot be as closely monitored or controlled as industrial waste.  Commonly just thrown out with the trash, these wastes make their way into landfills and incinerators where their toxic components are released into the environment  Mixed waste are hazardous waste that contains both radioactive and chemically hazardous waste. UNIVERSAL WASTE MIXED WASTE
SOURCE OF HAZARDOUS WASTE 1. Industrial wastes 2. Agricultural waste 3. Household waste 4. Medical waste
EFFECTS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE ON; Is usually viewed directly as a health hazard to humans. However, pollution in this form can have a much more pronounced effect on the plants and animals of our environment. According to the EPA, "When chemicals are disposed improperly, they can have harmful effects on humans, plants, and animals  Reproductive Issues  Evolutionary-Hazardous waste also has the power to shape evolutionary changes. When species survival is threatened by pollution, the species must either adapt or become extinct.  pH Change and Oxygen Depletion  Heavy Metal and Toxic Chemical Accumulation  Species Extinction Ongoing exposure to these materials can have significant health effects on people  Long term exposure to hazardous waste can impair the immune system, the endocrine system, the reproductive system and the nervous system.  Cancer  Reproductive Health  Mental Disorders  Disabilities  Death  Deformation Environment Human
HAZARDOUS WASTE CONTROL How can we Manage Hazardous Waste? There are many way in which you can manage/control and dispose hazardous waste. According to EPA(environmental protection agency) there are 5step in which it can be managed and disposed. 1.Consider reduction at the source-The best way to eliminate hazardous wastes is not to generate them in the first place. Many industries are looking for ways to reduce the amount of hazardous chemicals they use, which in turn reduces the amount of hazardous waste they generate. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, various approaches to do this include:  Lean manufacturing  Energy recovery  Environmental Management Systems (EMS)
CONT. 2. Reuse and recycle potentially hazardous materials  Many items that can turn in to hazardous materials can be recycled or in some cases reclaimed, which is a process that recovers what is left of the usable product.  Some reclaimed products include the recovery of acetone from spent solvents and lead from metals.  Zinc can be gathered from smelting furnaces.  Used oil, hydraulic fluids, refrigerator compressors and more can be taken from cars and fridges.  Batteries can also be recycled. 3. Disposal Land disposal of hazardous waste permanently contains the waste in a landfill, waste pile, injection well or other land based disposal area. These areas fall under regulation to protect the families around them as well as to minimize the environmental impact resulting from the disposal of the hazardous waste
CONT. 4. Treatment  Wastes may be made less hazardous by physical, chemical, or biological treatment.  For example, sodium hydroxide has been used to treat acid wastes at integrated-circuit plants. Sulphuric acid wastes, if not recycled, can be treated with ammonia wastes , forming ammonium sulphate, a fertilizer.  Incineration has been used since human beings learned to control fire. It is the preferred method of handling infectious medical wastes. However, it should not be used for wastes that contain toxic heavy metals or chlorinated hydrocarbons: When burned, old painted surfaces can release lead/other bed gases into the air.  Solidification of waste involves melting them and mixing them with a binder, a substance that eventually hardens the mix into an impenetrable mass. 5. . Find out what collection facilities are available in your community or area.  Find out what collection facilities are available in your community or area.  Most local government websites can direct you to where you need to go or who you need to contact for help disposing of your hazardous waste.  Some communities have special collection facilities.  Businesses may have their own collection sites, and certain household hazardous waste sites may have special disposal requirements.  Some communities have special days set aside where they set up one location for a large collection of hazardous waste.
SIGNS & WARNING OF HAZARDOUS WASTE
CONCLUSION Well we all know that today in the world we are facing a lot of problems and issues that are rising from the result of exposures to Hazardous waste.  Identify Hazardous Waste  Four Types of Hazardous waste  Its source  It’s effect on the Public heath  How to manage Hazardous Waste Therefore as an Environment Health Officer it our duty to ensure that all Hazardous Waste are disposed separately from ordinary waste or taken to an area where it would not do any harm to the plants, animal and the public.
REFERENCES  Mr. A. Tuka, 2014, EH219-Waste Management, Lecture 1-Waste Management in PNG, Divine Word University, Madang  http://www.ehow.com/about_5379525_hazardous-waste.html  http://www.mhhe.com  www.epa.org  www.encarta.com

More Related Content

Hazardous Waste Management by Joshua Seli

  • 2. OUTLINE  What is Hazardous Waste  Types of Hazardous waste  Its source  It’s effect on the Public heath  How to manage Hazardous Waste  Summary
  • 3. WHAT IS HAZARDOUS WASTE  Hazardous waste may be defined as any waste that is potentially harmful or dangerous to the environment or to the health of public.(EPA) A hazardous waste is any material that contains substances that are;  1) toxic  2) ignitable  3) corrosive  4) explosive.
  • 4. TYPES OF HAZARDOUS WASTE The types of Hazardous waste are;  Listed waste  Characteristic waste  Universal waste  Mixed waste Specific procedures determine how waste is identified, classified, listed, and delisted.
  • 5. Listed hazardous wastes are materials specifically listed by regulatory authorities(EPA) as a hazardous waste which are from non- specific sources, specific sources, or discarded chemical products.  The F-list(non specific source waste): This list of wastes includes 28 different wastes, including certain spent solvents, metal finishing wastes, dioxin- containing wastes, chemical manufacturing wastes, wood preserving wastes, petroleum manufacturing wastes, and hazardous waste landfill leachate.  The K-list(source specific waste): This list of wastes includes over 100 wastes from specific industrial processes. The specific processes are in the industries of wood preserving, petroleum refining, primary and secondary metals manufacturing, and the manufacturing of industrial chemicals, inks, pigments, pesticides, explosives, and veterinary pharmaceuticals.  The P-list & the U-list(discarded commercial chemical products). These lists include specific commercial chemical products in an unused form. Some pesticides and some pharmaceutical products become hazardous waste when discarded.  Ignitable waste:Ignitable wastes can create fires under certain conditions, are spontaneously combustible, or have a flash point less than 60 °C (140 °F). Examples include waste oils and used solvents.  Corrosive waste:Corrosive wastes are acids or bases (pH less than or equal to 2, or greater than or equal to 12.5) that are capable of corroding metal containers, such as storage tanks, drums, and barrels. Battery acid is an example.  Reactive Waste: Reactive wastes are unstable under "normal" conditions. They can cause explosions, toxic fumes, gases, or vapors when heated, compressed, or mixed with water. Examples include lithium-sulfur batteries and explosives  Toxic Waste: Toxic wastes are harmful or fatal when ingested or absorbed (e.g., containing mercury, lead, etc.). When toxic wastes are land disposed, contaminated liquid may leach from the waste and pollute ground water LISTED WASTE CHARACTERISTIC WASTE
  • 6.  This waste is generated from a large variety of sources and consists of products that serve both commercial and personal use.  Two of the prime examples of universal waste are batteries and light bulbs. Used throughout society in great quantities, disposal of batteries and other forms of universal waste cannot be as closely monitored or controlled as industrial waste.  Commonly just thrown out with the trash, these wastes make their way into landfills and incinerators where their toxic components are released into the environment  Mixed waste are hazardous waste that contains both radioactive and chemically hazardous waste. UNIVERSAL WASTE MIXED WASTE
  • 7. SOURCE OF HAZARDOUS WASTE 1. Industrial wastes 2. Agricultural waste 3. Household waste 4. Medical waste
  • 8. EFFECTS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE ON; Is usually viewed directly as a health hazard to humans. However, pollution in this form can have a much more pronounced effect on the plants and animals of our environment. According to the EPA, "When chemicals are disposed improperly, they can have harmful effects on humans, plants, and animals  Reproductive Issues  Evolutionary-Hazardous waste also has the power to shape evolutionary changes. When species survival is threatened by pollution, the species must either adapt or become extinct.  pH Change and Oxygen Depletion  Heavy Metal and Toxic Chemical Accumulation  Species Extinction Ongoing exposure to these materials can have significant health effects on people  Long term exposure to hazardous waste can impair the immune system, the endocrine system, the reproductive system and the nervous system.  Cancer  Reproductive Health  Mental Disorders  Disabilities  Death  Deformation Environment Human
  • 9. HAZARDOUS WASTE CONTROL How can we Manage Hazardous Waste? There are many way in which you can manage/control and dispose hazardous waste. According to EPA(environmental protection agency) there are 5step in which it can be managed and disposed. 1.Consider reduction at the source-The best way to eliminate hazardous wastes is not to generate them in the first place. Many industries are looking for ways to reduce the amount of hazardous chemicals they use, which in turn reduces the amount of hazardous waste they generate. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, various approaches to do this include:  Lean manufacturing  Energy recovery  Environmental Management Systems (EMS)
  • 10. CONT. 2. Reuse and recycle potentially hazardous materials  Many items that can turn in to hazardous materials can be recycled or in some cases reclaimed, which is a process that recovers what is left of the usable product.  Some reclaimed products include the recovery of acetone from spent solvents and lead from metals.  Zinc can be gathered from smelting furnaces.  Used oil, hydraulic fluids, refrigerator compressors and more can be taken from cars and fridges.  Batteries can also be recycled. 3. Disposal Land disposal of hazardous waste permanently contains the waste in a landfill, waste pile, injection well or other land based disposal area. These areas fall under regulation to protect the families around them as well as to minimize the environmental impact resulting from the disposal of the hazardous waste
  • 11. CONT. 4. Treatment  Wastes may be made less hazardous by physical, chemical, or biological treatment.  For example, sodium hydroxide has been used to treat acid wastes at integrated-circuit plants. Sulphuric acid wastes, if not recycled, can be treated with ammonia wastes , forming ammonium sulphate, a fertilizer.  Incineration has been used since human beings learned to control fire. It is the preferred method of handling infectious medical wastes. However, it should not be used for wastes that contain toxic heavy metals or chlorinated hydrocarbons: When burned, old painted surfaces can release lead/other bed gases into the air.  Solidification of waste involves melting them and mixing them with a binder, a substance that eventually hardens the mix into an impenetrable mass. 5. . Find out what collection facilities are available in your community or area.  Find out what collection facilities are available in your community or area.  Most local government websites can direct you to where you need to go or who you need to contact for help disposing of your hazardous waste.  Some communities have special collection facilities.  Businesses may have their own collection sites, and certain household hazardous waste sites may have special disposal requirements.  Some communities have special days set aside where they set up one location for a large collection of hazardous waste.
  • 12. SIGNS & WARNING OF HAZARDOUS WASTE
  • 13. CONCLUSION Well we all know that today in the world we are facing a lot of problems and issues that are rising from the result of exposures to Hazardous waste.  Identify Hazardous Waste  Four Types of Hazardous waste  Its source  It’s effect on the Public heath  How to manage Hazardous Waste Therefore as an Environment Health Officer it our duty to ensure that all Hazardous Waste are disposed separately from ordinary waste or taken to an area where it would not do any harm to the plants, animal and the public.
  • 14. REFERENCES  Mr. A. Tuka, 2014, EH219-Waste Management, Lecture 1-Waste Management in PNG, Divine Word University, Madang  http://www.ehow.com/about_5379525_hazardous-waste.html  http://www.mhhe.com  www.epa.org  www.encarta.com