L1 ap 2013
- 1. AS year…. Unit 1 Global Challenges Unit 2 Geographical Investigations World at Risk and Going Global Summer Exam 60% AS Rebranding and Crowded Coasts Summer exam 40% AS
- 2. Introduction to Unit 2 – Geographical Investigations • This module is worth 40% of AS • 1hr 15mins exam – Summer • Two sections, each worth 35 marks • 3 questions in each section • Resource based • Fieldwork, research skills and structured essay question style.
- 4. What is the pattern of global population density?
- 5. Competition for Coasts LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments?
- 6. How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments? A. Land 1. Resistance of the rocks – GEOLOGY Different rock types will create different landforms. E.g. Resistant Chalk and weaker limestone at Purbeck. LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments?
- 9. Physical factors that create a variety of coastal environments A. Land 2. Relief • Relief provides sheltered inlets and natural harbours, e.g. Hong Kong Bay. LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments?
- 10. Physical factors that create a variety of coastal environments A. Land R E L I E F 2. Relief
- 11. Physical factors that create a variety of coastal environments A. Land 3. Presence or lack of beach Sand dunes, shingle beach or sand beach will all help to protect the land from erosion. E.g. Beesands, Devon. A lack of a beach will clearly increase rates of erosion. E.g. Holderness Coastline. LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments?
- 14. Physical factors that create a variety of coastal environments A. Land 4. River sediments Rivers carry vast quantities of sediment to the mouth. Once they meet the sea it is often deposited in the form of a delta. This adds to the coast and allows space for development as well as protection for the land. E.g. Nile Delta. LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments?
- 16. Physical factors that create a variety of coastal environments B. Sea 1. Coastal (marine) ecosystems • Mangrove swamps and coral reefs all help to protect the land behind it. These ecosystems therefore protect the coast, especially from topical storms as they are found in tropics! LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments?
- 18. Physical factors that create a variety of coastal environments B. Sea 2. Wave energy and direction • Waves can have huge impact on erosion and therefore shaping the coast. The larger the fetch the more erosion. Compare Cornwall (……….. Fetch) to Suffolk (……….. Fetch) . LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments?
- 20. Physical factors that create a variety of coastal environments B. Sea 3. Size and type of waves Larger waves clearly cause more erosion than smaller ones. Destructive waves have …………. Swash and a ……. backwash. These waves cause more damage than constructive waves ( ………… swash and ……….. backwash) LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments?
- 22. Physical factors that create a variety of coastal environments B. Sea 4. Local Currents and Long Shore Drift Long shore drift transports material along the coast. Clearly areas where LSD takes place means that there will be a small and temporary beach. Can increase the rate of erosion. LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments?
- 23. Physical factors that create a variety of coastal environments B. Sea
- 24. Physical factors that create a variety of coastal environments C. Weather and Climate LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments?
- 25. Physical factors that create a variety of coastal environments C. Weather and Climate 1. Wind strength and direction Onshore winds will create more erosion than offshore ones. Also strengths can play an important role in the tropics, e.g. hurricanes. LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments?
- 27. Physical factors that create a variety of coastal environments C. Weather and Climate 2. Rainfall and temperature Theses factors can influence weathering rates. E.g. slumping or biological weathering. LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments?
- 30. Physical factors that create a variety of coastal environments C. Weather and Climate 3. Storms surges Storms surges result from hurricanes. They can damage coastal areas over long periods of time. The damage from Hurricane Sandy was due to a storm surge. LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments?
- 32. Homework • Find a photo of a coastal area and on it label at least 4 different factors that shape that area, e.g. Relief, high land that stops erosion from being too rapid. • Here is one I made earlier … LO: How do physical factors create a variety of coastal environments?
- 33. Relief: ………………………………. ………………………………. ……………………………… Presence of beach : ………………………………. ………………………………. ……………………………… Local Currents: ………………………………. ………………………………. ……………………………… Temperature: ………………………………. ………………………………. ……………………………… Geology : ………………………………. ………………………………. ………………………………
- 35. Factors influencing coasts • Use the photos to say what the different factors are that you can see, which influence the coast.